Abstract
Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)—gefitinib and erlotinib—have recently been used as a therapeutic option in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients relapsing after first- or second-line chemotherapy. We report here a case of long-term remission in an elderly, non-smoking woman with advanced NSCLC after chemotherapy failure, who was selected for erlotinib therapy using demographic and clinical criteria. Based on this example and on the literature data we discuss the need for careful patient selection for this new therapeutic method.