Allergens and Other Harmful Substances in Hydroalcoholic Gels: Compliance with Current Regulation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemicals, Reagents and Materials
2.2. Samples and Sampling
2.3. Sample Preparation Procedure: SPME
2.4. GC-MS/MS Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. SPME-GC-MS/MS—Method Validation
3.2. Greenness Assessment
3.3. Analysis of Real Samples
3.3.1. Fragrance Allergens
Regulatory Issues
3.3.2. Synthetic Musks
Regulatory Issues
3.3.3. Preservatives
Regulatory Issues
3.3.4. Plasticisers
Regulatory Issues
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Number | Range | Mean | Median | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Fragrance Allergens | 65 | 0.0054–32,458 | 180 | 0.801 |
Pinene | 24 | 0.022–4.4 | 1.0 | 0.59 |
Limonene | 53 | 0.057–177 | 20 | 0.77 |
Benzyl alcohol | 52 | 0.044–212 | 22 | 1.3 |
Linalool | 37 | 0.036–209 | 35 | 4.9 |
Methyl-2-octynoate | 32 | 0.072–72 | 7.1 | 1.25 |
Citronellol | 35 | 0.0085–53 | 8.8 | 2.0 |
Citral | 31 | 0.20–102 | 15 | 5.1 |
Geraniol | 31 | 0.070–1747 | 103 | 12 |
Cinnamaldehyde | 15 | 0.14–59 | 5.3 | 0.31 |
Anise alcohol | 13 | 0.076–17,035 | 1375 | 11.7 |
Cinnamyl alcohol | 19 | 0.17–327 | 51 | 3.7 |
Eugenol | 12 | 0.026–110 | 23 | 6.5 |
Methyl eugenol | 13 | 0.011–4.7 | 0.44 | 0.083 |
Isoeugenol | 22 | 0.031–739 | 57 | 2.1 |
α-isomethyl ionone | 29 | 0.0054–130 | 7.9 | 0.12 |
Lilial | 25 | 0.0063–517 | 23 | 0.056 |
Amyl cinnamal | 20 | 0.0094–32,458 | 1832 | 0.11 |
Amylcinnamyl alcohol | 16 | 0.0072–427 | 45 | 0.58 |
Farnesol | 18 | 0.0613–28,737 | 2363 | 7.07 |
Hexyl cinnamal | 34 | 0.015–755 | 28 | 0.19 |
Benzyl benzoate | 41 | 0.052–259 | 11 | 0.29 |
Benzyl salicylate | 27 | 0.035–154 | 11 | 0.14 |
Benzyl cinnamate | 14 | 0.019–0.84 | 0.15 | 0.058 |
Synthetic musks | 51 | 0.0042–2356 | 56 | 0.16 |
Musk xylene | 2 | 1840–2356 | 2098 | 2098 |
Galaxolide | 42 | 0.019–56 | 5.8 | 0.17 |
Phantolide | 4 | 0.011–29 | 7.3 | 0.081 |
Cashmeran | 24 | 0.0042–74 | 4.2 | 0.16 |
Traseolide | 1 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 |
Tonalide | 6 | 0.022–0.386 | 0.131 | 0.0918 |
Ambretolide | 3 | 0.0057–4.0 | 1.4 | 0.34 |
Preservatives | 61 | 0.0035–13,735 | 365 | 1.59 |
PhEtOH | 24 | 0.2121–13,735 | 2115 | 20.49 |
BHA | 7 | 0.012–0.57 | 0.23 | 0.13 |
BHT | 18 | 0.0035–170 | 10 | 0.043 |
TCS | 13 | 0.039–0.45 | 0.15 | 0.10 |
MeP | 17 | 0.18–23 | 4.4 | 1.3 |
EtP | 35 | 0.58–62 | 9.0 | 3.6 |
iPrP | 6 | 0.070–1.1 | 0.41 | 0.26 |
PrP | 4 | 0.15–150 | 39 | 2.1 |
iBuP | 14 | 0.15–61 | 14 | 4.1 |
BzP | 4 | 3.0–59 | 21 | 11 |
Plasticisers | 36 | 0.01–8238 | 256 | 0.54 |
DMP | 8 | 0.16–108 | 15 | 0.56 |
DEP | 24 | 0.19–8238 | 731 | 3.9 |
DPP | 3 | 0.050–0.14 | 0.10 | 0.11 |
DEHP | 15 | 0.11–12 | 1.4 | 0.25 |
DMA | 7 | 0.11–4.07 | 0.87 | 0.23 |
DEA | 10 | 0.010–1.8 | 0.48 | 0.11 |
DEHA | 2 | 0.40–0.92 | 0.66 | 0.66 |
Pinene | Limonene | Benzyl Alcohol | Linalool | Methyl-2-Octynoate | Citronellol | Citral | Geraniol | Cinnamal-dehyde | Anise Alcohol | Cinnamyl Alcohol | Eugenol | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G1 | 0.022 ± 0.001 | 0.18 ± 0.06 | 0.14 ± 0.05 | 2.2 ± 0.6 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 7 ± 1 | 59 ± 14 | 71 ± 21 | ||||
