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Agronomy
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Innovative Controlled Release Fertilizer Technologies in Agriculture
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Innovative Controlled Release Fertilizer Technologies in Agriculture

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Soil and Plant Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2024) | Viewed by 5644

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Juan Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Interests: efficient fertilization technology; controlled release fertilizer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

For decades, huge amounts of fertilizers have been used to improve the yield of crops to sustain increasing demands for agricultural products; however, the excessive application of fertilizers has resulted in lower fertilizer use efficiency (FUE) and negative environmental impacts. Controlled release fertilizers (CRFs) provide a solution to this, as nutrients can be released in a timely and gradual manner, attempting to match the specific nutrient demands needed during plant growth. It is indicated that the application of CRFs could increase or maintain the grain yields of crops, and improve the FUE while reducing negative impacts on the environment. Therefore, the innovation of CRF technologies is essential for the development of agriculture.

This Special Issue covers the following scientific issues:

  1. The innovation of CRF technologies, such as the innovation of controlled-release coating materials, the production processes of CRFs, and so on;
  2. Characteristics and types of controlled release fertilizers (for example, the environment-sensitive CRFs, e.g., temperature-sensitive, pH-sensitive, light-sensitive CRFs, and so on);
  3. Concept, reality, and mechanism of controlled release fertilizer;
  4. The effects of innovated CRFs on grain yields, nutrient use efficiency of different crops, and nutrient balance in the soil–plant–environment system;
  5. Prospects and potential of controlled release fertilizers in the agricultural industry.

The Guest Editors invite scientists to share their knowledge about innovative solutions related to controlled release fertilizers, with a particular emphasis on soil fertility and quality, as well as soil condition monitoring. Both original research papers and thematic reviews are acceptable for submission.

Dr. Juan Li
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • controlled release fertilizers (CRFs)
  • fertilizer use efficiency
  • nutrient demands
  • nutrient balance

