Role of Soil Microbial Communities in Maintaining Agricultural Soil Quality

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Agricultural Soils".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 December 2024 | Viewed by 1580

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Physiology and Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Godollo, Hungary
Interests: microbial communities; microbial biomass; soil enzyme; soil quality; plant production

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Guest Editor
Department of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Godollo, Hungary
Interests: soil fertility; plant nutrition; fertilizers; crop production; crop management; sustainable agriculture

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Soil is a natural resource and must be sustainably managed for the future of mankind. Healthy soils are teeming with living organisms: microorganisms, fungi, insects, earthworms, etc. Soil microorganisms play a decisive role in most of the processes taking place in the soil (e.g., soil organic matter formation, residue decomposition, nutrient cycling, pollution degradation, …) and in the formation and maintenance of soil quality. Soil quality can be defined in many different ways, but it is usually understood as the capacity of soil to function to sustain plant and animal productivity, maintain or enhance water and air quality, and support human health and habitation. Agricultural management (crop type, tillage, fertilization, plant protection) affects soil quality in many ways (biological, chemical, and physical). For sustainable cultivation, to maintain and increase soil quality, it is necessary to know these ways and their effect on soil microbes. Because of the decisive role of soil microbes, it is also necessary to know in which way the microbial community of the soil should be modified to improve soil quality.

For this Special Issue, authors are invited to publish articles related to the assessment of the amount, activity, and diversity of soil microbial community; development of agricultural practices to modify the soil microbiota; establishment of relationships between the soil microbiota’s properties and the effects of agricultural methods (crop type, tillage, fertilization, plant protection); establishment of relationships between the soil microbiota’s properties and soil quality; identifying which microbial groups have critical roles in soil processes. Studies assessing the diversity of soil microbiota and proving its importance in maintaining agroecosystem stability are especially welcome.

Dr. Gábor Csitári
Dr. Zoltan Toth
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • soil microbial communities
  • microbial biomass
  • enzyme activity
  • diversity
  • management methods
  • soil quality

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 1700 KiB  
Article
Reactivating the Potential of Lima Bean (Phaseolus lunatus) for Enhancing Soil Quality and Sustainable Soil Ecosystem Stability
by Mukhtar Iderawumi Abdulraheem, Abiodun Yusuff Moshood, Linze Li, Lateef Bamidele Taiwo, Adedayo Omowumi Oyedele, Emmanuel Ezaka, Hongjun Chen, Aitazaz A. Farooque, Vijaya Raghavan and Jiandong Hu
Agriculture 2024, 14(7), 976; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14070976 - 23 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Background: This study explores the role of leguminous crops like lima bean in enhancing soil quality and ecosystem stability. Despite existing studies on agronomic aspects, there is a significant research gap on its impact on soil organic matter level, microbial activity, soil [...] Read more.
Background: This study explores the role of leguminous crops like lima bean in enhancing soil quality and ecosystem stability. Despite existing studies on agronomic aspects, there is a significant research gap on its impact on soil organic matter level, microbial activity, soil health, and nutrient availability. Therefore, this study examines the capacity of lima bean to reactivate soil quality, focusing on its impact on soil organic matter level, microbial activity, soil health, and nutrient availability. Methods: The experimental area was set up in 2023 using three replicates and a randomized block design. Two treatments were used: lima bean-planted plots and control plots with various weeds and without lima bean. Post-harvest soil samples were collected from various agroecological zones and sterilely packed, and physical, chemical, and biological indices were examined. Results: lima bean significantly affected nutrients, enzymes, soil microbial respiration, and other markers. Amylase activity (0.41**) was positively correlated with urease activity (0.73**), while dehydrogenase activity positively correlated with both. Dehydrogenase activity was negatively correlated with total nitrogen (0.66**) and sulfur (0.60**). Lima bean significantly affected soil quality, with all locations showing higher ratings (55–77%) than wild land, except for location D (Ilora). A total of 70% of total nitrogen variation may be attributed to soil quality (r2 = 0.696). Lima bean enhanced soil quality, potentially enhancing productivity and reducing dependence on inorganic nitrogen inputs. Conclusions: The symbiotic relationship between lima bean and nitrogen-fixing bacteria improves nutrient cycling, enhancing agricultural productivity and environmental conservation. Future research should explore the economic viability of integrating lima bean into crop rotations or agroforestry systems for sustainable agricultural practices, providing valuable information for farmers. Full article
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25 pages, 4183 KiB  
Article
Effect of Previous Crop on the Structure of Bacterial and Fungal Communities during the Growth of Vicia faba L. spp. minor
by Małgorzata Baćmaga, Jadwiga Wyszkowska, Agata Borowik and Jan Kucharski
Agriculture 2024, 14(3), 370; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14030370 - 25 Feb 2024
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess how soil use and the cultivation of Triticum aestivum spp. vulgare L. (Sw), Triticum aestivum spp. spelta L. (Ww), Zea mays L. (M), and Brassica napus L. (Wr) impacts soil microbiota. This study consisted of [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to assess how soil use and the cultivation of Triticum aestivum spp. vulgare L. (Sw), Triticum aestivum spp. spelta L. (Ww), Zea mays L. (M), and Brassica napus L. (Wr) impacts soil microbiota. This study consisted of a pot experiment over 120 days, until Vicia faba spp. minor seeds and pods reached the developmental stage of growth. This study showed that T. aestivum spp. vulgare L. grown in the soil sown with faba beans had a beneficial effect on the development of organotrophic bacteria, actinobacteria, and fungi. Regardless of the previous crop and soil cultivation method, r-strategists were found among the organotrophic bacteria and fungi, whereas K-strategists were found among the actinobacteria. All soils sown with faba beans were primarily colonized by bacteria belonging to the phylum Actinobacteriota (represented by the genus Cellulosimicrobium) and fungi belonging to the phylum Ascomycota. In the soil sown with field faba beans from the cultivation of Sw and Wr, the soil was dominated by Mortierella genus fungi; that of Ww was dominated by Cladosporium, and that of M was dominated by Alternaria. The results of this study provide new insights into the influence of previous crops and further cropping with faba bean on the quantitative and qualitative composition of the soil microbiota. Full article
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