G2 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 143 ± 5 | 0.27 ± 0.04 | 0.179 ± 0.001 | 2.7 ± 0.4 | 3.2 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | ||||
G3 | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 0.171 ± 0.002 | 1.66 ± 0.01 | 0.41 ± 0.01 | 0.12 ± 0.02 | 0.21 ± 0.01 | ||||||
G4 | 3.0 ± 0.7 | 2.1 ± 0.5 | ||||||||||
G5 | 0.89 ± 0.01 | 6.8 ± 0.5 | 10.2 ± 0.87 | 15 ± 1 | 53 ± 3 | 98 ± 2 | 172 ± 12 | 0.227 ± 0.001 | 26 ± 3 | |||
G6 | 0.66 ± 0.03 | 0.67 ± 0.01 | 1.4 ± 0.016 | 0.65 ± 0.01 | 11 ± 1 | 159 ± 14 | ||||||
G7 | 0.19 ± 0.01 | 12 ± 1 | 11.7 ± 0.8 | 1.75 ± 0.08 | 2.58 ± 0.02 | 7.6 ± 0.9 | 36 ± 4 | 42 ± 5 | 0.17 ± 0.02 | 0.19 ± 0.02 | ||
G8 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 4 ± 1 | 4.5 ± 1.6 | 1.37 ± 0.01 | 6.8 ± 0.1 | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 3.6 ± 0.2 | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 2.5 ± 0.1 | |||
G9 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 29 ± 9 | 28 ± 7 | 15 ± 4 | 4 ± 1 | 25 ± 7 | 217 ± 44 | 5.6 ± 0.5 | 6 ± 2 | |||
G10 | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 36.2 ± 0.4 | 2.96 ± 0.04 | 29 ± 0.5 | 2.9 ± 0.1 | 26 ± 1 | 0.63 ± 0.08 | ||||
G11 | 0.25 ± 0.05 | 0.22 ± 0.02 | 16 ± 2 | 0.18 ± 0.01 | 0.46 ± 0.08 | |||||||
G12 | ||||||||||||
G13 | 0.83 ± 0.05 | 112 ± 4 | 121 ± 3 | 75 ± 2 | 40 ± 1 | 15 ± 3 | 41 ± 1 | 41 ± 1 | 0.21 ± 0.01 | |||
G14 | 0.54 ± 0.01 | 0.47 ± 0.05 | 0.18 ± 0.04 | |||||||||
G15 | 0.27 ± 0.06 | 36 ± 11 | 37 ± 7 | 1.61 ± 0.09 | 0.19 ± 0.01 | 0.27 ± 0.02 | 2.1 ± 0.5 | |||||
G16 | 0.72 ± 0.02 | |||||||||||
G17 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 29 ± 8 | 26 ± 5 | 50 ± 10 | 3.2 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 5.6 ± 0.6 | 50 ± 7 | ||||
G18 | 1.94 ± 0.01 | 9.3 ± 1.2 | 9 ± 1 | 178 ± 2 | 12.2 ± 0.1 | 603 ± 15 | 7.20 ± 0.04 | 489 ± 14 | ||||
G19 | 0.61 ± 0.04 | 0.59 ± 0.08 | 0.27 ± 0.04 | 3.7 ± 0.2 | ||||||||
G20 | 0.97 ± 0.03 | 160 ± 2 | 181 ± 3 | 4.9 ± 0.2 | 0.82 ± 0.08 | 12.3 ± 0.3 | ||||||
G21 | 0.14 ± 0.04 | 0.17 ± 0.02 | 1.6 ± 0.2 | |||||||||
G22 | 0.60 ± 0.06 | 0.300 ± 0.008 | 5.0 ± 0.3 | |||||||||
G23 | 4.3 ± 0.9 | 44 ± 7 | 57 ± 7 | 72 ± 11 | 0.12 ± 0.02 | 6 ± 1 | 13 ± 2 | |||||
G24 | 38 ± 3 | 40 ± 3 | 42 ± 5 | 45 ± 4 | 13 ± 1 | 102 ± 5 | 27 ± 5 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | ||||
G25 | 0.008 ± 0.001 | 0.30 ± 0.03 | ||||||||||
G26 | ||||||||||||
G27 | ||||||||||||
G28 | 2.7 ± 0.4 | 9 ± 1 | 10 ± 1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 10 ± 2 | 5.5 ± 0.1 | ||||
G29 | 25 ± 2 | 23 ± 1 | 209 ± 17 | 3.31 ± 0.02 | 1.04 ± 0.02 | 7.27 ± 0.07 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | |||||
G30 | 3.6 ± 0.7 | 14 ± 1 | 13 ± 1 | 185 ± 25 | 13 ± 2 | 17 ± 1 | 1747 ± 145 | 17,036 ± 1039 | 327 ± 39 | |||
G31 | 1.19 ± 0.06 | |||||||||||
G32 | 65 ± 5 | 58 ± 3 | 115 ± 17 | |||||||||
G33 | 0.438 ± 0.063 | 23.3 ± 3.3 | 25 ± 3 | 52 ± 3 | 0.791 ± 0.007 | 38 ± 3 | 12 ± 0.4 | 18 ± 3 | 7.1 ± 0.2 | |||
G34 | 0.0363 ± 0.0025 | 0.29 ± 0.04 | 0.069 ± 0.002 | 0.90 ± 0.01 | 0.076 ± 0.002 | |||||||
G35 | 0.228 ± 0.072 | 0.179 ± 0.016 | ||||||||||
G36 | 2.7 ± 0.19 | 176 ± 7 | 212 ± 20 | 86 ± 5 | 1.768 ± 0.005 | 0.92 ± 0.06 | 37.8 ± 0.5 | 20.8 ± 0.79 | 2.5 ± 0.1 | 20.00 ± 0.02 | 20.0 ± 0.6 | |
G37 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 0.057 ± 0.006 | ||||||||||
