Biofilm Formed by Candida haemulonii Species Complex: Structural Analysis and Extracellular Matrix Composition
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Microorganisms and Growth Conditions
2.2. Biofilm Formation on Polystyrene
2.3. Biofilm Parameters
2.3.1. Biomass
2.3.2. Metabolic Activity
2.3.3. ECM
2.4. Biofilm Architecture
2.4.1. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM)
2.4.2. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
2.5. Biofilm ECM Composition
2.5.1. Extraction of ECM
2.5.2. Chemical Quantification of the Main Biomolecules
2.6. Biofilm Formation on Distinct Catheters Employed in Clinical Settings
2.7. Statistics
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Biofilm on Polystyrene Surface: Classical Parameters
3.2. CLSM Analysis
3.3. SEM Analysis
3.4. ECM Composition
3.5. Biofilm Formation on Medical Devices
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Species Code (GenBank Acession Number) | Isolation Site |
---|---|
Candida haemulonii | |
LIPCh2 (KJ476194) | Cutaneous (sole of the foot) |
LIPCh3 (KJ476195) | Cutaneous (toe nail) |
LIPCh4 (KJ476196) | Cutaneous (finger nail) |
LIPCh7 (KJ476199) | Cutaneous (toe nail) |
LIPCh12 (KJ476204) | Fluid (blood) |
Candida duobushaemulonii | |
LIPCh1 (KJ476193) | Cutaneous (finger nail) |
LIPCh6 (KJ476198) | Cutaneous (toe nail) |
LIPCh8 (KJ476200) | Fluid (blood) |
LIPCh10 (KJ476202) | Fluid (bronchoalveolar lavage) |
Candida haemulonii var. vulnera | |
LIPCh5 (KJ476197) | Cutaneous (toe nail) |
LIPCh9 (KJ476201) | Fluid (urine) |
LIPCh11 (KJ476203) | Fluid (blood) |
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Ramos, L.S.; Mello, T.P.; Branquinha, M.H.; Santos, A.L.S. Biofilm Formed by Candida haemulonii Species Complex: Structural Analysis and Extracellular Matrix Composition. J. Fungi 2020, 6, 46. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6020046
Ramos LS, Mello TP, Branquinha MH, Santos ALS. Biofilm Formed by Candida haemulonii Species Complex: Structural Analysis and Extracellular Matrix Composition. Journal of Fungi. 2020; 6(2):46. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6020046
Chicago/Turabian StyleRamos, Lívia S., Thaís P. Mello, Marta H. Branquinha, and André L. S. Santos. 2020. "Biofilm Formed by Candida haemulonii Species Complex: Structural Analysis and Extracellular Matrix Composition" Journal of Fungi 6, no. 2: 46. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6020046