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Zoonoses: Focus on the Wildlife and Possible Application with GIS...
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Zoonoses: Focus on the Wildlife and Possible Application with GIS and Remote Sensing

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Wildlife".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2023) | Viewed by 6926

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Riccardo Orusa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta (IZS PLV) S.C Valle d’Aosta—CeRMAS (National Reference Center for Wildlife Diseases), Località Amerique, 7/C, 11020 Quart, Italy
Interests: wildlife; zoonoses; ecology; One Health; risk assessment and analysis; public health; spillover
Dr. Annalisa Viani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta (IZS PLV) S.C Valle d’Aosta—CeRMAS (National Reference Center for Wildlife Diseases), Località Amerique, 7/C, 11020 Quart, Italy
Interests: wildlife ecology; GIS; zoonoses; One Health; wildlife planning and management; risk maps; spillover
Dr. Tommaso Orusa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, L.go Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
Interests: remote sensing; GIS (geographical information system); forestry and environmental sciences; Google Earth engine; geostatistics; maps
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Zoonoses have acquired an increased importance in light of the SARS-CoV2 pandemic. Since most epidemics and pandemics originate from wildlife reservoirs prior to ther spillover, this Special Issue, entitled “Zoonoses: Focus on the Wildlife and Possible Application with GIS and Remote Sensing”, aims to compile high-level contributions that, together, provide a comprehensive overview of the topic of zoonoses, focusing on wildlife. We welcome papers on studies that exploit GIS and remote sensing in order to map risks or create models. However, papers focusing on subjects that fall beyond the scope of GIS and remote sensing applications will also be considered. Our focus on the application of these tools in studies of wildlife zoonoses lies in the fact that they are often linked to environmental dynamics or anthropogenic pressures that can be mapped with these tools, according to the One Health approach.

In particular, we encourage the submission of articles, reviews, and communications that address the following topics:

  • Risk assessment
  • GIS and remote sensing exploitation
  • Analysis and state of the art of particular wildlife zoonoses
  • Ecological shifts in zoonoses due to climate change and human pressure
  • New diagnostic methods for zoonoses in wildlife

Prof. Dr. Riccardo Orusa
Dr. Annalisa Viani
Guest Editors

Dr. Tommaso Orusa
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • zoonoses
  • wildlife
  • interactions between domestic animals and wildlife
  • new diagnostics
  • remote sensing and GIS exploitation
  • risk assessment
  • modelling
  • One Health
  • climate change outbreaks
  • human pressure on natural resources

