Submit to ARM Review for ARM

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

► Journal Browser

Adv. Respir. Med., Volume 93, Issue 5 (October 2025) – 6 articles

Issues are regarded as officially published after their release is announced to the table of contents alert mailing list.
You may sign up for e-mail alerts to receive table of contents of newly released issues.
PDF is the official format for papers published in both, html and pdf forms. To view the papers in pdf format, click on the "PDF Full-text" link, and use the free Adobe Reader to open them.

Order results

Result details

Show export options Show export options

Select all

Export citation of selected articles as:

17 pages, 724 KB

Open AccessArticle

FeNO 350 mL/s: Unlocking the Small Airways to Achieve Clinical Remission in Severe Asthma—A Pilot Study

by Vitaliano Nicola Quaranta, Andrea Portacci, Leonardo Maselli, Marta Tornesello, Maria Granito, Gennaro Rociola, Silvano Dragonieri and Giovanna Elisiana Carpagnano

Adv. Respir. Med. 2025, 93(5), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/arm93050037 - 17 Sep 2025

Viewed by 81

Abstract

Background: Several studies focused on the importance of managing small airways disease in the treatment of severe asthma, whose improvement can improve respiratory symptoms, lung function, and airways inflammation, potentially reaching the objective of clinical remission. Methods: Twenty-five patients with severe asthma and without bronchiectasis were enrolled. They were started on biological therapies with Omalizumab, Dupilumab, Benralizumab or Mepolizumab. Follow-up evaluations were conducted at baseline (T0) and after one year of biological therapy (T1). Assessments included clinical evaluations, spirometry, questionnaires, and inflammatory markers. Results: Predictive analysis identified baseline FeNO 350 mL/s levels as a significant predictor of clinical remission in both univariable and multivariable analysis. Higher FeNO 350 mL/s levels at T0 were associated with an increased likelihood of achieving remission (p = 0.012). The optimal cutoff value for FeNO 350 mL/s was determined to be 18 ppb, based on the Younden Index. Conclusions: Following patients with severe asthma on biological therapy for one year, FeNO 350 mL/s could be used as a predictive factor of clinical remission, highlighting its importance as inflammatory marker not only in small airways disease, but also in predicting clinical remission in severe asthmatic patients. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

7 pages, 348 KB

Open AccessBrief Report

Detecting Airway Involvement in Non-Asthmatic Eosinophilic Disorders: Diagnostic Utility of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO)

by Nicolas Raoul, Lucie Laurent, Ophélie Ritter, Pauline Roux-Claudé, Faraj Al Freijat, Nadine Magy-Bertrand, Virginie Westeel and Cindy Barnig

Adv. Respir. Med. 2025, 93(5), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/arm93050036 - 16 Sep 2025

Viewed by 140

Abstract

Airway involvement in eosinophilic disorders other than asthma is not well-defined, and the symptoms may be overshadowed by other more prominent eosinophilic extra-respiratory manifestations. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in diagnosing eosinophilic airway involvement in patients with persistent eosinophilia (>0.5 × 10⁹/L). We conducted a retrospective analysis of adult patients with confirmed peripheral blood eosinophilia (>0.5 × 10⁹/L) on at least two occasions one month apart. Patients with blood eosinophilia associated with known eosinophilic airway inflammatory diseases were excluded from the study. Pulmonary function testing, spirometry, and FeNO measurement were conducted. A total of 14 patients with various eosinophil-related disorders were identified, with a mean age of 65.7 years. Increased FeNO levels were associated with airflow obstruction and clinical symptoms such as coughing and wheezing. Notably, eosinophil levels were not predictive of eosinophilic airway involvement. FeNO could be a useful diagnostic tool for detecting bronchial eosinophilic airway inflammation in non-asthmatic disorders, thereby enabling appropriate treatment. Further studies with larger cohorts are needed to validate these findings. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

33 pages, 1193 KB

Open AccessReview

Bronchial Artery Embolisation in Haemoptysis Management: A Scoping Review with Emphasis on Embolic Materials and Indications

by Anna Ziętarska, Adam Dobek, Anna Sawina, Piotr Białek, Sebastian Majewski and Ludomir Stefańczyk

Adv. Respir. Med. 2025, 93(5), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/arm93050035 - 12 Sep 2025

Viewed by 280

Abstract

Haemoptysis is an alarming symptom of a wide spectrum of underlying diseases, ranging from indolent chronic conditions to life-threatening states. Among the strategies to manage pulmonary bleeding is bronchial artery embolisation (BAE), an interventional radiology procedure. The objective of this scoping review was to map the current evidence on embolic agents used in BAE for haemoptysis management, with a focus on their clinical applications, and decision-making factors. Studies published between 2019 and 2024 were included if they specified the embolic material used and reported outcomes of BAE in adult patients. Data were extracted from PubMed and charted according to embolic agent type, recurrence rate, and clinical context. Thirty-one studies met the eligibility criteria. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) remains the most widely studied agent, comparable in efficacy to more homogeneous microspheres. Gelatin sponges (GS), though biodegradable, are well-documented and affordable, making them a common choice. N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) is highly effective for small vessels and may offer lower recurrence rates. Coils are valuable in proximal embolisation and severe cases. This review highlights the need for individualised embolisation strategies and updated guidelines for material selection, considering clinical context, vascular anatomy, and recurrence rates. The findings aim to support evidence-based decision-making in interventional radiology practice. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

22 pages, 3915 KB

Open AccessArticle

The Safety and Performance of a Novel Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Device in a Long-Term Ovine Model

by Yongchao Li, Lei Cai, Jia Huang, Hongbin Gao, Zhongqiang Huang, Yalun Guan, Yunfeng Li, Shuhua Liu, Shi Liang, Summer Xiatian Li, Hongzhou Lu, Ge Li, Yijiang Li and Yu Zhang

