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Volume 8
Issue 2
10.22543/7674.82.P306311
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Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences is published by MDPI from Volume 12 Issue 1 (2025). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Valparaiso University (ValpoScholar).
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Case Report

Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Breast: A Case Report

by
Iulia Gîvan
1,*,#,
George Ciulei
2,
Angela Cozma
2,#,
Mădălina Gabriela Indre
2,3,
Vlad Țâru
3,
Anca Pop
2,
Adela Sitar Tăut
2,
Simina Țărmure
2,
Vasile Negrean
2 and
Olga Hilda Orășan
2
1
Niculaie Stăncioiu Heart Institute Cluj Napoca, Motilor Street 143-145, 400370 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
4th Medical Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
3
Prof. Dr. O. Fodor Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
#
Iulia Gîvan and Angela Cozma equally contributed to this paper.
J. Mind Med. Sci. 2021, 8(2), 306-311; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.82.P306311
Submission received: 8 March 2021 / Revised: 9 March 2021 / Accepted: 19 July 2021 / Published: 10 October 2021

Abstract

Neuroendocrine breast carcinomas represent a rare subtype of breast cancer. Their definition, prevalence and prognosis remain controversial in the literature. Regarding the presentation, there are no differences from other breast carcinomas and clinical syndromes related to hormone production are extremely rare. Refinement of the classification of neuroendocrine neoplasms of the breast is needed in order to improve the reproducibility of their diagnostic criteria and to define their clinical significance. This article presents the case of a 44-year-old female patient diagnosed with invasive breast carcinoma with neuroendocrine features, according to the 2012 World Health Organization (WHO) definition, with focus on presentation, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approach and differential diagnosis.
Keywords: invasive breast carcinoma; neuroendocrine; metastases; carcinoid syndrome invasive breast carcinoma; neuroendocrine; metastases; carcinoid syndrome

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gîvan, I.; Ciulei, G.; Cozma, A.; Indre, M.G.; Țâru, V.; Pop, A.; Tăut, A.S.; Țărmure, S.; Negrean, V.; Orășan, O.H. Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Breast: A Case Report. J. Mind Med. Sci. 2021, 8, 306-311. https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.82.P306311

AMA Style

Gîvan I, Ciulei G, Cozma A, Indre MG, Țâru V, Pop A, Tăut AS, Țărmure S, Negrean V, Orășan OH. Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Breast: A Case Report. Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences. 2021; 8(2):306-311. https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.82.P306311

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gîvan, Iulia, George Ciulei, Angela Cozma, Mădălina Gabriela Indre, Vlad Țâru, Anca Pop, Adela Sitar Tăut, Simina Țărmure, Vasile Negrean, and Olga Hilda Orășan. 2021. "Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Breast: A Case Report" Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences 8, no. 2: 306-311. https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.82.P306311

APA Style

Gîvan, I., Ciulei, G., Cozma, A., Indre, M. G., Țâru, V., Pop, A., Tăut, A. S., Țărmure, S., Negrean, V., & Orășan, O. H. (2021). Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Breast: A Case Report. Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences, 8(2), 306-311. https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.82.P306311

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