New Species of Large-Spored Alternaria in Section Porri Associated with Compositae Plants in China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sample Collection and Fungal Isolation
2.2. Morphological Observations
2.3. DNA Extraction and PCR Amplification
2.4. Phylogenetic Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Phylogenetic Analysis
3.2. Taxonomy
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Section | Species | Strain | Locality | Substrate | ITS | GAPDH | Alt a 1 | TEF1 | RPB2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Porri | A. acalyphicola | CBS 541.94 T | Seychelles | Acalypha indica | KJ718097 | KJ717952 | KJ718617 | KJ718446 | KJ718271 |
Porri | A. agerati | CBS 117221 R | USA | Ageratum houstonianum | KJ718098 | KJ717953 | KJ718618 | KJ718447 | KJ718272 |
Porri | A. agripestis | CBS 577.94 T | Canada | Euphorbia esula, stem lesion | KJ718099 | JQ646356 | KJ718619 | KJ718448 | KJ718273 |
Porri | A. allii | CBS 116701 R | USA | Allium cepa var. viviparum | KJ718103 | KJ717957 | KJ718623 | KJ718452 | KJ718277 |
Porri | A. alternariacida | CBS 105.51 T | UK | Solanum lycopersicum, fruit | KJ718105 | KJ717959 | KJ718625 | KJ718454 | KJ718279 |
Porri | A. anagallidis | CBS 117129 R | New Zealand | Anagallis arvensis, leaf spot | KJ718109 | KJ717962 | KJ718629 | KJ718457 | KJ718283 |
Porri | A. anhuiensis sp. nov. | YZU 171206 T | China | Coreopsis basalis, leaf | MK264916 | MK303949 | MK303953 | MK303958 | MK303960 |
Porri | A. anodae | PPRI 12376 | South Africa | Anoda cristata, leaf | KJ718110 | KJ717963 | KJ718630 | KJ718458 | KJ718284 |
Porri | A. aragakii | CBS 594.93 T | USA | Passiflora edulis | KJ718111 | KJ717964 | KJ718631 | KJ718459 | KJ718285 |
Porri | A. argyroxiphii | CBS 117222 T | USA | Argyroxiphium sp. | KJ718112 | JQ646350 | KJ718632 | KJ718460 | KJ718286 |
Porri | A. azadirachtae | CBS 116444 T | Australia | Azadirachta indica, leaf spot | KJ718115 | KJ717967 | KJ718635 | KJ718463 | KJ718289 |
Porri | A. bataticola | CBS 531.63 T | Japan | Ipomoea batatas | KJ718117 | JQ646349 | JQ646433 | KJ718465 | KJ718291 |
Porri | A. blumeae | CBS 117364 T | Thailand | Blumea aurita | KJ718126 | AY562405 | AY563291 | KJ718474 | KJ718300 |
Porri | A. calendulae | CBS 224.76 T | Germany | Calendula officinalis | KJ718127 | KJ717977 | KJ718648 | KJ718475 | KJ718301 |
Porri | A. calendulae | CBS 101498 | New Zealand | Calendula officinalis, leaf | KJ718128 | KJ717978 | KJ718645 | KJ718476 | KJ718302 |
Porri | CBS 116439 T | New Zealand | Rosa sp., leaf spot | KJ718129 | KJ717979 | KJ718646 | KJ718477 | KJ718303 | |
Porri | CBS 116650 R | Japan | Calendula officinalis, leaf spot | KJ718130 | KJ717980 | KJ718647 | KJ718478 | KJ718304 | |
Porri | A. carthami | CBS 117091 R | USA | Carthamus tinctorius, leaf spot | KJ718133 | KJ717983 | KJ718651 | KJ718481 | KJ718307 |
Porri | A. carthamicola | CBS 117092 T | Iraq | Carthamus tinctorius | KJ718134 | KJ717984 | KJ718652 | KJ718482 | KJ718308 |
Porri | A. cassiae | CBS 116119 T | Malaysia | Sauropus androgynus | KJ718136 | KJ717986 | KJ718654 | KJ718484 | KJ718310 |
Porri | A. catananches | CBS 137456 T | Netherlands | Catananche caerulea | KJ718139 | KJ717989 | KJ718657 | KJ718487 | KJ718313 |
Porri | A. centaureae | CBS 116446 T | USA | Centaurea solstitialis, leaf spot | KJ718140 | KJ717990 | KJ718658 | KJ718488 | KJ718314 |
