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Agriculture
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Ecological Monitoring and Restoration of Agricultural Environment
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Ecological Monitoring and Restoration of Agricultural Environment

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Ecosystem, Environment and Climate Change in Agriculture".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 February 2023) | Viewed by 7505

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Alexey Valerievich Panov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Radioecology Department, Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Obninsk 249032, Russia
Interests: radioecology; agroecology; radiation and environmental safety; environmental monitoring; natural and agricultural ecosystems; radionuclides; heavy metals; pollution; agriculture; foodstuffs

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Protecting the environment and humans from the impact of technogenic factors is one of the key problems in ensuring the sustainable development of modern society. The intensive growth of energy, industry, transport and agricultural development of territories raises the question of determining the limits of the technogenic load on the environment. Exceeding these limits can lead to irreversible environmental consequences. Pollution of the natural environment with heavy metals, radionuclides and other pollutants leads to their accumulation in soils. It can be toxic to plants, animals and humans. The main task in assessing the consequences of technogenic pollution is to identify the possible negative impact of pollutants on the biological components of ecosystems (soil biota, plants). Soil is the main component of ecosystems where toxicants accumulate. The peculiarity of environmental pollution with pollutants is their extremely slow removal from the soil, the ability to change its physical and chemical properties, have a toxic effect on plants, and also enter the human diet through food chains. Soil pollution with pollutants has a negative impact on the growth and productivity of agricultural crops and leads to an increase in the accumulation of pollutants in crop and livestock products.

Prof. Dr. Alexey Valerievich Panov
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agriculture is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • agriculture
  • soil
  • crops
  • foodstuffs
  • anthropogenesis
  • pollutions
  • heavy metals
  • radionuclides
  • ecological monitoring
  • environmental safety

