Sustainable Strategies for Intensive Livestock Production Systems

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal System and Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 6329

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
Interests: agricultural building and environment control systems on animal production; animal welfare; animal production systems
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Guest Editor
Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
Interests: greenhouse gases and ammonia emissions from livestock farming; UAV-based techniques for environmental sensing; livestock housing; animal behaviour; animal tracking

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Guest Editor
Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
Interests: livestock housing; housing systems with respect to sustainability goals and technical innovations; freewalk dairy barns; climate control in livestock buildings; emissions of ammonia and greenhouse gases
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Guest Editor
Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agronomy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, GO, Brazil
Interests: animal welfare; environment control for animals; instrumentation; precision livestock farming (PLF); rural buildings

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
Interests: agricultural engineering; rural buildings; animal welfare; environment control for animals; gas emissions in animal facilities
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Livestock production systems are called upon for provision of the growing food demand expected over the next 30 years. Alongside the expansion of production, strategies to limit the environmental impact and ensure sustainable systems are necessary.

Some of the greatest challenges for intensive livestock systems relate to prioritized areas of interest such as the sustainable use of land resources and water, soil conservation and the reduction of emissions of atmospheric pollutants, including greenhouse gases. In this framework, applied research must find space for the study of novel approaches and techniques to be transferred to intensive farming systems in terms of designing efficient systems, processes and structures for the management of livestock and its productions, and promoting rational use of energy, water and plant resources.

The scope of this Special Issue is to gather theoretical and applied knowledge aiming to design sustainable systems based on innovative technologies, techniques and processes.

For this Special Issue, we invite original research papers and reviews improving knowledge and presenting scientific advances in techniques and practices applied to livestock production in intensive systems aiming to: (i) reduce the impacts on water, soils and air; and (ii) improve the efficiency of productions.

We are interested in topics including, but not limited, to:

  • Assessment and upgrade of environmental performances in intensive production;
  • Sustainable nutrient cycling in intensive livestock systems;
  • Techniques and technologies for reducing greenhouse gases and atmospheric pollutants emissions;
  • Optimization of manure management chain;
  • Designs and solutions for efficient energy and resource use;
  • Improvement of animal health, comfort and welfare in livestock management.

Prof. Dr. Ilda de Fátima Ferreira Tinôco
Dr. Valentina Becciolini
Prof. Dr. Matteo Barbari
Dr. Rafaella Resende Andrade
Dr. Fernanda Campos de Sousa
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • environmental footprint
  • animal health and welfare
  • animal behavior
  • indoor livestock systems
  • animal housings and buildings
  • technologies for livestock production
  • waste management
  • energy efficiency
  • renewable energy
  • circular economy

