Mechanism of Flower Growth in Ornamental Plants: From Floral Induction to Development

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Horticultural and Floricultural Crops".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2025 | Viewed by 1117

Special Issue Editor

National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: ornamental plant breeding; floral development; flowering regulation; biotic and abiotic stresses
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Dear Colleagues,

Flowers are unique to angiosperms. A typical flower possesses four types of organs, namely sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels, which are arranged on the receptacle from the outside to the centre, respectively. In different groups of flowering plants, however, floral organs show dramatic variation in number, type, size, shape, colour, scent, taste, and arrangement. However, no matter how diverse the floral organs are, they all experience at least four main developmental processes as follows: initiation, identity determination, morphogenesis, and maturation. And many species have evolved in multiple ways to adapt to the environment and endogenous factors to regulate flowering. It is now known that five main signal pathways, namely photoperiod, vernalization, age, autonomy, and gibberellin, regulate floral initiation and development. Furthermore, the quality and quantity of flowers are also affected by environmental factors.

Over recent years, enormous scientific progress has been made to understand the molecular basis of flowering and flower development. However, flowering and flower development still need to be further explored for future flower breeding.

This Special Issue will focus on floral induction to development in ornamental plants. We welcome novel research, reviews, and opinion pieces covering all related topics.

Dr. Yanhong He
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • floral organ
  • flowering time
  • flower colour
  • flower shape
  • flower scent
  • flower size

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 7951 KiB  
Article
Marigold (Tagetes erecta) MADS-Box Genes: A Systematic Analysis and Their Implications for Floral Organ Development
by Cuicui Liu, Feifan Wang, Runhui Li, Yu Zhu, Chunling Zhang and Yanhong He
Agronomy 2024, 14(9), 1889; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14091889 - 24 Aug 2024
Viewed by 876
Abstract
Marigold (Tagetes erecta) has a capitulum with two floret types: sterile ray florets and fertile disc florets. This distinction makes marigold a valuable model for studying floral organ development in Asteraceae, where MADS-box transcription factors play crucial roles. Here, 65 MADS-box [...] Read more.
Marigold (Tagetes erecta) has a capitulum with two floret types: sterile ray florets and fertile disc florets. This distinction makes marigold a valuable model for studying floral organ development in Asteraceae, where MADS-box transcription factors play crucial roles. Here, 65 MADS-box genes were identified in the marigold genome, distributed across all 12 chromosomes. These genes were classified into type I (13 genes) and type II (52 genes) according to phylogenetic relationships. The gene structure of type I was simpler than that of type II, with fewer conserved motifs. Type I was further divided into three subclasses, Mα (8 genes), Mβ (2 genes), and Mγ (3 genes), while type II was divided into two groups: MIKCC (50 genes) and MIKC* (2 genes), with MIKCC comprising 13 subfamilies. Many type II MADS-box genes had evolutionarily conserved functions in marigold. Expression analysis of type II genes across different organs revealed organ-specific patterns, identifying 34 genes related to flower organ development. Given the distinct characteristics of the two floret types, four genes were specifically expressed only in the petals of one floret type, while twenty genes were expressed in the stamens of disc florets. These genes might have been related to the formation of different floret types. Our research provided a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the marigold MADS-box genes and laid the foundation for further studies on the roles of MADS-box genes in floral organ development in Asteraceae. Full article
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