Optimal Adaptive Modeling of Hydrogen Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells Based on Meta-Heuristic Algorithms Considering the Membrane Aging Factor
Round 1
Reviewer 1 Report
Comments and Suggestions for AuthorsThis article proposes an adaptive modeling method for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) based on the Wild Horse Optimization Algorithm (WHO). The author first conducted a comparative analysis of 9 metaheuristic algorithms on the modeling problem of 250W PEMFC, demonstrating the superiority of the WHO algorithm in terms of accuracy and computation time. Subsequently, the WHO algorithm was applied to the modeling of three different power levels of commercial PEMFCs (Nedstack-PS6 6kW, Temasek 1kW, Ballard-Mark-V 5kW), further validating the effectiveness of the method. Research has shown that the WHO based adaptive modeling method can accurately reflect the dynamic changes in the aging process of PEMFC, and has a low computational burden, making it suitable for online applications.
suggests:
1. It is recommended to supplement a complete equivalent circuit diagram of PEMFC in the quasi empirical model section of section 2.1.2, which will help readers better understand the physical meanings of various loss terms in the model.
2. Regarding the performance evaluation of the WHO algorithm, although the article conducted statistical analysis, it is recommended to add content on convergence analysis. Especially the convergence performance of the algorithm under different initial population sizes and maximum iteration times is of great reference value for practical applications.
3. In the model validation section, it is recommended to supplement the cross validation results under different operating conditions (such as different temperatures and pressures) to more comprehensively demonstrate the robustness of the proposed method. This is necessary for verifying the generalization ability of the model.
4. The data used in the article are all from published literature. It is suggested that the author consider adding a set of experimental data for verification, which will further enhance the persuasiveness of this article.
5. Some sentences in the text need improvement. Try not to use relative clauses and use short sentences to describe them.
Some sentences in the text need improvement. Try not to use relative clauses and use short sentences to describe them.
Author Response
Comments 1: It is recommended to supplement a complete equivalent circuit diagram of PEMFC in the quasi empirical model section of section 2.1.2, which will help readers better understand the physical meanings of various loss terms in the model.
Response 1: The authors are thankful to the reviewer. Depending on your valuable comments, a complete equivalent circuit diagram of PEMFC is added and modifications are highlighted.
Comments 2: Regarding the performance evaluation of the WHO algorithm, although the article conducted statistical analysis, it is recommended to add content on convergence analysis. Especially the convergence performance of the algorithm under different initial population sizes and maximum iteration times is of great reference value for practical applications.
Response 2: The authors would like to express their gratitude for the reviewer's notes. Depending on your valuable comments, a further convergence analysis is performed under different initial population sizes (20, 15, 10, 5) and maximum iteration times (500, 400, 300, 200, 100). The resulted figures confirmed the reliability of the method to effectively operates under minimum population sizes and maximum iteration. The modifications are highlighted at line 375.
Comments 3: In the model validation section, it is recommended to supplement the cross validation results under different operating conditions (such as different temperatures and pressures) to more comprehensively demonstrate the robustness of the proposed method. This is necessary for verifying the generalization ability of the model.
Response 3: The authors would like to express their appreciation to the reviewer's notes. Depending on your valuable comments, the proposed method is adapted to develop models under different operating conditions. The developed polarization curves showing the reliability of the proposed method are displayed and modifications are highlighted.
Comments 4: The data used in the article are all from published literature. It is suggested that the author consider adding a set of experimental data for verification, which will further enhance the persuasiveness of this article.
Response 4: The authors would like to express their deep appreciation and sincere gratitude to the reviewer's notice. Depending on your valuable advice, this will be taken into consideration in future work.
Comments 5: Comments on the Quality of English Language.
Some sentences in the text need improvement. Try not to use relative clauses and use short sentences to describe them.
Response 5: The authors are thankful to the reviewer's notice. Depending on your valuable advice, a proofreading of the manuscript is performed and modifications are highlighted.
Reviewer 2 Report
Comments and Suggestions for AuthorsThe study employs a comprehensive methodological approach, comparing several meta-heuristic algorithms and evaluating them on the basis of both accuracy and computational efficiency. But authors need to pay attention to following comments to improve manuscript quality.
Page 1 line 34. Another advantage is PEMFC can operate at different humidity. Some type of PEMFCs is focusing on low RH operation. Authors can refer https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.231375
Were there specific computational constraints or limits set when comparing the WHO with other algorithms? For instance, were all algorithms run with identical population and iteration settings to ensure fairness?
How adaptable is the WHO approach to different types of PEMFC stacks beyond the three commercial models tested? What would be required to generalize the model to other fuel cell configurations?
Author Response
Comments 1: Page 1 line 34. Another advantage is PEMFC can operate at different humidity. Some type of PEMFCs is focusing on low RH operation. Authors can refer https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.231375
Response 1: The authors would like to express their appreciation to the reviewer's notice. Depending on your valuable comments, the advantage is added and the recommended literature is cited. The modification is highlighted at line 36.
Comments 2: Were there specific computational constraints or limits set when comparing the WHO with other algorithms? For instance, were all algorithms run with identical population and iteration settings to ensure fairness?