G38 | 0.28 ± 0.04 | 7 ± 2 | 8 ± 2 | 2.98 ± 0.01 | 0.135 ± 0.001 | 0.593 ± 0.008 | 5.0 ± 0.3 | 7.0 ± 0.1 | ||||
G39 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.54 ± 0.04 | 3.7 ± 0.1 | 0.030 ± 0.007 | ||||||||
G40 | 0.18 ± 0.024 | 0.10 ± 0.016 | ||||||||||
G41 | 2.3 ± 0.3 | 144 ± 21 | 167 ± 24 | 3.6 ± 0.3 | 0.51 ± 0.04 | 10.6 ± 0.6 | 7.7 ± 0.4 | 7.7 ± 0.53 | 0.17 ± 0.02 | 0.26 ± 0.013 | ||
G42 | 0.7 ± 0.23 | 4.2 ± 0.3 | 3.8 ± 0.3 | 0.15 ± 0.01 | 2.73 ± 0.10 | 0.37 ± 0.02 | ||||||
G43 | 0.032 ± 0.004 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.42 ± 0.08 | 1.12 ± 0.03 | 0.51 ± 0.02 | 0.54 ± 0.01 | 1.02 ± 0.01 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 1.51 ± 0.08 | |||
G44 | 0.7 ± 0.23 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | ||||||||||
G45 | 0.28 ± 0.01 | 0.22 ± 0.02 | 0.20 ± 0.03 | |||||||||
G46 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 0.05 ± 0.02 | ||||||||||
G47 | ||||||||||||
G48 | 0.32 ± 0.10 | 0.31 ± 0.02 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.22 ± 0.02 | |||||||
G49 | 0.20 ± 0.01 | |||||||||||
G50 | 0.44 ± 0.02 | 1.5 ± 0.19 | 11 ± 1 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 42 ± 2 | 16.4 ± 0.7 | 15.9 ± 0.74 | 25.1 ± 1.5 | 2.0 ± 0.17 | 21 ± 1. | ||
G51 | 0.48 ± 0.08 | 5.0 ± 0.7 | 9.5 ± 1.8 | 42 ± 7 | 26.2 ± 3.7 | 25 ± 3 | 259 ± 32 | 16 ± 1 | 82 ± 6 | |||
G52 | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 0.239± 0.06 | 0.26 ± 0.08 | 4.3 ± 1.1 | 0.325 ± 0.051 | |||||||
G53 | 0.42 ± 0.09 | 0.48 ± 0.04 | 14.4 ± 1.8 | 0.74 ± 0.03 | 16.5 ± 2.1 | 8.725 ± 0.041 | 37.6 ± 4.1 | 156 ± 20 | 110 ± 28 | |||
G54 | 3.7 ± 1.1 | |||||||||||
G55 | 0.44 ± 0.02 | 0.24 ± 0.02 | 3.06 ± 0.17 | |||||||||
G56 | 0.056 ± 0.008 | 0.057 ± 0.003 | 0.87 ± 0.13 | 0.658 ± 0.045 | ||||||||
G57 | 0.130 ± 0.023 | 0.218 ± 0.0010 | 0.12 ± 0.02 | 0.82 ± 0.12 | 0.28 ± 0.04 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | ||||||
G58 | 0.067 ± 0.0053 | 0.093 ± 0.0072 | 0.177 ± 0.001 | |||||||||
G59 | 0.31 ± 0.07 | 1.71 ± 0.50 | ||||||||||
G60 | 0.117± 0.03 | 19 ± 6 | 27 ± 8 | 0.16 ± 0.04 | 0.22 ± 0.08 | 0.13 ± 0.02 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | |||||
G61 | ||||||||||||
G62 | 0.85 ± 0.07 | 74.7 ± 0.8 | 73.78 ± 0.29 | 17.9 ± 1.6 | 4.3 ± 0.4 | 12.2 ± 0.3 | 87 ± 11 | 0.23 ± 0.03 | 200 ± 5 | |||
G63 | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 0.08748 ± 0.00040 | 0.096 ± 0.008 | 1.94 ± 0.017 | ||||||||
G64 | 0.19 ± 0.03 | 2.423 ± 0.001 | 0.029 ± 0.007 | |||||||||
G65 | 0.24 ± 0.02 | 2.9 ± 0.4 | 12.6 ± 0.7 | 0.97 ± 0.01 | 0.9 ± 0.12 | 0.75 ± 0.08 | 22 ± 8 | 18 ± 3 | ||||
G66 | 0.069 ± 0.003 | 0.04 ± 0.004 | 0.188 ± 0.001 | 1.72 ± 0.04 | 0.20 ± 0.02 | 0.15 ± 0.04 | 12 ± 2 | 0.17 ± 0.05 | ||||
G67 | 0.095 ± 0.0098 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.07 | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | |||||||
Methyl Eugenol | Isoeugenol | α-Isomethyl ionone | Lilial | Amyl Cinnamal | Amylcinna-myl Alcohol | Farnesol | Hexyl Cinnamal | Benzyl Benzoate | Benzyl Salicylate | Benzyl Cinnamate | Total Content | |
G1 | 2.2 ± 0.5 | 2.5 ± 0.6 | 0.17 ± 0.045 | 0.89 ± 0.27 | 9 ± 2 | 18 ± 56 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.10 | 173 | |||
