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Agronomy
Special Issues
Genetic Potentials and Breeding Progress in Cereal Grains
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Genetic Potentials and Breeding Progress in Cereal Grains

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Breeding and Genetics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2024) | Viewed by 2327

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Leonardo A. Crespo-Herrera

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco 56130, Mexico
Interests: wheat breeding; genotype-by-environment interaction; wheat genetics; insect resistance; disease resistance; genomics
Dr. Ravi Prakash Singh

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco 56130, Mexico
Interests: wheat breeding; disease resistance; wheat genetics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Global cereal production is around 2.7 billion tonnes, of which around 90% is accounted for by maize, wheat and rice. By 2030, the global use of cereal is projected to be 3 billion tonnes, of which around 90% of the increase is expected to occur in developing economies. At the same time, climate change is predicted to reduce yields in several cereal production regions.

In light of the increase in food demand, genetics and breeding play a significant role in increasing cereal productivity and contributing to the resilience of those agri-food systems in a changing climate. With the advent of new technologies, it is possible to intervene in plant breeding schemes to significantly accelerate the rate of genetic gain and develop elite germplasm with the adequate combination of traits for the environments in which new varieties will be grown.

In this Special Issue, we encourage the submission of papers related to:

  • The application of new technologies and methods to advance cereal breeding, including, but not limited to genomic prediction, marker-assisted selection, environomics, high-throughput phenotyping, speed breeding, gene editing, etc.
  • The estimation of genetic gains in cereals for yield potential and climate resilience.
  • Genetic studies of traits relevant to cereal production and food security, including, but not limited to genome-wide association studies and linkage mapping experiments.

New methodologies and strategies that have the potential to increase genetic gain.

Dr. Leonardo A. Crespo-Herrera
Dr. Ravi Prakash Singh
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • genomics
  • genetic studies
  • genetic gains

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2767 KiB  
Article
Ethyl Methanesulfonate Mutant Library Construction in Tartary Buckwheat with Agronomic Trait and Flavonoid Screening for Germplasm Innovation
by Huajie Guo, Zhiying Qin, Wei Ren, Hongmei Feng, Wenliang Chen, Longlong Liu and Zhaoxia Sun
Agronomy 2024, 14(3), 547; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14030547 - 7 Mar 2024
Viewed by 853
Abstract
As a nutrient-rich multigrain crop, buckwheat is a typical “medicinal food homology” crop that is rich in flavonoids, including rutin and various vitamins. It has positive anti-oxidant and anti-tumour properties and lowers blood pressure. However, due to strict self-crossing characteristics, slow progress has [...] Read more.
As a nutrient-rich multigrain crop, buckwheat is a typical “medicinal food homology” crop that is rich in flavonoids, including rutin and various vitamins. It has positive anti-oxidant and anti-tumour properties and lowers blood pressure. However, due to strict self-crossing characteristics, slow progress has been made in Tartary buckwheat (TB) cross-breeding, resulting in the slow breeding of new varieties of new TB varieties, which has limited the improvement of yield and quality. Therefore, mutant breeding is a rapid and effective technique for broadening and innovating TB breeding. In recent years, improving qualities related to yield, lodging resistance, and stability have become key points in TB breeding. Based on the above findings, excellent, potentially valuable TB lines with rich phenotypes were obtained for the TB mutation library via ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), laying a foundation for creating new TB germplasms. In this study, we systematically investigated more than 10 agronomic traits of JQ2 and JQ4 mutants, including plant type, leaf colour, grain type, grain colour, grain number per plant, grain length, grain width, grain weight per plant, and 1000-grain weight. The results show that the maximum number of grains per plant was 1956, the weight was 32.84 g, and the 1000-grain weight was 30.89 g. The maximum number of grains per JQ4 plant was 2308, and the weight was 44.82 g. The maximum 1000-grain weight was 24.7 g. Among the 295 JQ2 mutants and 153 JQ4 mutants, 10 flavonoids (orientin, morin, quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, naringin, hesperetin, myricetin, hesperidin, and rutin) were detected with near infrared spectroscopy (NIR). The mutants were divided into five groups according to the flavonoid content of the JQ2 mutants, of which the first group included 31 individual lines. and the second to fifth groups included 70, 69, 72, and 53 lines, respectively. The JQ4 mutants were divided into four classes, of which 41, 50, 32, and 30 were individual lines, respectively, with the highest rutin content being 82.06 mg/g. In summary, through systematic analysis and screening of the agronomic traits and flavonoid contents of JQ2 and JQ4 mutant seeds, we obtained three lines with a high 1000-grain weight, including two JQ2 mutant lines (30.89 g) and one JQ4 mutant line, which reached 24.70 g and ten lines with high grain weight per plant. This included 8 JQ2 mutants and 2 JQ4 mutants, as well as 72 high-rutin mutants (including 31 lines from JQ2 and 41 lines from JQ4 mutants). These elite lines provide the material basis for creating TB germplasms with excellent qualities and cultivation characteristics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Potentials and Breeding Progress in Cereal Grains)
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19 pages, 2244 KiB  
Article
Assessing the Potential of Old and Modern Serbian Wheat Genotypes: Yield Components and Nutritional Profiles in a Comprehensive Study
by Dušan Urošević, Desimir Knežević, Nenad Đurić, Mirela Matković Stojšin, Vesna Kandić, Danica Mićanović, Jelena Stojiljković and Veselinka Zečević
Agronomy 2023, 13(9), 2426; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092426 - 20 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1090
Abstract
Creating wheat genotypes characterized by high grain yield, high protein content, and favorable amino acid composition is the main goal of breeders, especially in developing countries where wheat is a staple food. An experiment with 20 wheat genotypes, released through breeding activities in [...] Read more.
Creating wheat genotypes characterized by high grain yield, high protein content, and favorable amino acid composition is the main goal of breeders, especially in developing countries where wheat is a staple food. An experiment with 20 wheat genotypes, released through breeding activities in the Serbian region at different periods and adapted to its pedoclimatic conditions, was conducted with the aim of determining the genetic potential of the analyzed genotypes for grain yield and quality. Due to the divergence of the examined wheat germplasm, the factor of genotype had the largest share in the variation of all yield parameters (>66%). The genotypes Zadruga and Agrounija exhibited superior abilities for overall grain yield. Also, genotype Zadruga stood out in a distinct cluster group due to high values of both thousand grain weight and grain yield per plant. A continuous improvement in protein content was found, with newer genotypes having 17.13% higher protein content compared with older genotypes. Genotype Sloga stood out with the highest protein content (13.93%). On the other hand, the old genotype Balkan was distinguished by the highest content of nonessential amino acids (61.5 g 100 g−1 protein), which makes it a good genetic resource. Genotypes Agrounija (32.62 g 100 g−1 protein) and Tanjugovka (32.47 g 100 g−1 protein) had the highest content of essential amino acids. The highest AAS value was established for tryptophan (1.81) and the lowest for lysine (0.61). Genotypes Tanjugovka and Zadruga had the highest AAS, i.e., protein completeness. The genotypes Zadruga, Tanjugovka, Agrounija, and Sloga have demonstrated high-yield capacity and possess a favorable amino acid profile, making them promising candidates for enhancing the nutritional quality of wheat and potentially benefiting human health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Potentials and Breeding Progress in Cereal Grains)
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