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 2101 KiB  
Article
Differences in CO2 Emissions on a Bare-Drained Peat Area in Sarawak, Malaysia, Based on Different Measurement Techniques
by Hasimah Mos, Mohd Haniff Harun, Nur Maisarah Jantan, Zulkifli Hashim, Anis Suriani Ibrahim and Yusri Yusup
Agriculture 2023, 13(3), 622; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13030622 - 5 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1917
Abstract
The drainage and cultivation of peatlands will lead to subsidence and mineralisation of organic matter, increasing carbon (C) loss as more CO2 is emitted. There is little information about carbon emissions from bare peat soil. A study was undertaken to measure the [...] Read more.
The drainage and cultivation of peatlands will lead to subsidence and mineralisation of organic matter, increasing carbon (C) loss as more CO2 is emitted. There is little information about carbon emissions from bare peat soil. A study was undertaken to measure the CO2 emissions from a logged-over peat swamp area that was purposely vegetation-free. We aimed to report CO2 emissions from a bare, drained peatland developed for an oil palm plantation. For 12 months, we used eddy covariance (EC), closed chambers, and soil subsidence measurements to derive CO2 emissions from a logged-over peat swamp area. Significant variations in the estimated soil CO2 efflux were observed in the three tested measurement techniques. The average CO2 flux rate measured by the EC technique was 4.94 ± 0.12 µmol CO2 m−2 s−1 (or 68.55 tonnes CO2 ha−1 year−1). Meanwhile, the soil CO2 efflux rate measured by the closed chamber technique was 4.19 ± 0.22 µmol CO2 m−2 s−1 (or 58.14 tonnes CO2 ha−1 year−1). Subsidence amounted to 1.9 cm year−1, corresponding to 36.12 tonnes CO2 ha−1 year−1. The estimation of the C loss was found to be highest by the EC technique, lower by the soil chamber technique, and lowest by the peat subsidence rate technique. The higher CO2 emission rate observed in the EC technique could be attributed to soil microbial respiration and decomposing woody residues in the nearby stacking rows due to the large EC footprint. It could also be affected by CO2 advection from oil palms adjacent to the study site. Despite the large differences in the CO2 emission rates by the different techniques, this study provides valuable information on the soil heterotrophic respiration of deep peat in Sarawak. Carbon emissions from a bare peat area cover only a fraction of the soil CO2 respiration component, i.e., the soil heterotrophic respiration. Further investigations are needed to determine the CO2 emissions by soil microbial activities and plant roots from other peat areas in Sarawak. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ecological Monitoring and Restoration of Agricultural Environment)
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20 pages, 8353 KiB  
Article
Agri-Environment Atmospheric Real-Time Monitoring Technology Based on Drone and Light Scattering
by Yuan Liu, Xun He, Wanzhang Wang, Chenhui Zhu, Ruibo Jian and Jinfan Chen
Agriculture 2022, 12(11), 1885; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12111885 - 9 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1683
Abstract
The emission of particulate matter (PM) from agricultural activities, such as concentrated animal feeding, straw combustion, and mechanized harvest, is a hot issue in the sustainable development of agriculture, which has attracted more and more attention from government departments and researchers. However, the [...] Read more.
The emission of particulate matter (PM) from agricultural activities, such as concentrated animal feeding, straw combustion, and mechanized harvest, is a hot issue in the sustainable development of agriculture, which has attracted more and more attention from government departments and researchers. However, the research on the transport of particulate matter in the agri-environment still lacks flexible and efficient measurement methods to obtain real-time and accurate spatial distribution data. The objective of our study is to produce a new intelligent platform for agri-environment atmospheric monitoring with high mobility, temporal and spatial resolution, and remote data transmission function to overcome the shortcomings of traditional atmospheric particulate matter monitoring stations, such as small particle size range, immovability, and high cost. Through the light scattering sensor, microcontroller, and wireless data transmission device assembled on the high-mobility drone, the platform could measure the mass concentration of PM2.5, PM10, and TSP at different spatial points in the agri-environment and transmit the measurement data to the receiving device on the ground through three modes: CLOUD, TCP, and UDP. We also developed monitoring software based on the Android platform, which could complete the connection of device and real-time monitoring of measurement data on the ground. Compared with stationary measurement devices, the biggest advantage of our mobile monitoring system is that it has the ability to measure the concentration of TSP and the vertical distribution of PM, which is very important for the research of agricultural environmental particulate matter emission characteristics. After the sensor and communication performance experiments, the sensors had high consistency in the overall change trend, and the communication accuracy rate was high. We carried out a flight measurement comparison experiment at the Wenhua Road Campus of Henan Agricultural University, and the measurement data were highly consistent with the data from the national monitoring stations. We also conducted an agri-environmental atmospheric measurement experiment in Muzhai Village and obtained the vertical distribution data of PM concentration at the nearby measuring point when the harvester was working. The results showed that after the harvester worked for a period of time, the PM2.5, PM10, and TSP concentrations reached the maximum at the altitude of 20 m at the measurement point, which were 80, 198, and 384 μg/m3, respectively, 2.64~3.10 times the particle concentration in the environment before the harvester began to work. Our new platform had high mobility, sensitive reading, and stable communication during the experiment, and had high application value in agricultural environmental monitoring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ecological Monitoring and Restoration of Agricultural Environment)
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Review

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23 pages, 912 KiB  
Review
Heavy Metals Influence on the Bacterial Community of Soils: A Review
by Ivan Sazykin, Ludmila Khmelevtsova, Tatiana Azhogina and Marina Sazykina
Agriculture 2023, 13(3), 653; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13030653 - 10 Mar 2023
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3343
Abstract
The increasing rate of natural resource use leads to an increase in the anthropogenic load on the soil. As the result of industrial, metallurgical and mining activities, excessive amounts of heavy metals (HMs) enter the soil. In addition, they can be introduced with [...] Read more.
The increasing rate of natural resource use leads to an increase in the anthropogenic load on the soil. As the result of industrial, metallurgical and mining activities, excessive amounts of heavy metals (HMs) enter the soil. In addition, they can be introduced with waste and drainage water from various enterprises. Accumulating in the soil, HMs can negatively affect the soil bacterial community, which is one of the main factors of its “health”. Molecular genetic methods based on shotgun sequencing or metabarcoding of standard DNA sequences (for example, the 16S rRNA gene for bacteria) are the modern ways to assess the bacterial diversity of soils. This review presents the results of modern studies on the effect of HMs on the soil bacterial communities, using metagenomic methods. Based on the analysis of publications over the past two decades, a generally negative effect of pollutants on the taxonomic composition and diversity of bacterial communities has been shown. The influence of factors modulating the toxicity of metals and metalloids was noted: the amount and composition of salts, soil pH, ecosystem type, rhizosphere presence and other soil properties. In this paper, promising directions of research are outlined. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ecological Monitoring and Restoration of Agricultural Environment)
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