G2 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.0119 ± 0.001 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.020 ± 0.003 | 156 | ||||||
G3 | 0.30 ± 0.01 | 0.034 ± 0.002 | 0.019 ± 0.001 | 3.06 | ||||||||
G4 | 2.37 ± 0.05 | 0.44 ± 0.07 | 11 ± 1 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 20.2 | |||||||
G5 | 4.7 ± 0.5 | 1.17 ± 0.04 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.19 ± 0.01 | 391 | |||||||
G6 | 0.045 ± 0.004 | 0.45 ± 0.02 | 0.061 ± 0.008 | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 0.23 ± 0.03 | 0.077 ± 0.002 | 174 | |||||
G7 | 2.2 ± 0.3 | 4.91 ± 0.02 | 2.78 ± 0.02 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 0.65 ± 0.05 | 126 | ||||||
G8 | 1.03 ± 0.09 | 28.4 | ||||||||||
G9 | 3.6 ± 0.8 | 1.7 ± 0.3 | 6.0 ± 0.4 | 22 ± 5 | 4 ± 1 | 369 | ||||||
G10 | 1.43 ± 0.09 | 9.95 ± 0.05 | 7.12 ± 0.02 | 0.53 ± 0.09 | 10.8 ± 0.3 | 9.9 ± 0.5 | 5.0 ± 0.8 | 146 | ||||
G11 | 17.1 | |||||||||||
G12 | 0 | |||||||||||
G13 | 0.09 ± 0.03 | 448 | ||||||||||
G14 | 1.17 | |||||||||||
G15 | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 0.74 ± 0.02 | 80.2 | |||||||||
G16 | 0.725 | |||||||||||
G17 | 7.8 ± 0.3 | 4180 ± 438 | 32 ± 4 | 149 ± 26 | 31 ± 4 | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 4567 | |||||
G18 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 1311 | ||||||||
G19 | 4.0 ± 0.1 | 0.135 ± 0.004 | 0.0066 ± 0.0004 | 0.74 ± 0.11 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 64 ± 1 | 74.7 | |||||
G20 | 0.208 ± 0.010 | 517 ± 53 | 0.290 ± 0.009 | 0.28 ± 0.02 | 5.5 ± 0.9 | 0.21 ± 0.01 | 884 | |||||
G21 | 0.06 ± 0.02 | 2.3 ± 0.6 | 0.33 ± 0.05 | 77.92 ± 0.07 | 4990 ± 5 | 0.14 ± 0.04 | 0.11 ± 0.06 | 0.10 ± 0.03 | 5073 | |||
G22 | 5.90 | |||||||||||
G23 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.0341 ± 0.0082 | 5.25 ± 0.85 | 0.01 ± 0.03 | 0.28 ± 0.09 | 202 | ||||||
G24 | 0.092 ± 0.002 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 15 ± 1 | 127 ± 1 | 28,737 ± 1 | 0.27 ± 0.05 | 0.06 ± 0.02 | 0.06 ± 0.015 | 29,190 | |||
G25 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.18 ± 0.02 | 0.115 ± 0.008 | 0.640 | ||||||||
G26 | 0.076 ± 0.005 | 0.052 ± 0.007 | 0.134 ± 0.005 | 0.263 | ||||||||
G27 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 0.187 | |||||||||
G28 | 0.09 ± 0.014 | 108 ± 1 | 0.292 ± 0.006 | 0.29 ± 0.01 | 149 | |||||||
G29 | 0.115 ± 0.005 | 1.004 ± 0.001 | 1.00 ± 0.03 | 10.12 ± 0.05 | 0.053 ± 0.009 | 9.912 ± 0.008 | 0.064 ± 0.004 | 0.050 ± 0.001 | 292 | |||
G30 | 0.047 ± 0.005 | 0.110 ± 0.005 | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 19,358 | ||||||||
G31 | 0.65 ± 0.04 | 1.83 | ||||||||||
G32 | 238 | |||||||||||
G33 | 0.45 ± 0.03 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | 46 ± 6 | 29 ± 3 | 0.345 ± 0.002 | 256 | |||||
G34 | 1.3 ± 0.19 | 0.005 ± 0.001 | 1.8 ± 0.3 | 0.019 ± 0.001 | 0.055 ± 0.001 | 4.06 | ||||||
G35 | 8.01 ± 0.013 | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 0.06 ± 0.019 | 8.60 | ||||||||
G36 | 0.20 ± 0.02 | 739 ± 7 | 0.018 ± 0.003 | 0.115 ± 0.002 | 0.036 ± 0.001 | 1427 ± 21 | 0.52 ± 0.03 | 0.22 ± 0.01 | 2748 | |||
G37 | 0.135 | |||||||||||
G38 | 0.55 ± 0.01 | 0.102 ± 0.001 | 9.03 ± 0.03 | 0.106 ± 0.003 | 40.8 | |||||||
G39 | 0.80 ± 0.02 | 0.71 ± 0.08 | 0.016 ± 0.003 | 0.053 ± 0.008 | 6.95 | |||||||
G40 | 0.016 ± 0.01 | 0.306 | ||||||||||