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 19615 KiB  
Article
Effects of Controlled-Release Nitrogen Fertilizer at Different Release Stages on Rice Yield and Quality
by Zhen Yu, Runnan Wang, Yuanyuan Yao, Xiaoqi Wang, Jiali He and Yuechao Yang
Agronomy 2024, 14(8), 1685; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14081685 - 31 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1079
Abstract
The replacement of common urea with controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer can improve rice yield and quality, but the effect of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer on rice yield and quality at different release stages is still unclear. In this experiment, two nitrogen application rates (240 kg/ha [...] Read more.
The replacement of common urea with controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer can improve rice yield and quality, but the effect of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer on rice yield and quality at different release stages is still unclear. In this experiment, two nitrogen application rates (240 kg/ha and 300 kg/ha) and five different nutrient release characteristics (urea and coated urea with controlled release periods of 30, 50, 70 and 90 days, respectively) were set up to explore the effects of nitrogen application rate, release characteristics and their interactions on rice yield, quality, starch structure, and physicochemical properties. The results showed that, compared with other controlled-release nitrogenous fertilizers, application of controlled-release nitrogenous fertilizers for 30 days and 90 days could increase rice yield (14.17% to 20.83%), and application of controlled-release nitrogenous fertilizers for 70 days and 90 days had the highest comprehensive evaluation of rice quality. The decrease of amylose content and the increase of protein content significantly improved the eating and nutritional quality of rice by changing the structure and physicochemical properties of starch particles. The results showed that in the comprehensive evaluation system based on rice yield and quality, under the condition of 300 kg/ha, controlled-release nitrogen treatment with a controlled release period of 90 days had the highest comprehensive score, which could increase rice yield and improve grain quality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Controlled Release Fertilizer Technologies in Agriculture)
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18 pages, 2852 KiB  
Article
Co-Application of Coated Phosphate Fertilizer and Humic Acid for Wheat Production and Soil Nutrient Transport
by Zixin Zhang, Yutong Ma, Ye Tian, Pingan Liu, Min Zhang, Zhiguang Liu, Xiaofan Zhu, Conghui Wang, Yuezhuo Zhuang, Wenrui Zhang, Zhibang Feng, Junxi Wang and Qi Chen
Agronomy 2024, 14(8), 1621; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14081621 - 24 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1050
Abstract
The application of a diammonium phosphate coating effectively mitigates direct contact between the phosphate fertilizer and the soil, thus minimizing phosphorus fixation. Humic acid holds a pivotal role in augmenting soil quality and activating the soil’s phosphorus reserves. Notably, when combined with humic [...] Read more.
The application of a diammonium phosphate coating effectively mitigates direct contact between the phosphate fertilizer and the soil, thus minimizing phosphorus fixation. Humic acid holds a pivotal role in augmenting soil quality and activating the soil’s phosphorus reserves. Notably, when combined with humic acid, diammonium phosphate significantly enhances the utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizer. However, there is a paucity of literature exploring the dynamics of nutrient transport in soil when humic acid is paired with coated phosphate fertilizers. To assess the impact of the combined application of coated diammonium phosphate and humic acid on wheat yield enhancement, we conducted pot experiments along with leaching and ammonia volatilization simulation tests, aiming to elucidate the effects of this combination on nutrient transport. The study explored the effects of three distinct treatments: coated diammonium phosphate (CP), coated diammonium phosphate combined with humic acid (PHA), and coated diammonium phosphate combined with humic acid (CPHA). The investigation focused on analyzing their impacts on wheat yield, ammonia volatilization, soil-available phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, soil-available potassium, as well as the mobilization and transport of calcium and magnesium in the soil. (1) Compared to the P treatment, the PHA and CP treatments significantly increased grain yield by 17.2% and 13.5%, respectively. The PHA treatment also increased effective panicle number by 12.9%. Overall, the CP, PHA, and CPHA treatments improved grain yield by 13.5%, 17.2%, and 19.1% compared to the P treatment. (2) The CP and PHA treatments reduced available phosphorus by 95.6% and 49.2%, calcium by 2.0% and 67.0%, and magnesium by 11.6% and 46.1% compared to the P treatment. Ammonium nitrogen decreased by 37.0% and 64.3%, while nitrate nitrogen increased by 14.0% in CP and slightly decreased by 0.8% in PHA. In the leaching solution, PHA and CP treatments reduced available phosphorus by 96.7% and 62.5%, increased calcium by 5.0% and 78.9%, decreased ammonium nitrogen by 2.2% and 43.4%, and decreased nitrate nitrogen by 10.6% and 13.0%. The PHA and CPHA treatments increased available phosphorus in the 0–20 cm soil layer by 1.4 times and 25.8%, respectively. (3) The CP treatment reduced ammonia volatilization by 87.0% compared to the P treatment, while the CPHA treatment further reduced it by 87.5% compared to the PHA treatment. The application of coated diammonium phosphate efficiently delays nutrient release and reduces nutrient leaching in the soil. Additionally, the integration of humic acid significantly improves the availability of phosphorus in the soil, minimizing phosphorus loss. Notably, the combined application of humic acid and coated diammonium phosphate leads to a significant increase in soil phosphorus content, subsequently enhancing soil nutrient availability, conserving fertilizer, and ultimately resulting in an improved wheat yield. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Controlled Release Fertilizer Technologies in Agriculture)
