Studies on Loading Salicylic Acid in Xerogel Films of Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Determination of SA Saturated Solubility
2.2. UV-Vis Spectrophotometry
2.2.1. Calculation of λmax
2.2.2. Determination of Drug Loading
2.3. Fourier-Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR)
2.4. Weight Studies
2.5. Film Thickness
2.6. Discussion
3. Conclusions
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials
4.2. Methods
4.2.1. Drug Loading Method
4.2.2. Determination of SA Saturated Solubility
4.2.3. UV-Vis Spectrophotometry
Determination of λmax
Plotting of Calibration Curves
Determination of Drug Loading
4.2.4. Fourier-Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR)
- Films swelled in water of different pH values (2.1, 7.8 and 11);
- Films loaded with SA solutions of different pH values (2.1, 7.8 and 11);
- SA powder.
4.2.5. Weight Studies
4.2.6. Film Thickness
4.2.7. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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pH | Solubility (mg/mL) | Ionized Salicylic Acid (%) | Temperature (°C) |
---|---|---|---|
2.00 | 15.3 ± 0.9 | 9.9 | 37 |
5.00 | >34.9 ± 3.2 | 99.1 |
pH | Saturated Solubility (mg SA/mL H2O) |
---|---|
2.1 | 1.97 |
7.8 | 2.47 |
11 | 2.47 |
pH | Ionization (%) |
---|---|
2.1 | 11.18 |
7.8 | 99.99 |
11 | 99.94 |
Sample | pH | Average Film Weight (g) (±SD) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Xerogel Pre-Loading | Swelled Film Post-loading | Xerogel Post-Loading A | Xerogel Post-Loading B | ||
Blank | 2.1 | 0.0055 (±0.022) | 0.0166 (±0.007) | 0.0039 (±0.002) | 0.0042 (±0.002) |
Blank | 7.8 | 0.0063 (±0.001) | 0.0255 (±0.005) | 0.0046 (±0.001) | 0.0052 (±0.001) |
Blank | 11 | 0.0065 (±0.003) | 0.0269 (±0.002) | 0.0047 (±0.000) | 0.0053 (±0.000) |
SA | 2.1 | 0.0060 (±0.001) | 0.0187 (±0.003) | 0.0044 (±0.001) | 0.0046 (±0.001) |
SA | 7.8 | 0.0049 (±0.000) | 0.0199 (±0.002) | 0.0042 (±0.001) | 0.0043 (±0.000) |
SA | 11 | 0.0050 (±0.001) | 0.0317 (±0.010) | 0.0033 (±0.000) | 0.0040 (±0.000) |
Sample | pH | Degree of Swelling (%) (±SD) | Gel Fraction A1 (%) (±SD) | Gel Fraction B2 (%) (±SD) | Weight Loss A1 (%) (±SD) | Weight Loss B2 (%) (±SD) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Blank | 2.1 | 198.70 (±7.79) | 71.43 (±1.29) | 77.92 (±3.90) | 28.57 (±1.30) | 22.08 (±3.39) |
Blank | 7.8 | 301.89 (±19.28) | 72.81 (±3.11) | 81.66 (±0.73) | 27.19 (±3.12) | 18.34 (±0.73) |
Blank | 11 | 312.86 (±4.79) | 71.66 (±2.54) | 80.76 (±0.12) | 28.34 (±2.54) | 19.24 (±0.12) |
SA | 2.1 | 212.63 (±16.29) | 72.98 (±4.24) | 76.80 (±5.72) | 27.02 (±4.24) | 23.20 (±5.73) |
SA | 7.8 | 310.32 (±32.41) | 86.76 (±4.35) | 89.06 (±2.76) | 13.24 (±4.35) | 10.94 (±2.76) |
SA | 11 | 520.12 (±121.64) | 65.10 (±3.37) | 80.60 (±5.49) | 34.90 (±3.37) | 19.40 (±5.49) |
Sample | pH | Difference WLA-WLB (%) (±SD) | Difference GFA-GFB (%) (±SD) |
---|---|---|---|
Blank | 2.1 | −23.03 (±10.15) | 9.05 (±3.47) |
Blank | 7.8 | −31.76 (±8.75) | 12.33 (±5.33) |
Blank | 11 | −31.74 (±6.56) | 12.80 (±4.14) |
SA | 2.1 | −19.89 (±8.36) | 7.13 (±2.20) |
SA | 7.8 | −28.75 (±12.37) | 5.28 (±4.32) |
SA | 11 | −44.62 (±13.33) | 23.85 (±6.75) |
Sample | pH | Film Thickness (mm) (n = 3) | Increase of Film Thickness (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Xerogel | 0.150 | N/A | ||
Swollen unmedicated film (Blank) | Blank 1 | 2.1 | 0.213 | 86.667 |
Blank 2 | 7.8 | 0.320 | 106.667 | |
Blank 3 | 11 | 0.293 | 93.333 | |
Loaded Film (SA) | SA 1 | 2.1 | 0.310 | 106.667 |
SA 2 | 7.8 | 0.290 | 93.333 | |
SA 3 | 11 | 0.323 | 113.333 |
Solution | pH | Blanking Solution |
---|---|---|
SA Solution 1 | 2.1 | Water at pH 2.1 |
SA Solution 2 | 7.8 | Water at pH 7.8 |
SA Solution 3 | 11 | Water at pH 11 |
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Mamaligka, A.M.; Dodou, K. Studies on Loading Salicylic Acid in Xerogel Films of Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid. Gels 2024, 10, 54. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10010054
Mamaligka AM, Dodou K. Studies on Loading Salicylic Acid in Xerogel Films of Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid. Gels. 2024; 10(1):54. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10010054
Chicago/Turabian StyleMamaligka, Anastasia Maria, and Kalliopi Dodou. 2024. "Studies on Loading Salicylic Acid in Xerogel Films of Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid" Gels 10, no. 1: 54. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10010054