G41 | 0.011 ± 0.003 | 0.087 ± 0.001 | 6.3 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.29 | 353 | |||||||
G42 | 0.008 ± 0.001 | 0.0252 ± 0.00067 | 0.059 ± 0.002 | 0.382 ± 0.005 | 0.49 ± 0.03 | 0.142 ± 0.005 | 13.2 | |||||
G43 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 0.018 ± 0.005 | 0.67 ± 0.05 | 0.193 ± 0.003 | 1.40 ± 0.03 | 0.70 ± 0.05 | 0.55 ± 0.04 | 0.0268 ± 0.0076 | 10.0 | |||
G44 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.014 ± 0.001 | 0.132 ± 0.001 | 1.63 | ||||||||
G45 | 0.0068 ± 0.00042 | 0.027 ± 0.005 | 0.24 ± 0.01 | 0.40 ± 0.01 | 1.39 | |||||||
G46 | 0.011 ± 0.001 | 0.027 ± 0.004 | 0.13 ± 0.064 | 0.296 | ||||||||
G47 | 0 | |||||||||||
G48 | 0.009 ± 0.002 | 0.05 ± 0.010 | 0.009 ± 0.002 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.23 ± 0.04 | 1.32 | ||||||
G49 | 0.17 ± 0.03 | 0.13 ± 0.022 | 0.580 | |||||||||
G50 | 2.0 ± 1.1 | 3.45 ± 0.44 | 0.0212 ± 0.0072 | 0.740 ± 0.065 | 0.082± 0.044 | 2.743 ± 0.003 | 1.905 ± 0.051 | 0.62 ± 0.07 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 147 | ||
G51 | 0.0227 ± 0.0015 | 23.5 ± 1.9 | 65.4 ± 7.2 | 0.082 ± 0.011 | 32,458 ± 41 | 2.71 ± 0.87 | 755 ± 75 | 154 ± 19 | 0.836 ± 0.004 | 33,925 | ||
G52 | 5.23 | |||||||||||
G53 | 0.123 ± 0.011 | 130 ± 1 | 0.008 ± 0.001 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 85 ± 16 | 6010 ± 163 | 0.23 ± 0.06 | 0.32 ± 0.02 | 0.38 ± 0.12 | 6573 | ||
G54 | 0.47 ± 0.02 | 1.2 ± 0.37 | 3.3 ± 1.9 | 8.63 | ||||||||
G55 | 0.15 ± 0.02 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.070 ± 0.006 | 4.05 | ||||||||
G56 | 0.014 ± 0.005 | 0.031 ± 0.001 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.10 ± 0.02 | 0.10 ± 0.02 | 0.16 ± 0.01 | 0.139 ± 0.01 | 2.21 | ||||
G57 | 0.035 ± 0.001 | 1.63 | ||||||||||
G58 | 0.019 ± 0.008 | 0.358 | ||||||||||
G59 | 34 ± 13 | 36.1 | ||||||||||
G60 | 48.0 | |||||||||||
G61 | 0.012 ± 0.002 | 0.040 ± 0.004 | 0.0523 | |||||||||
G62 | 135 ± 3 | 0.03 ± 0.001 | 0.039 ± 0.003 | 427 ± 4 | 259 ± 1 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 1293 | |||||
G63 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.175 ± 0.006 | 0.11 ± 0.02 | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 2.75 | |||||||
G64 | 0.032 ± 0.001 | 2.68 | ||||||||||
G65 | 141 ± 11 | 0.029 ± 0.001 | 0.18 ± 0.04 | 0.75 ± 0.06 | 1274 ± 85 | 0.116 ± 0.009 | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 27.0 ± 0.01 | 0.028 ± 0.007 | 1502 | ||
G66 | 80 ± 9 | 0.014 ± 0.002 | 0.15 ± 0.07 | 0.007 ± 0.003 | 3.21 ± 0.01 | 0.19 ± 0.094 | 0.19 ± 0.056 | 93.44 ± 0.03 | 0.04 ± 0.02 | 191 | ||
G67 | 0.036 ± 0.005 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 3.39 |
Musk Xylene | Galaxolide | Phantolide | Cashmeran | Traseolide | Tonalide | Ambrettolide | Total Content | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G1 | 16 ± 4 | 4 ± 1 | 20 | |||||
G2 | 0.16 ± 0.010 | 0.16 | ||||||
G3 | 0.25 ± 0.055 | 0.25 | ||||||
G4 | 0.38 ± 0.060 | 19 ± 3 | 19 | |||||
G5 | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 0.56 ± 0.07 | 0.69 | |||||
G6 | 0.17 ± 0.011 | 0.17 ± 0.02 | 0.31 | |||||
G7 | 32 ± 4 | 0.13 ± 0.02 | 33 | |||||
G8 | 0.23 ± 0.028 | 0.23 | ||||||
G9 | 32 ± 5 | 1.8 ± 0.3 | 34 | |||||
G10 | 0 | |||||||
G11 | 0.10 ± 0.02 | 0.10 | ||||||
