Structuring of Cold Pressed Oils: Evaluation of the Physicochemical Characteristics and Microstructure of White Beeswax Oleogels
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Oleogel Characterization
2.2. Oil Retention Test in the Oleogel Structure
2.3. Peroxide Index Results
2.4. Colorimetric Analysis
2.5. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
2.6. FTIR Spectra of Oleogels
2.7. Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
3. Conclusions
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials
Preparation of Oleogels
4.2. Methods
4.2.1. Oil Binding Capacity (OBC)
4.2.2. Determination of the Peroxide Index (PV)
4.2.3. Color Measurement of Oleogel
4.2.4. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
4.2.5. FTIR Spectroscopy Analysis
4.2.6. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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SAMPLE | OBC, % | STABILITY | L* | a* | b* | ΔE* |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OL_3 BW | 68.85 ± 0.11 d | - | 41.88 ± 0.04 b | −5.19 ± 0.02 d | 32.60 ± 0.04 a | 59.95 ± 0.01 a |
OL_7 BW | 76.23 ± 0.22 c | + | 45.67 ± 0.03 b | −5.64 ± 0.05 d | 29.82 ± 0.02 b | 54.64 ± 0.04 b |
OL_11 BW | 96.56 ± 0.16 a | + | 49.54 ± 0.01 ab | −5.91 ± 0.03 d | 36.19 ± 0.04 a | 55.27 ± 0.02 b |
GO_3 BW | 65.12 ± 0.12 d | - | 44.28 ± 0.02 b | −3.17 ± 0.04 b | 18.14 ± 0.03 d | 51.84 ± 0.02 c |
GO_ 7 BW | 82.54 ± 0.27 b | + | 51.89 ± 0.04 a | −3.12 ± 0.04 b | 23.48 ± 0.02 c | 48.80 ± 0.04 d |
GO_11 BW | 99.73 ± 0.16 a | + | 55.46 ± 0.03 a | −3.38 ± 0.03 b | 27.08 ± 0.03 b | 46.28 ± 0.03 d |
WO_3 BW | 64.41 ± 0.21 d | - | 42.88 ± 0.02 b | −2.37 ± 0.04 a | 27.49 ± 0.05 b | 57.07 ± 0.03 a |
WO_7 BW | 82.46 ± 0.15 b | + | 41.03 ± 0.02 b | −2.82 ± 0.05 a | 25.67 ± 0.04 b | 54.61 ± 0.02 b |
WO_11 BW | 98.34 ± 0.17 a | + | 41.34 ± 0.04 b | −3.63 ± 0.01 b | 21.03 ± 0.03 c | 55.43 ± 0.01 b |
HO_3 BW | 64.34 ± 0.11 d | - | 39.78 ± 0.02 c | −4.55 ± 0.03 c | 26.92 ± 0.02 b | 59.24 ± 0.04 a |
HO_7 BW | 83.98 ± 0.19 b | + | 39.99 ± 0.03 c | −4.03 ± 0.02 c | 22.08 ± 0.03 c | 57.17 ± 0.02 a |
HO_11 BW | 96.27 ± 0.18 a | + | 44.04 ± 0.02 b | −5.83 ± 0.05 d | 25.54 ± 0.04 b | 54.75 ± 0.02 b |
SO_3 BW | 68.45 ± 0.23 d | - | 41.47 ± 0.01 b | −4.32 ± 0.04 c | 18.76 ± 0.02 d | 54.33 ± 0.04 b |
SO_7 BW | 72.65 ± 0.27 c | + | 46.47 ± 0.02 b | −5.12 ± 0.02 d | 25.53 ± 0.03 b | 52.23 ± 0.03 c |
SO_11BW | 92.87 ± 0.20 a | + | 49.91 ± 0.04 ab | −4.93 ± 0.01 cd | 28.77 ± 0.02 b | 50.63 ± 0.02 c |
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Ropciuc, S.; Dranca, F.; Oroian, M.A.; Leahu, A.; Codină, G.G.; Prisacaru, A.E. Structuring of Cold Pressed Oils: Evaluation of the Physicochemical Characteristics and Microstructure of White Beeswax Oleogels. Gels 2023, 9, 216. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9030216
Ropciuc S, Dranca F, Oroian MA, Leahu A, Codină GG, Prisacaru AE. Structuring of Cold Pressed Oils: Evaluation of the Physicochemical Characteristics and Microstructure of White Beeswax Oleogels. Gels. 2023; 9(3):216. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9030216
Chicago/Turabian StyleRopciuc, Sorina, Florina Dranca, Mircea Adrian Oroian, Ana Leahu, Georgiana Gabriela Codină, and Ancuta Elena Prisacaru. 2023. "Structuring of Cold Pressed Oils: Evaluation of the Physicochemical Characteristics and Microstructure of White Beeswax Oleogels" Gels 9, no. 3: 216. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9030216