Porri | A. cichorii | CBS 102.33 T | Cyprus | Cichorium intybus, leaf spot | KJ718141 | KJ717991 | KJ718659 | KJ718489 | KJ718315 |
Porri | A. cirsinoxia | CBS 113261 T | Canada | Cirsium arvense, stem lesion | KJ718143 | KJ717993 | KJ718661 | KJ718491 | KJ718317 |
Porri | A. citrullicola | CBS 103.32 T | Cyprus | Citrullus vulgaris, fruit | KJ718144 | KJ717994 | KJ718662 | KJ718492 | KJ718318 |
Porri | A. coreopsidis sp. nov. | YZU 161159 | China | Coreopsis basalis, leaf | MK264914 | MK303947 | MK303951 | MK303955 | MK303971 |
Porri | YZU 161160 T | China | Coreopsis basalis, leaf | ON130144 | ON229924 | ON229926 | ON229928 | ON229930 | |
Porri | A. crassa | CBS 110.38 T | Cyprus | Datura stramonium, leaf spot | KJ718147 | KJ717997 | KJ718665 | KJ718495 | KJ718320 |
Porri | CBS 122590 R | USA | Datura stramonium, leaf spot | KJ718152 | GQ180072 | GQ180088 | KJ718500 | KJ718325 | |
Porri | A. cucumerina | CBS 116114 T | USA | Luffa acutangula | KJ718153 | KJ718000 | KJ718668 | KJ718501 | KJ718326 |
Porri | CBS 117225 R | USA | Cucumis melo, leaf spot | KJ718154 | KJ718001 | KJ718669 | KJ718502 | KJ718327 | |
Porri | A. cyamopsidis | CBS 117219 R | USA | Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, leaf spot | KJ718157 | KJ718004 | KJ718672 | KJ718505 | KJ718330 |
Porri | A. dauci | CBS 111.38 T | Italy | Daucus carota, seed | KJ718158 | KJ718005 | KJ718673 | KJ718506 | KJ718331 |
Porri | A. deserticola | CBS 110799 T | Namibia | desert soil | KJ718249 | KJ718077 | KJ718755 | KJ718595 | KJ718424 |
Porri | A. dichondrae | CBS 199.74 T | Italy | Dichondra repens, leaf spot | KJ718166 | JQ646357 | JQ646441 | KJ718514 | KJ718339 |
Porri | A. echinaceae | CBS 116117 T | New Zealand | Echinacea sp., leaf lesion | KJ718170 | KJ718015 | KJ718684 | KJ718518 | KJ718343 |
Porri | A. grandis | CBS 116695 R | USA | Solanum tuberosum, leaf spot | KJ718241 | KJ718070 | KJ718748 | KJ718587 | KJ718416 |
Porri | A. ipomoeae | CBS 219.79 T | Ethiopia | Ipomoea batatas, stem and petiole | KJ718175 | KJ718020 | KJ718689 | KJ718523 | KJ718348 |
Porri | A. jesenskae | CBS 133855 T | Slovakia | Fumana procumbens, seed | KJ718177 | KJ718022 | KJ718691 | KJ718525 | KJ718350 |
Porri | A. linariae | CBS 105.41 T | Denmark | Linaria maroccana, seedling | KJ718180 | KJ718024 | KJ718692 | KJ718528 | KJ718353 |
Porri | A. passiflorae | CBS 630.93 T | USA | Passiflora edulis | KJ718210 | JQ646352 | KJ718718 | KJ718556 | KJ718383 |
Porri | CBS 116333 T | New Zealand | Gaura lindheimeri, leaf | KJ718211 | KJ718046 | KJ718719 | KJ718557 | KJ718384 | |
Porri | A. pipionipisi | CBS 116115 T | India | Cajanus cajan, seed | KJ718214 | KJ718049 | KJ718722 | KJ718560 | KJ718387 |
Porri | A. porri | CBS 116699 T | USA | Allium cepa, leaf spot | KJ718218 | KJ718053 | KJ718727 | KJ718564 | KJ718391 |
Porri | A. protenta | CBS 116437 T | New Zealand | Hordeum vulgare, seed | KJ718220 | KJ718055 | KJ718729 | KJ718566 | KJ718393 |
Porri | A. pseudorostrata | CBS 119411 T | USA | Euphorbia pulcherrima | JN383483 | AY562406 | AY563295 | KC584680 | KC584422 |
Porri | A. ranunculi | CBS 116330 T | Israel | Ranunculus asiaticus, seed | KJ718225 | KJ718058 | KJ718732 | KJ718571 | KJ718398 |
Porri | A. ricini | CBS 215.31 T | Japan | Ricinus communis | KJ718226 | KJ718059 | KJ718733 | KJ718572 | KJ718399 |
Porri | A. rostellata | CBS 117366 T | USA | Euphorbia pulcherrima, leaf | KJ718229 | JQ646332 | KJ718736 | KJ718575 | KJ718402 |