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 3111 KiB  
Article
Assessing Solutions for Resilient Dairy Farming in Europe
by Abele Kuipers, Søren Østergaard, Ralf Loges, Jelle Zijlstra and Valerie Brocard
Animals 2024, 14(20), 2991; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14202991 - 17 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1039
Abstract
The objective of the EU project Resilience for Dairy (R4D) is to develop and strengthen a self-sustainable Thematic Network on resilient dairy farms in 15 European countries. This article focusses on those solutions (practices and techniques) that are assessed contributing to a resilient [...] Read more.
The objective of the EU project Resilience for Dairy (R4D) is to develop and strengthen a self-sustainable Thematic Network on resilient dairy farms in 15 European countries. This article focusses on those solutions (practices and techniques) that are assessed contributing to a resilient dairy farming sector. The opinions of experts, farmers, and stakeholders were collected and scored through surveys and in a series of local workshops. Six key contributing knowledge fields are included: economic and social resilience, technical efficiency, environment, animal welfare and health, and societal perception. Assessing these knowledge fields proved to be a good predictor for measuring resilience. Only the impact fields of animal welfare and health and societal perception overlapped each other in response. This study shows differences in the choice of solutions across Europe. Experts from South and East Europe are more positive about the contribution of solutions to resilience than their colleagues from North and West Europe, except for social life items. Expert and farmer/stakeholder opinions differ regarding several of the solutions. Technical efficiency is a leading strategy. Priority topics of interest are communication with society, renewable energy production, strategic hoof trimming, early detection of diseases, monitoring fertility and health, and calf rearing. Besides resilience, attractiveness and readiness of the solutions were also assessed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Strategies for Intensive Livestock Production Systems)
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13 pages, 1495 KiB  
Article
Association of Dry Period Length with Automatic Milking System, Mastitis, and Reproductive Indicators in Cows
by Vigilijus Jukna, Edita Meškinytė, Ramūnas Antanaitis and Vida Juozaitienė
Animals 2024, 14(14), 2065; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14142065 - 14 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 997
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between dry period (DP) length and various indicators of productivity, reproduction, and udder health in cows managed with an automatic milking system. We analyzed records from 3861 cows, categorizing them into three groups [...] Read more.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between dry period (DP) length and various indicators of productivity, reproduction, and udder health in cows managed with an automatic milking system. We analyzed records from 3861 cows, categorizing them into three groups based on their DP duration: (1) <40 days, (2) 40–70 days, and (3) DP > 70 days. Cows with a DP of 40–70 days had an average energy-corrected milk production that was 8.2 kg greater than that of cows with a short DP and 5.0 kg greater than that of cows with a long DP (p < 0.001). Milk from the 40–70-day DP group exhibited the highest lactose concentration (4.64 ± 0.01%). Additionally, cows with the longest DP had the smallest proportion of animals with a milk fat-to-protein ratio of 1.2 to 1.4. Cows with a DP of 40–70 days also showed the lowest milk electrical conductivity across all udder quarters, whereas cows with the shortest DP had the highest conductivity. The highest conception rates were observed in the group with the shortest DP. These results suggest that a DP of 40–70 days is optimal for maximizing milk production and improving both udder health and reproductive performance under AMS. Proper management of DP duration can be an effective strategy for sustainable dairy herd management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Strategies for Intensive Livestock Production Systems)
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25 pages, 2263 KiB  
Article
Environmental Impacts of the Brazilian Egg Industry: Life Cycle Assessment of the Battery Cage Production System
by Fabiane de Fátima Maciel, Richard Stephen Gates, Ilda de Fátima Ferreira Tinôco, Nathan Pelletier, Maro A. Ibarburu-Blanc, Natalia dos Santos Renato, Fernanda Campos de Sousa, Rafaella Resende Andrade, Guilherme Moreira de Melo Silva and Valentina Becciolini
Animals 2024, 14(6), 861; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14060861 - 11 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1959
Abstract
Brazil stands as one of the world’s leading producers of animal protein, ranking sixth in global egg production. However, estimated growth in production demand, along with environmental impacts, represents a potential threat to the sustainability of the food system. Methods for assessing and [...] Read more.
Brazil stands as one of the world’s leading producers of animal protein, ranking sixth in global egg production. However, estimated growth in production demand, along with environmental impacts, represents a potential threat to the sustainability of the food system. Methods for assessing and quantifying the environmental impacts generated by Brazilian egg production remain scarce, lacking current reports on comparative effects or guiding standards. The objective of this study was to conduct a life cycle assessment from cradle to farm gate, adhering to ISO 14040 and 14044 standards, for the battery cage egg production systems and associated products in Brazil, with the aim of supporting and promoting sustainability improvements in the Brazilian egg industry. The entire life cycle modeling and process sustainability analysis were executed using the openLCA software, integrated with the Ecoinvent database. Emissions related to egg production yielded results of 65.06 kg SO2 eq., 27.74 kg N eq., 3086.71 kg CO2 eq., 75,152.66 CTUe, 2.75 × 10−5 CFC-11 eq., and 10,044.68 kg MJ eq. per ton of eggs produced. These findings can serve as comparative benchmarks for future studies and for analyzing data across different egg production systems in Brazil. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Strategies for Intensive Livestock Production Systems)
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13 pages, 1474 KiB  
Article
Recovery of Copper and Zinc from Livestock Bio-Sludge with An Environmentally Friendly Organic Acid Extraction
by Kuang-Wei Yen, Wei-Chen Chen and Jung-Jeng Su
Animals 2024, 14(2), 342; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14020342 - 22 Jan 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1412
Abstract
Pig farmers in Taiwan tend to overdose copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in animal feeds to ensure pig health. The application of Cu- or Zn-rich livestock compost to fields can result in high Cu/Zn residues in surface soil and violate limitations for zinc [...] Read more.
Pig farmers in Taiwan tend to overdose copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in animal feeds to ensure pig health. The application of Cu- or Zn-rich livestock compost to fields can result in high Cu/Zn residues in surface soil and violate limitations for zinc and copper in land applications. This study aims to extract Cu and Zn from sludge using organic acid or H2O2/organic acids. The livestock bio-sludge was dried and treated with different concentrations of acetic acid (1N, 2N, and 4N). The acid-extracted sludge was then treated with or without adding H2O2 during different periods (4, 24, and 48 h) to investigate the efficiency of acid extraction of Cu and Zn. The supernatant of the acid-extracted product was separated from the residues through centrifugation. Experimental results showed that the treatment set of dried bio-sludge with 2% H2O2 significantly promoted the removal efficiency of Cu and Zn from the bio-sludge (p < 0.01). The best removal efficiency of Cu and Zn from the bio-sludge was 40% and 70%, respectively, using 4N acetic acid in the 48 h group. The study shows a green method for extracting Cu and Zn from livestock sludge, enhancing the sustainability of intensive livestock farming. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Strategies for Intensive Livestock Production Systems)
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