Impact of Aerosols on Surface Solar Radiation and Solar Energy in the Mediterranean Basin †
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Data and Methodology
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Aeorol Optical Depth Intercomparison
3.2. Aerosol Direct Radiative Effect
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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AERONET Site | Country | Latitude | Longitude | Elevation (m) | Time Period (Years) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Burjassot | Spain | 40° N | 0° W | 104 | 11 |
Carpentras | France | 44° N | 5° E | 107 | 13 |
Evora | Portugal | 39° N | 8° W | 293 | 11 |
Granada | Spain | 37° N | 4° W | 680 | 13 |
Lecce University | Italy | 40° N | 18° E | 30 | 18 |
OHP Observatoire 1 | France | 44° N | 6° E | 680 | 11 |
Sede Boker | Israel | 31° N | 35° E | 480 | 17 |
Parameter | Source | Spatial Resolution | Temporal Resolution |
---|---|---|---|
AOD | MODIS | 0.1° × 0.1° | 1 day |
CAMS | 0.4° × 0.4° | 3 h | |
AERONET | Station | 10–15 min | |
SSA & AE | MACv2 | 1° × 1° | 1 month |
AERONET | Station | 10–15 min |
AERONET Station | AERONET | CAMS | MODIS | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AOD | SSAAER 1 | AOD | SSAMACv2 2 | AOD | SSAMACv2 | |
Burjassot | 0.14 | 0.91 | 0.13 | 0.94 | 0.13 | 0.94 |
Carpentras | 0.12 | 0.89 | 0.15 | 0.94 | 0.14 | 0.94 |
Evora | 0.10 | 0.90 | 0.12 | 0.95 | 0.08 | 0.95 |
Granada | 0.13 | 0.88 | 0.14 | 0.94 | 0.17 | 0.94 |
Lecce University | 0.16 | 0.93 | 0.19 | 0.93 | 0.15 | 0.93 |
OHB Observatoire | 0.09 | 0.91 | 0.13 | 0.94 | 0.09 | 0.94 |
Sede Boker | 0.18 | 0.91 | 0.28 | 0.93 | 0.28 | 0.93 |
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Kouklaki, D.; Papachristopoulou, K.; Fountoulakis, I.; Tsekeri, A.; Raptis, P.-I.; Kazadzis, S.; Eleftheratos, K. Impact of Aerosols on Surface Solar Radiation and Solar Energy in the Mediterranean Basin. Environ. Sci. Proc. 2023, 26, 56. https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2023026056
Kouklaki D, Papachristopoulou K, Fountoulakis I, Tsekeri A, Raptis P-I, Kazadzis S, Eleftheratos K. Impact of Aerosols on Surface Solar Radiation and Solar Energy in the Mediterranean Basin. Environmental Sciences Proceedings. 2023; 26(1):56. https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2023026056
Chicago/Turabian StyleKouklaki, Dimitra, Kyriakoula Papachristopoulou, Ilias Fountoulakis, Alexandra Tsekeri, Panagiotis-Ioannis Raptis, Stelios Kazadzis, and Konstantinos Eleftheratos. 2023. "Impact of Aerosols on Surface Solar Radiation and Solar Energy in the Mediterranean Basin" Environmental Sciences Proceedings 26, no. 1: 56. https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2023026056