Sodium Alginate and Chitosan as Components Modifying the Properties of Inulin Hydrogels
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Induction of Inulin Hydrogels
2.3. Methods
2.3.1. Volumetric Gel Index (VGI)
2.3.2. Microstructure
2.3.3. Yield Stress
2.3.4. Textural Properties
2.3.5. Physical Stability
2.3.6. Color Parameters
- −
- If 0 < ΔE < 1—the color difference is determined as not noticeable to the observer.
- −
- If 1 < ΔE < 2—only experienced observers can notice the difference in colors.
- −
- If 2 < ΔE < 3.5—unexperienced observers also notice the difference in colors.
- −
- If 3.5 < ΔE < 5—clear color difference in colors is noticed, and the observer notices two different colors (5 < ΔE).
2.3.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Addition [g/100 g] | VGI [%] | Yield Stress [Pa] | Strength [N] | Spreadability [N * s] | Instability Index | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
INU | - | 100 a | 195.0 a ± 20.0 | 0.24 a ± 0.01 | 2.89 a ± 0.01 | 0.23 cd ± 0.02 |
SA | 0.1 | 100 a | 256.7 b ± 3.2 | 0.31 b ± 0.01 | 3.17 ab ± 0.25 | 0.16 bc ± 0.09 |
0.3 | 100 a | 302.2 c ± 3.1 | 0.64 d ± 0.01 | 4.32 d ± 0.04 | 0.24 cd ± 0.01 | |
0.5 | 100 a | 493.6 d ± 11.8 | 0.42 c ± 0.00 | 3.44 b ± 0.07 | 0.26 d ± 0.00 | |
CH | 0.1 | 100 a | 278.0 bc ± 5.0 | 0.37 b ± 0.01 | 2.75 a ± 0.12 | 0.26 d ± 0.02 |
0.3 | 100 a | 438.0 d ± 11.0 | 0.83 e ± 0.00 | 3.71 c ± 0.07 | 0.11 ab ± 0.01 | |
0.5 | 100 a | 745.3 e ± 7.0 | 1.29 f ± 0.03 | 6.16 e ± 0.09 | 0.03 a ± 0.01 |
Addition [g/100 g] | L * | a * | b * | ΔE # | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INU | - | 88.54 b ± 0.02 | −0.44 d ± 0.03 | 2.23 e ± 0.05 | - |
SA | 0.1 | 89.56 c ± 0.47 | −0.85 c ± 0.02 | 0.50 a ± 0.02 | 2.05 |
0.3 | 89.89 c ± 0.21 | −0.87 c ± 0.03 | 1.17 c ± 0.06 | 1.77 | |
0.5 | 88.59 b ± 0.11 | −0.78 c ± 0.03 | 0.85 b ± 0.02 | 1.42 | |
CH | 0.1 | 87.97 a ± 0.28 | −1.84 a ± 0.03 | 1.06 c ± 0.03 | 1.91 |
0.3 | 88.30 ab ± 0.19 | −1.51 b ± 0.05 | 2.08 d ± 0.08 | 1.11 | |
0.5 | 88.06 ab ± 0.16 | −1.53 b ± 0.07 | 2.03 d ± 0.03 | 1.21 |
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Florowska, A.; Hilal, A.; Florowski, T.; Mrozek, P.; Wroniak, M. Sodium Alginate and Chitosan as Components Modifying the Properties of Inulin Hydrogels. Gels 2022, 8, 63. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels8010063
Florowska A, Hilal A, Florowski T, Mrozek P, Wroniak M. Sodium Alginate and Chitosan as Components Modifying the Properties of Inulin Hydrogels. Gels. 2022; 8(1):63. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels8010063
Chicago/Turabian StyleFlorowska, Anna, Adonis Hilal, Tomasz Florowski, Paulina Mrozek, and Małgorzata Wroniak. 2022. "Sodium Alginate and Chitosan as Components Modifying the Properties of Inulin Hydrogels" Gels 8, no. 1: 63. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels8010063