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15 pages, 3308 KiB  
Article
Oil-Coated Ammonium Sulfate Improves Maize Nutrient Uptake and Regulates Nitrogen Leaching Rates in Sandy Soil
by Shuangdui Yan, Xinyu Dong, Huishu Jiang, Yu Liu, Ying Han, Tanwen Guo, Yanhui Zhang, Juan Li and Qiuyan Yan
Agronomy 2024, 14(7), 1463; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14071463 - 5 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1049
Abstract
Ammonium sulfate (AS) has been utilized in agriculture; however, there is a dearth of research on its application in maize cultivation subsequent to the implementation of nitrification inhibitors or coating treatments. This study aimed to analyze the impacts of various combinations of AS [...] Read more.
Ammonium sulfate (AS) has been utilized in agriculture; however, there is a dearth of research on its application in maize cultivation subsequent to the implementation of nitrification inhibitors or coating treatments. This study aimed to analyze the impacts of various combinations of AS fertilizers on soil nutrients, plant nutrient uptake, yield, and fertilizer utilization efficiency in maize cultivation to establish an optimal and stabilized disposal method for AS. A completely randomized design was employed with five treatments (AU, the control using urea; AS, treatment using ammonium sulfate; ASN, treatment using ammonium sulfate with a nitrification inhibitor; ASG, treatment using oil-coated ammonium sulfate; and ASD, treatment using oil–humic acid-coated ammonium sulfate). The results show the following: (1) Compared with AU and AS, ASN, ASG, and ASD decreased the leaching rates of total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), and nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N), and more residual N had accumulated in the soil. The first-order kinetic equation Nt = N0(1 − e−kt) could better fit the process of N accumulation and release, and the N-release rate constant was in the order of AU > CK > AS > ASG > ASN > ASD. (2) Compared with the AU and AS treatments, the plant dry weight, grain dry weight, spike width, spike length, and yields of maize increased by 8.85–11.08%, 12.98–14.15%, 2.95–3.52%, 5.50–5.65%, and 43.21–51.10%, respectively, under the ASG treatment. A path analysis revealed the main decision coefficient of the effective spike number on the maize yield. Furthermore, the accumulation levels of N, P, and K within above-ground plants significantly increased under the ASG treatment compared with those under the AU and AS treatments. N, P, and K partial factor productivity under the ASG treatment increased by 47.12%, 47.15%, and 73.40% on average, while grain N, P, and K balance increased by 50.45%, 47.10%, 55.61% on average, compared with the AU and AS treatments. Therefore, the ASG treatment exhibited the optimal slow-release effect on nutrients and achieved excellent performance in enhancing the production and efficiency of maize. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Controlled Release Fertilizer Technologies in Agriculture)
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16 pages, 1881 KiB  
Article
The Long-Term Application of Controlled-Release Nitrogen Fertilizer Maintains a More Stable Bacterial Community and Nitrogen Cycling Functions Than Common Urea in Fluvo-Aquic Soil
by Lei Ma, Yan Li, Jianlin Wei, Zishuang Li, Hongjie Li, Yudong Li, Fuli Zheng, Zhaohui Liu and Deshui Tan
Agronomy 2024, 14(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14010007 - 19 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1633
Abstract
Controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer (CRNF) has been proven to surpass common urea by mitigating nutrient losses, enhancing soil quality, and improving crop productivity. However, the long-term effects of CRNF on soil biological properties are not well understood. Here, a 12-year field experiment was conducted [...] Read more.
Controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer (CRNF) has been proven to surpass common urea by mitigating nutrient losses, enhancing soil quality, and improving crop productivity. However, the long-term effects of CRNF on soil biological properties are not well understood. Here, a 12-year field experiment was conducted with five treatments: no N fertilizer (PK); the split application of urea at the farmer’s practice rate (FP) and the optimal rate (OPT); the one-time application of CRNF at the same rate as the OPT (CRNF); and a 20% reduced rate of the OPT (0.8CRNF). Soil samples were collected during the maize tasseling and filling stages; high-throughput sequencing and the PICRUSt2 method were employed to determine the bacterial community and its functional potential. The results showed that CRNF significantly increased alkaline hydrolysis N by 14.10% and 9.45% compared to OPT during the tasseling and filling stages, respectively. This increase in soil available N resulted in a significant increase in bacterial diversity of 2.09% and 2.35% compared with the FP and OPT, respectively. The bacterial community in the FP and OPT changed markedly between the tasseling and filling stages, with many bacterial species at the ASV and genus levels showing variations in relative abundance. In contrast, CRNF and 0.8CRNF exhibited stable N-cycling functions, as indicated by the lower variations in nitrate reductase and predicted N-cycling functional genes between the tasseling and filling stages. The obtained results suggest that CRNF application can enhance soil N supply, promote the formation of stable bacterial communities, and maintain stable N-cycling functions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Controlled Release Fertilizer Technologies in Agriculture)
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