NeuroSci, Volume 6, Issue 4

Background: Innovative treatments for lung cancer patients have significantly improved their lives. Therefore, patients who develop brain metastases are more likely to require management of quality of life (QoL) by reducing pathological decline in br...

Background/aim: Vitamin D (VitD) has been implicated in neuroprotection, yet its role in Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between VitD status, supplementation,...

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) affect the heart and blood vessels. Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) highlights the interaction between the heart and kidneys, worsening the clinical course. Assessing renal function is essential for risk stratific...

This study evaluated participation outcomes one year after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) compared with matched healthy controls and identified factors associated with participation within the patient group. Forty aSAH survivors and sevent...

The journal retracts the article “Cytotoxic Effect of Amyloid-β1-42 Oligomers on Endoplasmic Reticulum and Golgi Apparatus Arrangement in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells” [...]

Ever since the discovery that neuronal tissue can utilize lactate as an aerobic substrate for mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, a debate has ensued between those who have questioned the importance of lactate in brain energy metab...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances are persistent environmental contaminants increasingly implicated in neurotoxicity. Establishing causality and mechanisms relevant to Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis req...

Background: Glioblastomas (GBMs) in eloquent areas, particularly within the motor system, represent a significant surgical challenge due to the risk of postoperative neurological deficits. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a structured preope...

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) frequently causes subtle brain changes that are difficult to detect with conventional diagnostic approaches. In this exploratory pilot study, we combined tri-exponential intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and pseud...

Several recent studies have utilized neuroimaging to delineate the localization and function of brain regions involved in language. However, many uncertainties persist regarding the organization of the linguistic system in the human brain. The aim of...

Stroke is the second-largest cause of death and disability worldwide, and many patients require intensive care for airway compromise, hemodynamic instability, cerebral edema, or systemic complications. This review summarizes key aspects of ICU manage...

Neuropsychiatric interest in the relationship between glucose metabolism and criminal behavior dates back nearly a century. In particular, hypoglycemia was thought to play a causative role in some criminal acts, especially non-planned incidents invol...

Background: The skin-to-transverse process distance (st) correlates with the skin-to-dural sac depth (d) and may be used to estimate optimal angles for perpendicular needle insertion using the formula inverse cosine d/√(1 + d²), as outlined in...

The rising prevalence of neuroimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis and fibromyalgia has renewed interest in the hygiene hypothesis, which posits that reduced early-life microbial exposure deprives the immune system of formative “noise&rd...

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition. Diagnosing ASD in adults, especially in milder forms, remains challenging due to camouflaging strategies, adaptive behaviors, and frequent psychia...

A comprehensive study of the contribution of dysfunction AKT/mTOR signaling to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia is needed. The aim of the study is to determine the expression of the protein kinase AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in peripheral mononuclear...

Duropathies encompass a spectrum of disorders linked to spinal dural tears and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, resulting in significant neurological manifestations. This review synthesizes the current literature on duropathies, focusing on their ana...

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) represents a cluster of adult-onset neurodegenerative diseases resulting from a combination of genetic and epigenetic factors. Currently, treatment is symptomatic and there are no licensed disease-modifying therapies ava...

Intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) has developed from a rudimentary adjunct into a versatile modality that now plays a crucial role in neurosurgery. Offering real-time, radiation-free and repeatable imaging at the surgical site, it provides distinct ad...

Categorical liaison—defined as the obligatory pronunciation of a latent word in the form of a final consonant when followed by a vowel as the initial word or a word beginning with a silent “h” (e.g., des‿ours [dezuʁs])&md...

Background: Patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) frequently experience dysphagia, which affects their quality of life. The swallowing disturbance questionnaire (SDQ) has demonstrated potential in screening dysphagia in different disorders. The obj...

Microcephaly with early-onset, intractable seizures, and developmental delay (MCSZ) is a rare inherited neurological disorder caused by biallelic loss-of-function variants in the polynucleotide kinase/phosphatase (PNKP) gene, which encodes an enzyme...

Background: Cognitive impairment after stroke often reduces independence and quality of life. Cognitive rehabilitation is therefore essential, and recent research on computer-based interventions has shown promising results. This proof-of-concept stud...

Behavior is not a mere sequence of responses to stimuli but the dynamic expression of internal processes such as planning, prediction, valuation, and inference. These functions arise from distributed and metabolically costly neural systems and are be...

Atypical parkinsonian disorders—progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), and multiple system atrophy (MSA)—are rare, rapidly progressive neurodegenerative syndromes characterized by distinct molecular patholo...

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a cytosolic DNA sensor that activates type I interferon (IFN) signaling, which plays a key role in neuroinflammation. Although the role of STING in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of...

Since its introduction, the construct of executive functions (EFs) has been associated with a set of tests to assess these functions and a brain network centered in the associative frontal brain regions. While the majority of perspectives have endors...

Background: Neural efficiency theory proposes that expert athletes optimize brain resource allocation and functioning. Beta band oscillations are associated with attention, motor preparation, and emotional control, reflecting adaptive patterns of red...

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that entails high costs, progressive disability, and reduced quality of life (QoL). Telerehabilitation (TR), supported by new technologies, is emerging as an alternative or...

Different neurodegenerative diseases display varying etiologies and phenotypes, reflecting region-specific neurodegeneration [...]

Background/Objectives: The glymphatic system is a recently characterized glial-dependent waste clearance pathway in the brain, which makes use of perivascular spaces for cerebrospinal fluid exchange. Diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the periva...

Background: The Coma Recovery Scale–Revised (CRS-R) is the gold standard for diagnosing chronic disorders of consciousness (DoC); however, its clinical utility is limited by lengthy administration and the need for specialized training. The Simp...

Until recently, research on the pathobiological substrate of psychosis has been focused on neurotransmitter perturbations. However, this scope has expanded to include new fields, such as the immune/redox/metabolic/neuroendocrine/stress systems. Indee...

This study aims to investigate whether a combined action observation–motor imagery practice may enhance the effects of conventional physical rehabilitation in a stroke survivor population. A total of 8 (7 male, 1 female) post-stroke patients wi...

Background: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are distinct neurological conditions that may share genetic and molecular underpinnings. ADHD, a neurodevelopmental disorder, affects approximately 5% of c...

The extracranial–intracranial (EC–IC) bypass is a complex neurosurgical procedure performed for cerebral flow augmentation or flow replacement. Anesthetic management of these patients poses significant challenges due to the delicate balan...

Background: Sciatic nerve schwannomas are rare benign tumors that can develop along the nerve’s course, from the pelvis to the thigh. Giant schwannomas, defined as those exceeding 5 cm, are particularly rare and may alter the tumor’s anat...

Background: The consequences of median nerve compression at the carpal tunnel level require a precise diagnostic evaluation before a frequently applied surgical intervention. Positive Tinel or Phalen signs are not always related to abnormal results i...

Patients with Parkinson’s disease frequently suffer from complicated anxiety disorders that are entwined with their attitudes and behaviors. In regard to this population, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been attracting an increasing amou...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI), even when mild, has been associated with the presence of depression. Depression is a mood disorder characterized by persistent negative thoughts and sadness and is challenging to treat due to the multiple mechanisms invo...