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Volume 10
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Article

Correlation of Hand Grip Strength with Sleep Quality and Perception of General Health Status in University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

by
Jaime Ruiz-Tovar
1,2,*,
Jorge Mendoza
3,
Mathis Corral
3,
Tim Desgranges
2,
Marcela Marcial
2,
Alexandra Rivilla
2,
Noellia Perez
2,
Angel Sacedo
2,
María Simarro-Gonzalez
1,2 and
Ana Martin-Nieto
1,2
1
San Juan de Dios Foundation, 28036 Madrid, Spain
2
Health Sciences Department, San Juan de Dios School of Nursing and Physical Therapy, Comillas Pontifical University, 28036 Madrid, Spain
3
Physical Therapy Department, San Juan de Dios School of Nursing and Physical Therapy, Antonio de Nebrija University, 28036 Madrid, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2025, 10(2), 122; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk10020122 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 23 February 2025 / Revised: 1 April 2025 / Accepted: 3 April 2025 / Published: 5 April 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Kinesiology and Biomechanics)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Background/Objectives: The aims of this study were to establish the relationship between hand grip strength (HGS) and sleep disturbances, as well as to correlate HGS with the perception of general health status. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Physical Therapy students. Participants completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form (IPAQ-SF), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). HGS was measured using a dynamometer and self-reported anonymously. Results: A total of 145 students participated (58.6% males; mean age: 21.0 ± 3.9 years). The average HGS was 42.4 kg in the dominant hand and 39.2 kg in the non-dominant one. Poor subjective sleep quality was reported by 27.5%; 84.1% slept less than 7 h. GHQ-12 scores indicated that 31.7% may be experiencing emotional distress. HGS was inversely correlated with PSQI scores in both dominant (ρ = –0.211; p = 0.019) and non-dominant hands (ρ = –0.178; p = 0.049). Students with GHQ-12 scores >12 had significantly lower HGS. No significant correlation was found between HGS and physical activity intensity. Conclusions: Lower hand grip strength was correlated with poor sleep quality and higher GHQ-12 scores, independently of physical activity levels. These findings suggest that HGS may serve as a simple and accessible indicator of psychological vulnerability in university students.
Keywords: sleep quality; emotional disorders; hand grip strength; physical activity; physical therapy; Pittsburgh sleep quality index questionnaire; GHQ-12; IPAQ; dynamometer sleep quality; emotional disorders; hand grip strength; physical activity; physical therapy; Pittsburgh sleep quality index questionnaire; GHQ-12; IPAQ; dynamometer

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ruiz-Tovar, J.; Mendoza, J.; Corral, M.; Desgranges, T.; Marcial, M.; Rivilla, A.; Perez, N.; Sacedo, A.; Simarro-Gonzalez, M.; Martin-Nieto, A. Correlation of Hand Grip Strength with Sleep Quality and Perception of General Health Status in University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2025, 10, 122. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk10020122

AMA Style

Ruiz-Tovar J, Mendoza J, Corral M, Desgranges T, Marcial M, Rivilla A, Perez N, Sacedo A, Simarro-Gonzalez M, Martin-Nieto A. Correlation of Hand Grip Strength with Sleep Quality and Perception of General Health Status in University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology. 2025; 10(2):122. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk10020122

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ruiz-Tovar, Jaime, Jorge Mendoza, Mathis Corral, Tim Desgranges, Marcela Marcial, Alexandra Rivilla, Noellia Perez, Angel Sacedo, María Simarro-Gonzalez, and Ana Martin-Nieto. 2025. "Correlation of Hand Grip Strength with Sleep Quality and Perception of General Health Status in University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study" Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 10, no. 2: 122. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk10020122

APA Style

Ruiz-Tovar, J., Mendoza, J., Corral, M., Desgranges, T., Marcial, M., Rivilla, A., Perez, N., Sacedo, A., Simarro-Gonzalez, M., & Martin-Nieto, A. (2025). Correlation of Hand Grip Strength with Sleep Quality and Perception of General Health Status in University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, 10(2), 122. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk10020122

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