Response 2: The authors would like to express their gratitude for the reviewer's notes. Depending on your valuable comments, the only constraints fed to the algorithms is the boundary conditions of the quasi-empirical model parameters that are common and found in Table 1 at line 282, all algorithms are planned to operate for 100 separate runs under the same conditions (population size = 20 and maximum iterations = 500) for fairness. This is explained in line 333.
Comments 3: How adaptable is the WHO approach to different types of PEMFC stacks beyond the three commercial models tested? What would be required to generalize the model to other fuel cell configurations?
Response 3: The authors would like to express their appreciation to the reviewer's notice. The WHO based method is designed to adapt the specifications and recommended operating conditions of any PEMFC device to the algorithm code. This makes it easy to input the data of any PEMFC to develop its accurate model.
Reviewer 3 Report
Comments and Suggestions for AuthorsOptimal Adaptive Modeling of Hydrogen Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells Based on Meta-Heuristic Algorithms Considering the Membrane Aging Factor, Mohamed Ahmed Ali, Mohey Eldin Mandour and Mohammed Elsayed Lotfy
For Authors & Editors
General Comments
It is no clear for me how the Optimal membrane aging factor is considered in the cases under study.
Line 131
PEMFC is an electro-chemical device that efficiently converts chemical energy to electrical energy according to its membrane reactions. The electrochemical reactions are performed on the catalyst surface, not in the membrane, whose function is to allow the proton transport from the anode to the cathode.
Line 134
From the figure it is clear that the hydrogen is fed through the anode inlets to reach the surface of catalytic material of the electrode, which activate the membrane reaction. There is no membrane reaction, there are electrochemical reactions located in the catalyst surface.
Comments on the Quality of English LanguageLanguage comments
Language improvement is needed. Some examples:
Line 11
An efficient adaptive modeling criterion for the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is proposed in this paper, which can help for precise simulation, design, analysis and control of PEMFC. In this work, a number of state-of-the-art algorithms have been adapted to optimize the complex electrochemical PEMFC model.
Suggested: repetitive expression, you can avoid it for example: An efficient adaptive modeling criterion for the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is proposed in this paper, which can help for its precise simulation, design, analysis and control.
Line 16
Here in a novel technique of PEMFC modeling is proposed based on a meta-heu-16 ristic optimization algorithm called Wild horse optimizer (WHO).
Suggested: Here, a novel technique of PEMFC modeling is proposed based on a meta-heu-16 ristic optimization algorithm called Wild Horse Optimizer (WHO).
Line 32
Among of all types of fuel cells,
Among all types of fuel cells,
Line 36
PEMFC have become a reputable integral in many power systems solutions such as; space crafts, electromotive applications, stationary renewable energy system
PEMFC have become a reputable integral in many power systems solutions such as space crafts, electromotive applications, and stationary renewable energy system
aforementioned conditions make 44
Line 45
The aforementioned conditions make the PEMFC modeling a challenging process and necessitate the development of adaptive models that is able to mimic the PEMFC performance along its lifetime.
The aforementioned conditions make the PEMFC modeling a challenging process and necessitate the development of adaptive models that are able to mimic the PEMFC performance along its lifetime.
Line 57
The polarization curve or the voltage-current (V-I) characteristics in quasi-empirical models utilizes such operating factors like; pressures and flow rates of hydrogen, oxygen, water inside the membrane in addition to the operating temperature of the cell.
Suggested: The polarization curve, or voltage-current (V-I) one, characteristic in quasi-empirical models, utilizes operating factors like pressures and flow rates of hydrogen and oxygen, water inside the membrane, or operating temperature of the cell.
Line 137
electrons which flows in the electrical external circuit.
electrons which flow in the electrical external circuit.
Line 146
Amphlett et al
Amphlett et al. (abbreviation for the Latin phrase et alia, which means "and others").
Author Response
Comments 1: It is no clear for me how the Optimal membrane aging factor is considered in the cases under study.
Response 1: The authors would like to express their appreciation to the reviewer's notice. Depending on your valuable comments, the aging factor of the membrane affects the performance of the cell along its lifetime. So it is taken into consideration the necessity of updating the model in real time. The updating mechanism of the method depends on measuring the PEMFC terminal voltage-current during a full cycle of operation; thereafter the aggregated data set is compared to the original characteristics data of the cell to explore any variation in the cell performance. The result of this comparison activates/deactivates the method to develop an updated model. The proposed method is designed to accomplish this mission with high accuracy and minimal computational burden. This is explained at line 283.
Comments 2: Language improvement is needed.
Response 2: The authors would like to express their deep appreciation and sincere gratitude to the reviewer's notes. Depending on your valuable advice, all of your generous suggests are considered and a proofreading of the manuscript is performed and modifications are highlighted.
Round 2
Reviewer 1 Report
Comments and Suggestions for AuthorsThe author has made careful revisions and the manuscript now meets the requirements. I think it can be accepted and published.
Reviewer 2 Report
Comments and Suggestions for AuthorsThe author has revised it as suggested, and my opinion is to accept it.
Reviewer 3 Report
Comments and Suggestions for AuthorsThank you authors for accepting my suggestions.