Porri | A. scorzonerae | CBS 478.83 T | Netherlands | Scorzonera hispanica, leaf spot | KJ718191 | JQ646334 | KJ718699 | KJ718538 | KJ718364 |
Porri | A. sennae | CBS 477.81 T | India | Senna corymbosa, leaf | KJ718230 | JQ646344 | JQ646428 | EU130543 | KJ718403 |
Porri | A. sesami | CBS 115264 R | India | Sesamum indicum, seedling | JF780939 | KJ718061 | KJ718738 | KJ718577 | KJ718405 |
Porri | A. sidae | CBS 117730 T | Kiribati | Sida fallax, leaf spot | KJ718232 | KJ718062 | KJ718739 | KJ718578 | KJ718406 |
Porri | A. silybi | CBS 134092 T | Russia | Silybum marianum, leaf | KJ718233 | KJ718063 | KJ718740 | KJ718579 | KJ718407 |
Porri | CBS 134093 | Russia | Silybum marianum, leaf | KJ718234 | KJ718064 | KJ718741 | KJ718580 | KJ718408 | |
Porri | CBS 134094 | Russia | Silybum marianum, leaf | KJ718235 | KJ718065 | KJ718742 | KJ718581 | KJ718409 | |
Porri | A. solani | CBS 109157 R | USA | Solanum tuberosum, leaf spot | KJ718238 | GQ180080 | KJ718746 | KJ718585 | KJ718413 |
Porri | A. solani-nigri | CBS 117101 R | New Zealand | Solanum nigrum, leaf spot | KJ718247 | KJ718075 | KJ718753 | KJ718593 | KJ718422 |
Porri | A. steviae | CBS 117362 T | Japan | Stevia rebaudiana, leaf spot | KJ718252 | KJ718079 | KJ718758 | KJ718598 | KJ718427 |
Porri | A. tagetica | CBS 117217 R | USA | Tagetes sp., leaf spot | KJ718256 | KJ718083 | KJ718763 | KJ718602 | KJ718431 |
Porri | CBS 297.79 | UK | Tagetes sp., seed | KJ718253 | KJ718080 | KJ718759 | KJ718599 | KJ718428 | |
Porri | CBS 298.79 | UK | Tagetes sp., seed | KJ718254 | KJ718081 | KJ718760 | KJ718600 | KJ718429 | |
Porri | CBS 479.81 R | UK | Tagetes erecta, seed | KC584221 | KC584143 | KJ718761 | KC584692 | KC584434 | |
Porri | CBS 480.81 R | USA | Tagetes sp., seed | KJ718255 | KJ718082 | KJ718762 | KJ718601 | KJ718430 | |
Porri | A. thunbergiae | CBS 116331 T | Australia | Thunbergia alata, leaf spot | KJ718257 | KJ718084 | KJ718764 | KJ718603 | KJ718432 |
Porri | A. tillandsiae | CBS 116116 T | New Zealand | Tillandsia usneoides | KJ718260 | KJ718087 | KJ718767 | KJ718606 | KJ718435 |
Porri | A. tropica | CBS 631.93 T | USA | Passiflora edulis, fruit | KJ718261 | KJ718088 | KJ718768 | KJ718607 | KJ718436 |
Porri | A. venezuelensis | CBS 116121 T | Venezuela | Phaseolus vulgaris, leaf spot | KJ718263 | KJ718263 | KJ718770 | KJ718609 | KJ718438 |
Porri | A. zinniae | CBS 117223 R | New Zealand | Zinnia elegans, leaf spot | KJ718270 | KJ718096 | KJ718777 | KJ718616 | KJ718445 |
Porri | CBS 118.44 | Hungary | Callistephus chinensis, seed | KJ718264 | JQ646361 | KJ718771 | KJ718610 | KJ718439 | |
Porri | CBS 117.59 | Italy | Zinnia elegans | KJ718266 | KJ718092 | KJ718773 | KJ718612 | KJ718441 | |
Porri | CBS 299.79 | UK | Zinnia sp., seed | KJ718268 | KJ718094 | KJ718775 | KJ718614 | KJ718443 | |
Gypsophilae | A. gypsophilae | CBS 107.41 T | Netherlands | Gypsophila elegans, seed | KC584199 | KC584118 | KJ718688 | KC584660 | KC584401 |
Species | Strain | Conidia | Sporulation Pattern | Medium | Reference | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shape | Size (μm) | Transversesepta | Beak (μm) | |||||
A. alternariacida | CBS 105.51 | Smooth-walled, narrowly ovoid; smooth-walled | (85–) 99–111 (–121) × (6–) 7–8 (–10) | (3–) 5–6 (–8) | (47–) 129–257 (–610) × 2 | Solitary or in unbranched chains of 2 (–3) conidia | SNA | [4] |
