Use of Conyza canadensis L. Extracts as Biostimulant in Cyclamen persicum Mill.
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Location
2.2. Obtaining and Growing Cyclamen
2.3. Cultivation and Obtaining C. canadensis Extract
2.4. SPAD Index Measures
2.5. Biomass Measurements and Number of Leaves
2.6. Determination of Gas Exchange Rates
2.7. LC-MS/MS and GC-MS Analysis
2.8. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Gas Exchange Parameters
3.2. SPAD Index Assessment
3.3. Biomass and Leaf Quantity Measurements
3.4. Identification of Bioactive Compounds
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Entry | m/z Experimental | m/z Calculated | Error (ppm) | iFit | Retention Time | Proposed Formula | Compound Class | Compound |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 193.0494 | 193.0501 | −3.6 | 0 | 6.26 | C10H10O4 | Phenolic | Ferulic acid a,b |
2 | 199.0613 | 199.0606 | 3.5 | 0 | 1.14 | C9H10O5 | Phenolic | Syringic acid a |
3 | 209.0789 | 209.0814 | −12 | 0 | 9.00 | C11H14O4 | Phenolic | Ethyl 2,4-dihydroxy-5,6-dimethylbenzoate a |
4 | 215.1287 | 215.1283 | 1.9 | 0 | 14.46 | C11H20O4 | Carboxilic acid | Undecanedioic acid a |
5 | 229.0861 | 229.0865 | −1.7 | 0 | 9.04 | C14H12O3 | Phenolic | Resveratrol a |
6 | 229.1436 | 229.1440 | −1.7 | 0.2 | 16.10 | C12H22O4 | Carboxilic acid | Dodecanedioic acid a |
7 | 245.0798 | 245.0814 | −6.5 | 0.9 | 14.10 | C14H12O4 | Phenolic | trans-piacetannol a |
8 | 291.0864 | 291.0869 | −1.7 | 0.6 | 6.20 | C15H14O6 | Phenolic (flavonoid) | Epicathechin a |
9 | 341.1108 | 341.1084 | 7 | 0 | 13.99 | C12H22O11 | Disaccharide | Sucrose a |
10 | 577.1339 | 577.1346 | −1.2 | 0.7 | 10.20 | C30H24O12 | Phenolic (flavonoid) | Procianidin a |
11 | 607.1677 | 607.1663 | 2.3 | 0.1 | 6.30 | C28H32O15 | Phenolic (glycoside flavonoid) | Sorbifolin 6-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl(1′′′→6′′)-β-glucopyranoside a |
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Batista, E.R.; May, A.; Procópio, S.O.; Assalin, M.R.; Quevedo, H.D.; Binhardi, N.; Queiroz, S.C.N. Use of Conyza canadensis L. Extracts as Biostimulant in Cyclamen persicum Mill. AgriEngineering 2024, 6, 2926-2940. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering6030168
Batista ER, May A, Procópio SO, Assalin MR, Quevedo HD, Binhardi N, Queiroz SCN. Use of Conyza canadensis L. Extracts as Biostimulant in Cyclamen persicum Mill. AgriEngineering. 2024; 6(3):2926-2940. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering6030168
Chicago/Turabian StyleBatista, Eunice R., Andre May, Sergio O. Procópio, Marcia R. Assalin, Helio D. Quevedo, Nicole Binhardi, and Sonia C. N. Queiroz. 2024. "Use of Conyza canadensis L. Extracts as Biostimulant in Cyclamen persicum Mill." AgriEngineering 6, no. 3: 2926-2940. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering6030168