G12 | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 0.10 | ||||||
G13 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.005 ± 0.001 | 0.087 | |||||
G14 | 0.063 ± 0.001 | 0.063 | ||||||
G15 | 0 | |||||||
G16 | 0 | |||||||
G17 | 0.077 ± 0.004 | 0.077 | ||||||
G18 | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 0.14 | ||||||
G19 | 1.26 ± 0.07 | 0.036 ± 0.002 | 1.30 | |||||
G20 | 2.5 ± 0.2 | 0.33 ± 0.011 | 2.9 | |||||
G21 | 0.035 ± 0.002 | 0.128 ± 0.001 | 0.16 | |||||
G22 | 0 | |||||||
G23 | 0.048 ± 0.003 | 0.048 | ||||||
G24 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.38 ± 0.03 | 1.36 | |||||
G25 | 0.053 ± 0.007 | 0.0053 | ||||||
G26 | 0 | |||||||
G27 | 0 | |||||||
G28 | 0.37 ± 0.04 | 0.08 ± 0.004 | 0.40 | |||||
G29 | 39 ± 1 | 0.004 ± 0.001 | 0.38 ± 0.01 | 40 | ||||
G30 | 0.011 ± 0.001 | 0.0111 | ||||||
G31 | 0 | |||||||
G32 | 0 | |||||||
G33 | 56 ± 6 | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 0.31 ± 0.04 | 0.15 ± 0.03 | 57 | |||
G34 | 0.043 ± 0.005 | 0.45 ± 0.05 | 0.49 | |||||
G35 | 0 | |||||||
G36 | 0.44 ± 0.02 | 0.091 ± 0.006 | 0.54 | |||||
G37 | 0 | |||||||
G38 | 35.12 ± 0.02 | 0.010 ± 0.001 | 0.094 ± 0.001 | 35.2 | ||||
G39 | 0.032 ± 0.0039 | 0.0332 | ||||||
G40 | 0.0370 ± 0.0005 | 0.0370 | ||||||
G41 | 0.017 ± 0.001 | 0.0172 | ||||||
G42 | 1.69 ± 0.018 | 1.692 | ||||||
G43 | 0.09 ± 0.014 | 0.0910 | ||||||
G44 | 0.10 ± 0.013 | 0.102 | ||||||
G45 | 0 | |||||||
G46 | 0 | |||||||
G47 | 0 | |||||||
G48 | 0.14 ± 0.022 | 0.140 | ||||||
G49 | 0 | |||||||
G50 | 0.241 ± 0.001 | 0.17 ± 0.02 | 0.415 | |||||
G51 | 8.7 ± 0.8 | 2.8 ± 0.2 | 11.6 | |||||
G52 | 0.013 ± 0.001 | 0.0133 | ||||||
G53 | 0.017 ± 0.007 | 28.9 ± 0.6 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 29.8 | ||||
G54 | 0.056 ± 0.001 | 0.0567 | ||||||
G55 | 0.26 ± 0.04 | 0.266 | ||||||
G56 | 0.18 ± 0.02 | 0.188 | ||||||
G57 | 0.19 ± 0.098 | 0.008 ± 0.001 | 0.0202 | |||||
G58 | 0.033 ± 0.001 | 0.014 ± 0.005 | 0.0471 | |||||
G59 | 10 ± 3 | 10.4 | ||||||
G60 | 0 | |||||||
G61 | 0.613 ± 0.006 | 0.6133 | ||||||
G62 | 0 | |||||||
G63 | 0.31 ± 0.06 | 0.0220 ± 0.0003 | 0.332 | |||||
G64 | 0.062 ± 0.003 | 0.0621 | ||||||
G65 | 2356 ± 31 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 2355 | |||||
G66 | 1840 ± 102 | 0.033 ± 0.001 | 1840 | |||||
G67 | 0.077 ± 0.001 | 74.3 ± 0.2 | 74.4 |
PhEtOH | BHA | BHT | TCS | MeP | EtP | iPrP | PrP | iBuP | BzP | Total Content | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G1 | 0.29 ± 0.01 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 50 ± 11 | 1.2 ± 0.34 | 51.8 | ||||||
G2 | 0.012 ± 0.001 | 0.0121 | |||||||||
G3 | 0.009 ± 0.001 | 0.0099 | |||||||||
G4 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 23 ± 4 | 29 ± 3 | 3.92 ± 0.02 | 61 ± 1 | 118 | |||||
G5 | 2.5 ± 0.27 | 7.2 ± 0.9 | 9.84 | ||||||||
G6 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.06 | |||||||||
G7 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 1.81 | |||||||||
G8 | 72.5 ± 0.5 | 2.3 ± 0.45 | 74.8 | ||||||||
G9 | 2.5 ± 0.8 | 2.54 | |||||||||
G10 | 1.19 ± 0.01 | 150 ± 13 | 151 | ||||||||
G11 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 | |||||||||
G12 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | 0.654 | |||||||||
G13 | 245 ± 2 | 1.15 ± 0.01 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 2.6 ± 0.24 | 248 | ||||||
G14 | 0 | ||||||||||
G15 | 166 ± 15 | 0.58 ± 0.048 | 167 | ||||||||
G16 | 0.64 ± 0.05 | 4.5 ± 0.2 | 5.16 | ||||||||
G17 | 0.105 ± 0.002 | 62 ± 5 | 28 ± 3 | 90.8 | |||||||
G18 | 12.4 ± 0.8 | 12.4 | |||||||||
G19 | 0.10 ± 0.0010 | 2.57 ± 0.13 | 0.76 ± 0.03 | 23 ± 2 | 26.4 | ||||||
G20 | 3.6 ± 0.1 | 3.62 | |||||||||
G21 | 0.169 ± 0.003 | 40 ± 11 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 42.3 | |||||||
G22 | 10,477 ± 797 | 10,477 | |||||||||
G23 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.644 | |||||||||
G24 | 170 ± 1 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 1.05 ± 0.07 | 10 ± 1 | 48.81 ± 0.04 | 2.9 ± 0.30 | 233 | ||||
G25 | 0.5 ± 0.10 | 0.551 | |||||||||
G26 | 0 | ||||||||||
G27 | 0.097 ± 0.005 | 3.4 ± 0.7 | 3.53 | ||||||||
G28 | 0.034 ± 0.006 | 0.0348 | |||||||||
G29 | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 6.19 ± 0.04 | 0.088 ± 0.007 | 0.49 ± 0.015 | 4.24 ± 0.01 | 0.45 ± 0.01 | 11.6 | ||||
G30 | 0.18 ± 0.01 | 1.5 ± 0.25 | 1.73 | ||||||||
G31 | 9352 ± 19 | 9352 | |||||||||
G32 | 0.136 ± 0.001 | 0.0136 | |||||||||
G33 | 1.217 ± 0.098 | 5.4 ± 0.4 | 1.0 ± 0.19 | 7.71 | |||||||
G34 | 65 ± 36 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 66.6 | |||||||
G35 | 7908 ± 815 | 7908 | |||||||||
G36 | 16.3 ± 4.4 | 2.902 ± 0.076 | 1.142 ± 0.097 | 3.6 ± 0.2 | 24.0 | ||||||
G37 | 4 ± 1 | 3.8 | |||||||||
G38 | 0.260 ± 0.002 | 0.0125 ± 0.0010 | 6.3 ± 0.4 | 6.57 | |||||||
G39 | 3196 ± 871 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 3197 | ||||||||
G40 | 0 | ||||||||||
G41 | 0.55 ± 0.12 | 0.551 | |||||||||
G42 | 7.0 ± 2.0 | 5.94 ± 0.04 | 0.243 ± 0.008 | 13.2 | |||||||
G43 | 0.212 ± 0.065 | 1.6 ± 0.3 | 1.85 | ||||||||
G44 | 0.056 ± 0.007 | 4.4 ± 0.5 | 0.13 ± 0.013 | 4.60 | |||||||
G45 | 3.1 ± 0.4 | 3.18 | |||||||||
G46 | 0.6 ± 0.11 | 0.61 | |||||||||
G47 | 0 | ||||||||||
G48 | 1.6 ± 0.3 | 6.3 ± 0.87 | 7.96 | ||||||||
G49 | 13,735 ± 373 | 0.454 ± 0.001 | 0.151 ± 0.006 | 13,735 | |||||||
G50 | 19 ± 1 | 0.12 ± 0.02 | 0.003 ± 0.001 | 1.9 ± 0.7 | 15 ± 2 | 36.4 | |||||
G51 | 21 ± 3 | 0.57 ± 0.04 | 0.020 ± 0.002 | 0.32 ± 0.09 | 22 ± 2 | 0.3 ± 0.11 | 44.5 | ||||
G52 | 28 ± 7 | 28.8 | |||||||||
G53 | 8 ± 1 | 0.35 ± 0.07 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 7.0 ± 0.92 | 13.1 ± 0.6 | 29.7 | ||||
G54 | 9 ± 4 | 17.3 ± 0.2 | 26.0 | ||||||||
G55 | 20.0 ± 6.5 | 0.61 ± 0.07 | 5.4 ± 0.2 | 26.1 | |||||||
G56 | 5428 ± 104 | 1.21 ± 0.05 | 8 ±1 | 59 ± 15 | 5495 | ||||||
G57 | 3.4 ± 0.1 | 3.46 | |||||||||
G58 | 0.008 ± 0.002 | 0.0086 | |||||||||
G59 | 1.7 ± 0.5 | 1.76 | |||||||||
G60 | 0 | ||||||||||
G61 | 0.014 ± 0.001 | 0.0145 | |||||||||
G62 | 1.3 ± 0.10 | 4.68 ± 0.14 | 6.02 | ||||||||
G63 | 1.00 ± 0.069 | 0.0124 ± 0.0003 | 0.008 ± 0.001 | 0.50 ± 0.08 | 1.54 | ||||||
G64 | 0 | ||||||||||
G65 | 0.05 ± 0.017 | 0.13 ± 0.04 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.942 | |||||||
G66 | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.070 ± 0.003 | 0.14 ± 0.05 | 0.302 | |||||||
G67 | 4.3 ± 0.3 | 15 ± 3 | 19.3 |
DMP | DEP | DPP | DEHP | DMA | DEA | DEHA | Total Content | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G1 | 0.4 ± 0.13 | 0.22 ± 0.01 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 1.73 | ||||