A. anhuiensis sp. nov. | YZU 171206 | Long-narrow ovoid or ellipsoid; smooth-walled | 61–100 (–111.5) × (11.5–) 13–19.5 | 6–11 | (22–) 58–133 (–150.5) × 2.5–4 (–4.5) | Solitary | V8A | This study |
A. catananches | CBS 137456 | Narrowly ovoid; ornamented in lower half of the conidium | (26–) 37–43 (–57) × (7–) 8–9 (–11) | (2–) 4 (–6) | (77–) 126–160 (–260) × 2 | Solitary | SNA | [4] |
A. centaureae | CBS 116446 | Long narrow-ellipsoid or long-ovoid; ornamentation and punctate to pustulate | 75–100 × 15–24 | 7–10 | 140–190 × 1.5–6 | Solitary | V8A | [2] |
A. cichorii | CBS 117218 | Narrow-ovoid or narrow-ellipsoid; smooth-walled | 60–80 × 14–18 | 7–12 | 120–240 × 2.5–7 | Terminal clumps of 4–5 conidia | V8A | [2] |
A. cirsinoxia | CBS 113261 | Long-obclavate, short-ovoid; punctulate-walled | 70–90 × 12–22 | 7–9 | 80–165 × 2.5–4 | Solitary or tufts of 2–7 conidia | V8A | [2] |
A. coreopsidis sp. nov. | YZU 161160 | Long-narrow ovoid or ellipsoid; smooth-walled | (48.5–) 55–80 (–85) × (9–) 10–15 | 6–9 | (20–) 30–140 (–206) × (2–) 2.5–4 | Solitary or 2–conidium chains | V8A | This study |
A. nanningensis sp. nov. | YZU 171523 | Ovoid or ellipsoid; smooth-walled | (40.5–) 47–79 (–87) × 9–13.5 (–15) | 6–10 (–11) | 10–30 × (1–) 1.5–2 (–3) | Solitary | V8A | This study |
A. neimengguensis sp. nov. | YZU 171784 | Ovoid or ellipsoid; smooth-walled | (70–) 77–130 (–143.5) × (13–) 15–20 (–23) | 6–11 (–12) | (24.5–) 35–65 (–92) × (1.5–) 2–3 (–4) | Solitary | V8A | This study |
A. obtecta | CBS 134278 | Long-ovoid or ellipsoid; smooth or punctulate-walled | 65–95 × 18–22 | 7–10 | 55–150 × 2 | Solitary | PCA | [2] |
A. porri | CBS 116698 | Ovoid, sometimes broad or nearly cylindrical; smooth or punctulate-walled | 70–105 × 19–24 | 8–12 | 95–160 × 2–6.5 | Solitary | V8A | [2] |
A. silybi | CBS 134093 | Long-ellipsoid, subcylindrical or long-ovoid | 50–80 × 15–20 (–22) | (5–) 7–10 | 70–130 (–190) × 3 | Solitary | V4A | [40] |
A. steviae | CBS 117362 | Long-ovoid, subellipsoid, or obovoid; smooth or punctulate-walled | 55–95 × 18–30 | 7–10 | 60–120 × 1.5–2.5 | Solitary or tiny distal clumps | V8A | [2] |
A. sulphureus sp. nov. | YZU 191448 | Ovoid, ellipsoid, or obovoid; smooth-walled | (64–) 74–116 × (12.5–) 14–20 (–25.5) | (5–) 7–11 | (25.5–) 34–151 (–159.5) × 2.5–4.5 (–5.5) | Solitary | V8A | This study |
A. tillandsiae | CBS 116116 | Long-ovoid, ellipsoid, long-obovoid; smooth or a minor punctulate-walled | 70–102 × 16–19 | 8–11 | 75–120 × 2 | Solitary | V8A | [2] |
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Zhao, L.; Luo, H.; Cheng, H.; Gou, Y.-N.; Yu, Z.-H.; Deng, J.-X. New Species of Large-Spored Alternaria in Section Porri Associated with Compositae Plants in China. J. Fungi 2022, 8, 607. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8060607
Zhao L, Luo H, Cheng H, Gou Y-N, Yu Z-H, Deng J-X. New Species of Large-Spored Alternaria in Section Porri Associated with Compositae Plants in China. Journal of Fungi. 2022; 8(6):607. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8060607
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhao, Lin, Huan Luo, Hong Cheng, Ya-Nan Gou, Zhi-He Yu, and Jian-Xin Deng. 2022. "New Species of Large-Spored Alternaria in Section Porri Associated with Compositae Plants in China" Journal of Fungi 8, no. 6: 607. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8060607