Adv. Respir. Med. 2025, 93(5), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/arm93050034 - 9 Sep 2025

Viewed by 701

Abstract

Since extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is primarily used for patients in a high-risk state and is an invasive procedure, its unique application scenarios make it difficult to recruit suitable cases for clinical trials. Therefore, large animal models have become one of the most important models for preclinical evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of ECMO. This study aims to assess the safety and performance of a novel portable ECMO device with Small-tail Han sheep. Fifteen sheep were divided into a test group (LIFEMOTION, Chinabridge, Shenzhen, China) and control group (NOVALUNG XLUNG kit 230, Xonis, Heilbronn, Germany) with veno-venous ECMO (VV-ECMO) and veno-arterial ECMO (VA-ECMO) modes. Tracheal intubation, arteriovenous access, and ECMO support were performed. Vital signs and blood laboratory tests of the subjects were monitored and recorded. The main organs were examined pathologically at the end of day fourteen. The serum protein expression profile was analyzed by protein quantification techniques. All sheep were successfully weaned from ECMO without transfusion or cannula complications. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of vital signs, oxygenation, hemodynamic stability, and physiological function (p > 0.05). According to the serum protein expression profile, no significant biomarkers associated with ECMO clinical complications were identified. The LIFEMOTION ECMO device demonstrated good safety and efficacy. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 585 KB

Open AccessArticle

Test–Retest Reliability and Minimal Detectable Change of the 6-Minute Step Test and 1-Minute Sit-to-Stand Test in Post-COVID-19 Patients

by Patchareeya Amput, Weerasak Tapanya, Sirima Wongphon, Krittin Naravejsakul and Thanakorn Sritiyot

Adv. Respir. Med. 2025, 93(5), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/arm93050033 - 8 Sep 2025

Viewed by 268

Abstract

Background: This study aims to determine test–retest reliability and to calculate minimal detectable change (MDC) scores for the functional capacity of the 6-minute step test (6MST) and 1 min sit-to-stand test (1-min-STST), and compare these outcomes with the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) in post-COVID-19 patients. Methods: A total of 42 post-COVID-19 patients aged 18 years or older were recruited for this study. The post-COVID-19 patients were investigated for cardiovascular response parameters induced by a 6MWT, 6MST, and 1-min-STST on two different days, with a five-day interval between the first and second days. Results: The test–retest reliability obtained between the initial measurement and the measurement recorded five days later in the post-COVID-19 patients was excellent for all three of the 6MWT, 6MST, and 1-min-STST. The ICC of the 6MWT was 0.97 with MDC95 at 5.57%. The ICC of the 6MST was 0.93 with MDC95 at 12.21%, while, the ICC of the 1-min-STST was 0.96 with MDC95 at 3.61%. Conclusions: The 6MST and 1-min-STST were valid and acceptable for the evaluation of functional capacity in post- COVID-19 patients and can be used to investigate whether each post-COVID-19 patient had made significant improvement in a clinical setting. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 1633 KB

Open AccessArticle

Machine Learning-Driven Lung Sound Analysis: Novel Methodology for Asthma Diagnosis

by Ihsan Topaloglu, Gulfem Ozduygu, Cagri Atasoy, Guntug Batıhan, Damla Serce, Gulsah Inanc, Mutlu Onur Güçsav, Arif Metehan Yıldız, Turker Tuncer, Sengul Dogan and Prabal Datta Barua

Adv. Respir. Med. 2025, 93(5), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/arm93050032 - 4 Sep 2025

Viewed by 534

Abstract

Introduction: Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease characterized by variable airflow limitation and intermittent symptoms. In well-controlled asthma, auscultation and spirometry often appear normal, making diagnosis challenging. Moreover, bronchial provocation tests carry a risk of inducing acute bronchoconstriction. This study aimed to develop a non-invasive, objective, and reproducible diagnostic method using machine learning-based lung sound analysis for the early detection of asthma, even during stable periods. Methods: We designed a machine learning algorithm to classify controlled asthma patients and healthy individuals using respiratory sounds recorded with a digital stethoscope. We enrolled 120 participants (60 asthmatic, 60 healthy). Controlled asthma was defined according to Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) criteria and was supported by normal spirometry, no pathological auscultation findings, and no exacerbations in the past three months. A total of 3600 respiratory sound segments (each 3 s long) were obtained by dividing 90 s recordings from 120 participants (60 asthmatic, 60 healthy) into non-overlapping clips. The samples were analyzed using Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs) and Tunable Q-Factor Wavelet Transform (TQWT). Significant features selected with ReliefF were used to train Quadratic Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Narrow Neural Network (NNN) models. Results: In 120 participants, pulmonary function test (PFT) results in the asthma group showed lower FEV1 (86.9 ± 5.7%) and FEV1/FVC ratios (86.1 ± 8.8%) compared to controls, but remained within normal ranges. Quadratic SVM achieved 99.86% accuracy, correctly classifying 99.44% of controls and 99.89% of asthma cases. Narrow Neural Network achieved 99.63% accuracy. Sensitivity, specificity, and F1-scores exceeded 99%. Conclusion: This machine learning-based algorithm provides accurate asthma diagnosis, even in patients with normal spirometry and clinical findings, offering a non-invasive and efficient diagnostic tool. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options Show export options

Select all

Export citation of selected articles as:

Displaying articles 1-6

Previous Issue

Volume 93, August

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

Adv. Respir. Med., Volume 93, Issue 5 (October 2025) – 6 articles

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI