Emerging and Re-emerging Animal Diseases and Veterinary Public Health

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Clinical Studies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 4956

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana M. Aleandri, Rome, Italy
Interests: infectious diseases of livestock; zoonoses; vector-borne pathogens; diagnosis; surveillance; epidemiology; control

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Guest Editor
1. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Viale delle terme di Caracalla, 00153 - Rome, Italy
2. Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana M. Aleandri, Rome, Italy
Interests: global early warning systems; disease intelligence; wildlife; infectious diseases; epidemiology; zoonoses

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Today the regions of the world are more interconnected and interdependent than ever before. The intensification of agricultural practices, the deforestation, the intensification of the contacts at the interface between wildlife, domestic animals and humans, the climate change, the globalisation of trade and food and the increased volume and speed of international exchange, are among the main drivers leading to the emergence and the wide spread of infectious pathogens across the world.

The increasing pressures on land and natural resources have made today’s health challenges multidimensional, with increasing threats from the risks of disease epidemics and pandemics, antimicrobial resistance, environmental contamination, biodiversity loss, ecosystem degradation, and climate change, among others.

According to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), more than 60% of pathogens that could cause human infections are also pathogenic for wild or domestic animals, and 75% of emerging human pathogens are of animal origin. Infectious diseases of animals, which can be contagious to humans or compromise the food safety, represent a public health issue.

The uncontrolled circulation of animal pathogens threatens human health as well as livestock productions, which are the main asset of numerous livelihoods especially in developing countries. Diseases, which were once considered to be limited to tropical regions until few years ago, are now more frequent in a broader geographic range, as for example: lumpy skin disease, peste des petits ruminants, African swine fever and many arboviruses. The possible introduction, emergence and re-emergence of new and old pathogens is a matter of great concern across the globe, in particular for their potential impact on economy, food security, and human health.

Research providing new knowledge on different aspects of diseases and pathogens allows a better understanding of the current situation, thus providing tools to implement efficient surveillance and control measures. Original manuscripts that address emerging or re-emerging animal diseases are invited for this Special Issue. Topics of special interest are transboundary diseases of animals, vector-borne diseases, zoonoses, and viral, bacterial, and parasitic diseases affecting animal health and production.

Dr. Gian Mario Cosseddu
Dr. Andrea Capobianco Dondona
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • transboundary animal diseases
  • emerging and re-emerging diseases of livestock and wildlife
  • zoonotic diseases
  • parasitic diseases
  • vector-borne diseases
  • zoonoses
  • low/middle income countries

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1647 KiB  
Article
Haematological Alterations Associated with Selected Vector-Borne Infections and Exposure in Dogs from Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
by D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana, Erwin J. Gutiérrez-Grajales, Daniela Osorio-Navia, Mariana Chacón-Peña, Adrián E. Trejos-Mendoza, Soffia Pérez-Vargas, Lorenzo Valencia-Mejía, Luisa F. Marín-Arboleda, J. Paola Martínez-Hidalgo, María Angelica Reina-Mora, Luz Victoria González-Colonia, Jaime A. Cardona-Ospina, Erika Vanessa Jiménez-Posada, Diego Andrés Diaz-Guio, Jean Carlos Salazar, Manuel Sierra, Fausto Muñoz-Lara, Lysien I. Zambrano, Eduardo Ramírez-Vallejo, Juan Camilo Álvarez, Ingrid Lorena Jaramillo-Delgado, Samuel Pecho-Silva, Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi, Álvaro A. Faccini-Martínez and Alfonso J. Rodríguez-Moralesadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Animals 2022, 12(24), 3460; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12243460 - 8 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2520
Abstract
Infections due to Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Dirofilaria, Mycoplasma, Babesia and Hepatozoon continue to be highly prevalent in dogs, especially in tropical and subtropical areas, where vectors of many of them are present. However, many clinical aspects of dogs have not [...] Read more.
Infections due to Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Dirofilaria, Mycoplasma, Babesia and Hepatozoon continue to be highly prevalent in dogs, especially in tropical and subtropical areas, where vectors of many of them are present. However, many clinical aspects of dogs have not been characterized in detail, including assessing the haematological alterations associated with them, particularly in Colombia and Latin America. A group of 100 dogs with Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Dirofilaria, Mycoplasma, Babesia and Hepatozoon infections/exposure were assessed by blood smear serology (SNAP4DX) and PCR in Pereira, Colombia. We performed blood counts to evaluate anaemia, leukopenia/leukocytosis, neutropenia, neutrophilia, lymphopenia/lymphocytosis, monocytosis, eosinophilia, and thrombocytopenia, among other alterations. Bivariate analyses were performed on Stata®14, with significant p < 0.05. From the total, 85% presented ≥1 infection (past or present), 66% with coinfections (≥2 pathogens) (Ehrlichia 75%), and 89% presented clinical alterations. A total of 100% showed anaemia, 70% thrombocytopenia, 61% monocytosis, and 47% neutropenia, among other alterations. Additionally, 11% presented pancytopenia and 59% bicytopenia. The median platelet count was lower in infected dogs (126,000 cells/μL) versus non-infected (221,000 cells/μL) (p = 0.003). Thrombocytopenia was higher among infected dogs (75%) versus non-infected (40%) (p = 0.006), with a 91% positive predictive value for infection. Median neutrophil count was lower in infected dogs (6591 cells/μL) versus non-infected (8804 cells/μL) (p = 0.013). Lymphocytosis occurred only among those infected (27%) (p = 0.022). Leukopenia was only observed among infected dogs (13%). Pancytopenia was only observed among infected dogs. Ehrlichiosis and other hematic infections have led to a significant burden of haematological alterations on infected dogs, including pancytopenia in a tenth of them, most with thrombocytopenia and all anemic. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging and Re-emerging Animal Diseases and Veterinary Public Health)
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9 pages, 791 KiB  
Article
Molecular Detection and Genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Beef Cattle in Shanxi Province, North China
by Ya-Ya Liu, Rui-Lin Qin, Jin-Jin Mei, Yang Zou, Zhen-Huan Zhang, Wen-Bin Zheng, Qing Liu, Xing-Quan Zhu, Wen-Wei Gao and Shi-Chen Xie
Animals 2022, 12(21), 2961; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12212961 - 27 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1378
Abstract
Enterocytozoon bieneusi is an intracellular pathogen that can parasitize humans and a variety of animals. The infection of E. bieneusi in most hosts is asymptomatic, but in immunocompromised individuals, it can lead to serious complications such as acute diarrhea, dehydration, and even death. [...] Read more.
Enterocytozoon bieneusi is an intracellular pathogen that can parasitize humans and a variety of animals. The infection of E. bieneusi in most hosts is asymptomatic, but in immunocompromised individuals, it can lead to serious complications such as acute diarrhea, dehydration, and even death. However, no data on the prevalence and genotyping of E. bieneusi in beef cattle in Shanxi province are currently available. In this study, a total of 401 fecal samples were collected from beef cattle in farms from two representative counties—Qi county and Jishan county—in Shanxi province, north China. Nested PCR was applied to determine the prevalence and genotypes of E. bieneusi by amplifying and sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the rRNA gene. A total of 90 out of 401 samples were detected as E. bieneusi-positive, with 22.44% overall prevalence of E. bieneusi in beef cattle in Shanxi province. The highest prevalence of E. bieneusi was detected in calves (28.67%, 41/143) and male beef cattle (28.13%, 54/192). Statistical analysis revealed that the prevalence of E. bieneusi was significantly associated with gender and age factors (p < 0.05), but without any statistical difference among regions. Moreover, six known E. bieneusi genotypes (BEB4, BEB6, BEB8, J, I, and PigSpEb2) and two novel genotypes (designated CSC1 and CSC2) were identified by analysis of ITS sequences, and genotype I was the predominant genotype in these two counties. Phylogenetic analysis showed that five known genotypes and two novel genotypes were clustered into Group 2, but PigSpEb2 belonged to Group 1. To our knowledge, the present study demonstrated the presence and identified genotypes of E. bieneusi in beef cattle in Shanxi province for the first time, extending the data on prevalence and genotypes of E. bieneusi in beef cattle and providing baseline data for executing intervention measures to control it in the study regions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging and Re-emerging Animal Diseases and Veterinary Public Health)
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