G2 | 1.70 ± 0.07 | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 1.82 | |||||
G3 | 0.230 ± 0.0034 | 0.12 ± 0.03 | 0.22 ± 0.04 | 0.586 | ||||
G4 | 0.15 ± 0.02 | 0.155 | ||||||
G5 | 0.42 ± 0.05 | 0.114 ± 0.004 | 4.0 ± 0.1 | 4.61 | ||||
G6 | 0.59 ± 0.010 | 25.5 ± 0.92 | 26.1 | |||||
G7 | 3.2 ± 0.2 | 3.25 | ||||||
G8 | 0.19 ± 0.02 | 0.191 | ||||||
G9 | 10 ± 2 | 104 ± 7 | 113.8 | |||||
G10 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 1.87 | ||||||
G11 | 0 | |||||||
G12 | 0 | |||||||
G13 | 0.45 ± 0.010 | 1804 ± 123 | 0.15 ± 0.013 | 1804 | ||||
G14 | 0 | |||||||
G15 | 0 | |||||||
G16 | 0 | |||||||
G17 | 8.7 ± 1.2 | 8.7 | ||||||
G18 | 0 | |||||||
G19 | 0.53 ± 0.07 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.37 ± 0.02 | 3.09 | ||||
G20 | 8238 ±783 | 0.399 ± 0.007 | 8238 | |||||
G21 | 0 | |||||||
G22 | 0 | |||||||
G23 | 0.68 ± 0.30 | 0.68 | ||||||
G24 | 0 | |||||||
G25 | 0 | |||||||
G26 | 0 | |||||||
G27 | 0 | |||||||
G28 | 108 ± 4 | 0.098 ± 0.01 | 108 | |||||
G29 | 6.3 ± 0.3 | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 6.51 | |||||
G30 | 0.047 ± 0.0012 | 0.047 | ||||||
G31 | 0.63 ± 0.09 | 4888 ± 13 | 4888 | |||||
G32 | 6.5 ± 0.7 | 6.5 | ||||||
G33 | 0 | |||||||
G34 | 0.19 ± 0.05 | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 0.85 | |||||
G35 | 0 | |||||||
G36 | 0.24 ± 0.03 | 0.14 ± 0.036 | 0.56 ± 0.027 | 0.96 | ||||
G37 | 0 | |||||||
G38 | 8 ± 1 | 0.25 ± 0.045 | 8.58 | |||||
G39 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.14 ± 0.04 | 0.212 ± 0.005 | 0.010 ± 0.007 | 0.569 | |||
G40 | 0.231 ± 0.007 | 0.231 | ||||||
G41 | 0 | |||||||
G42 | 0 | |||||||
G43 | 0 | |||||||
G44 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.053 ± 0.001 | 0.957 | |||||
G45 | 2.8 ± 0.2 | 2.8 | ||||||
G46 | 0 | |||||||
G47 | 0 | |||||||
G48 | 0 | |||||||
G49 | 0 | |||||||
G50 | 0.79 ± 0.05 | 0.79 | ||||||
G51 | 0.16 ± 0.01 | 4 ± 1 | 2.1 ± 0.3 | 0.080 ± 0.001 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 7.79 | ||
G52 | 0 | |||||||
G53 | 1910 ± 106 | 12 ± 3 | 1922 | |||||
G54 | 0 | |||||||
G55 | 0 | |||||||
G56 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | 0.11 ± 0.02 | 0.19 ± 0.05 | 0.952 | ||||
G57 | 0 | |||||||
G58 | 0 | |||||||
G59 | 0 | |||||||
G60 | 0 | |||||||
G61 | 0.24 ± 0.02 | 0.24 | ||||||
G62 | 538 ± 4 | 538 | ||||||
G63 | 0.333 ± 0.094 | 0.333 | ||||||
G64 | 0 | |||||||
G65 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.050 | ||||||
G66 | 0.14 ± 0.06 | 1.77 ± 0.08 | 1.92 | |||||
G67 | 0 |
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Castiñeira-Landeira, A.; Vazquez, L.; Dagnac, T.; Celeiro, M.; Llompart, M. Allergens and Other Harmful Substances in Hydroalcoholic Gels: Compliance with Current Regulation. Methods Protoc. 2023, 6, 95. https://doi.org/10.3390/mps6050095
Castiñeira-Landeira A, Vazquez L, Dagnac T, Celeiro M, Llompart M. Allergens and Other Harmful Substances in Hydroalcoholic Gels: Compliance with Current Regulation. Methods and Protocols. 2023; 6(5):95. https://doi.org/10.3390/mps6050095
Chicago/Turabian StyleCastiñeira-Landeira, Ana, Lua Vazquez, Thierry Dagnac, Maria Celeiro, and María Llompart. 2023. "Allergens and Other Harmful Substances in Hydroalcoholic Gels: Compliance with Current Regulation" Methods and Protocols 6, no. 5: 95. https://doi.org/10.3390/mps6050095