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 297 KiB  
Article
Detection and Characterization of Zoonotic Pathogens in Game Meat Hunted in Northwestern Italy
by Irene Floris, Andrea Vannuccini, Carmela Ligotti, Noemi Musolino, Angelo Romano, Annalisa Viani, Daniela Manila Bianchi, Serena Robetto and Lucia Decastelli
Animals 2024, 14(4), 562; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14040562 - 7 Feb 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1883
Abstract
Wildlife can represent a reservoir of zoonotic pathogens and a public health problem. In the present study, we investigated the spread of zoonotic pathogens (Salmonella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica, Listeria monocytogenes, Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), and hepatitis E virus (HEV)) considering [...] Read more.
Wildlife can represent a reservoir of zoonotic pathogens and a public health problem. In the present study, we investigated the spread of zoonotic pathogens (Salmonella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica, Listeria monocytogenes, Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), and hepatitis E virus (HEV)) considering the presence of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes in game meat from animals hunted in northwest Italy. During two hunting seasons (2020 to 2022), samples of liver and/or muscle tissue were collected from chamois (n = 48), roe deer (n = 26), deer (n = 39), and wild boar (n = 35). Conventional microbiology and biomolecular methods were used for the detection, isolation, and characterization of the investigated pathogens. Two L. monocytogenes serotype IIa strains were isolated from wild boar liver; both presented fosfomycin resistance gene and a total of 22 virulence genes were detected and specified in the text. Eight Y. enterocolitica biotype 1A strains were isolated from chamois (2), wild boar (5), and deer (1) liver samples; all showed streptogramin and beta-lactam resistance genes; the virulence genes found were myfA (8/8 strains), ymoA (8/8), invA (8/8), ystB (8/8), and ail (4/8). Our data underscore the potential role of wildlife as a carrier of zoonotic and antibiotic-resistant pathogens in northwest Italy and a food safety risk for game meat consumers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zoonoses: Focus on the Wildlife and Possible Application with GIS and Remote Sensing)
26 pages, 23271 KiB  
Article
Predicting Suitable Areas for African Swine Fever Outbreaks in Wild Boars in South Korea and Their Implications for Managing High-Risk Pig Farms
by Ju Hui Choi, Hun Namgung, Sang Jin Lim, Eui Kyeong Kim, Yeonsu Oh and Yung Chul Park
Animals 2023, 13(13), 2148; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13132148 - 29 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1865
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious disease affecting domestic pigs and wild boars, with no effective vaccine or treatment available. In South Korea, extensive measures have been implemented to prevent ASF transmission between wild boars and ASF spillover from wild boars [...] Read more.
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious disease affecting domestic pigs and wild boars, with no effective vaccine or treatment available. In South Korea, extensive measures have been implemented to prevent ASF transmission between wild boars and ASF spillover from wild boars to pig farm sectors, including the search for ASF-infected carcasses in mountainous forests and the installation of fences across wide areas of these forests. To determine the priority search range for infected carcasses and establish pig farm-centered quarantine measures, it is necessary to predict the specific path of ASF outbreaks in wild boars and identify pig farms at high risk of ASF spillover from wild boars. Here, we aimed to predict suitable areas and geographical paths for ASF outbreaks in wild boars using the MaxEnt model and shortest-path betweenness centrality analysis. The analysis identified a high frequency of ASF outbreaks in areas with a suitability value ≥0.4 on the suitability map and in areas within a 1.8 km range from the path on the shortest-path map, indicating these areas were high-risk zones for ASF outbreaks. Among the 5063 pig farms analyzed, 37 were in the high-risk zone on the suitability map, 499 were in the high-risk zone on the shortest-path map, and 9 were in both risk zones. Of the 51 pig farm sectors with a dense distribution of pig farms (kernel density ≥ 8), 25 sectors were in contact with or partially overlapped the high risk zone on the suitability map, 18 sectors were located within the high risk zone on the shortest-path map, and 14 sectors were located within both risk zones. These findings aided in determining the priority range for searches for wild boar carcasses and enabled the establishment of preemptive ASF prevention measures around the pig farming sectors that are at risk of ASF spillover from wild boars. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zoonoses: Focus on the Wildlife and Possible Application with GIS and Remote Sensing)
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18 pages, 3265 KiB  
Article
On-Site Inspection Form in Veterinary Cases: The Parma Veterinary Form
by Cristina Marchetti, Luigi Mastrogiuseppe, Stefano Vanin, Rossana Cecchi and Mirella Gherardi
Animals 2023, 13(13), 2064; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13132064 - 22 Jun 2023
Viewed by 2206
Abstract
The on-site inspection of the scene of an animal cadaver is crucial for a correct interpretation of the autopsy results, to determine the manner, method, and cause of death. This information plays a crucial role in the control of public health including the [...] Read more.
The on-site inspection of the scene of an animal cadaver is crucial for a correct interpretation of the autopsy results, to determine the manner, method, and cause of death. This information plays a crucial role in the control of public health including the prevention of zoonoses. It is also fundamental for the recognition and the contrast of crimes against animals and to animal abuse phenomena, considered an alert sign of an anti-social or violent behavior of humans. Today the best veterinary procedure requires an accurate collection of the evidence at the scene that can be then handed to experts belonging to other forensic disciplines for further evaluation and data interpretation. In this paper authors suggest a form aiming to facilitate either the on-site and the autopsy activities, as a guarantee of the quality of the forensic process starting from the discovery scene up to the reconstruction of the case. Essential is training of non-medical personnel who often represent the first responder to be present on the scene. The form is inspired by the interdisciplinary form developed by the European Council of Legal Medicine and represents an initial tool to stimulate a multidisciplinary activity in close synergy with other forensic experts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zoonoses: Focus on the Wildlife and Possible Application with GIS and Remote Sensing)
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