The Application of Technology and Innovation to the Conservation of Carnivores (Mammalia: Carnivora)

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Ecology and Conservation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 December 2023) | Viewed by 2520

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
The Society for the Preservation of Endangered Carnivores & Their International Ecological Study, Ventura, CA 93006, USA
Interests: carnivores/carnivora (conservation, ecology, behavior, social science/ human dimensions); conservation policy; conservation practice/ planning; wildlife management; human-wildlife interactions; coexistence /conflict mitigation; large mammal conservation; small cats; tropical forest conservation; species conservation strategies; conservation technology; camera-trapping; occupancy/SECR modeling; predator-prey relationships; evidence-based applied conservation; rewilding/ ecological restoration; habitat corridors & connectivity; conservation on private land; noninvasive genetic sampling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Important to ecosystem health, functioning, and processes, carnivores (carnivorans) are also often difficult to detect, survey, and research. Their cryptic and elusive behavior, relatively low population density, often large home ranges, and sometimes remote habitats, can present challenges and obstacles to their research, and to the implementation of impactful conservation actions that benefit them. Because many carnivore species are already threatened with extinction and are experiencing both local and/or rangewide population declines, this is particularly problematic. Effectively addressing these challenges must be considered a critical global biodiversity conservation priority.

Recent years have seen the advancement of technologies and/or innovations applied to solve or address conservation problems and challenges, including climate change, environmental sustainability, and biodiversity conservation. A proliferation of such technologies and approaches to further wildlife research, mitigate human-wildlife conflict, and even tackle illegal wildlife trafficking, show promise and may present real solutions moving forward.

We invite original research, case studies, and profiles involving or describing the application of emerging tools or methodologies that show great promise in advancing the conservation research and/or practice of carnivores. Relevant topics include, but are not limited to, the use of technology and innovation to monitor and survey carnivore populations or community interactions, resolve human-wildlife conflict or otherwise facilitate coexistence with carnivore populations, improve recruitment and/or survival of different carnivore species (e.g., reducing poaching or roadkill, rehabilitation and reintroduction, increasing reproductive success, etc.), and disrupt the trade in live carnivores and their skins and parts (e.g., bears, large felids). Technologies or tools/approaches need not necessarily be “advanced”, but instead could simply highlight novel or innovative tools and use contexts.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Anthony J. Giordano
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • carnivora
  • large carnivores
  • small carnivores
  • conservation technology
  • innovation
  • evidence
  • impact
  • big cats
  • canids
  • bears
  • small cats
  • conservation practice
  • canids/canidae

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 1865 KiB  
Article
Patterns of Wolf Dispersal Respond to Harvest Density across an Island Complex
by Gretchen H. Roffler, Kristine L. Pilgrim and Benjamin C. Williams
Animals 2024, 14(4), 622; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14040622 - 15 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1023
Abstract
Wolves are highly mobile predators and can disperse across a variety of habitats and over long distances. However, less is known about dispersal capabilities across water and among islands. The biogeography of island systems fosters spatially structured local populations, and their degree of [...] Read more.
Wolves are highly mobile predators and can disperse across a variety of habitats and over long distances. However, less is known about dispersal capabilities across water and among islands. The biogeography of island systems fosters spatially structured local populations, and their degree of connectivity may influence the dynamics and long-term viability of the regional population. We sought to quantify wolf dispersal rate, distance, and dispersal sex bias throughout Prince of Wales Island, a 6670 km2 island in southeast Alaska, and the surrounding islands that constitute the wildlife management unit (9025 km2). We also investigated patterns of dispersal in relation to hunting and trapping intensity and wolf population density. We used DNA data collected during 2012–2021 long-term monitoring efforts and genotyped 811 wolves, 144 of which (18%) were dispersers. Annual dispersal rates were 9–23% and had a weakly positive relationship with wolf density. Wolves dispersed 41.9 km on average (SD = 23.7 km), and males and females did not disperse at different rates. Of the dispersing wolves, 107 died, and the majority (n = 81) died before they were able to settle. The leading manner of death was trapping (97% of mortalities), and wolves tended to disperse from areas with low harvest density to areas where harvest density was relatively higher. Dispersal occurred both to and from small islands and the larger Prince of Wales Island, indicating bidirectional as opposed to asymmetrical movement, and the genetic overlap of wolf groups demonstrates connectivity throughout this naturally patchy system. Island ecosystems have different predator–prey dynamics and recolonization processes than large, intact systems due to their isolation and restricted sizes; thus, a better understanding of the degree of population connectivity including dispersal patterns among islands in the Prince of Wales archipelago could help inform the management and research strategies of these wolves. Full article
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9 pages, 1191 KiB  
Article
First Capture of a Jaguar Using a Minimally Invasive Capture System for GPS Tracking in an Isolated Patch of Atlantic Forest in Southern Brazil
by Francisco Palomares, Tarcízio Antônio Rego de Paula and Ana Carolina Srbek-Araujo
Animals 2023, 13(21), 3314; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13213314 - 25 Oct 2023
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Abstract
This study presents the first successful capture using GPS tagging of a jaguar (Panthera onca) using a minimally invasive capture system (MICS). We used snare-foot traps and a MICS during two capture campaigns in a fragment of Atlantic Forest in southeastern [...] Read more.
This study presents the first successful capture using GPS tagging of a jaguar (Panthera onca) using a minimally invasive capture system (MICS). We used snare-foot traps and a MICS during two capture campaigns in a fragment of Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil. The specimen disarmed snares on different occasions, and capture was only possible with the MICS. The captured jaguar, an estimated 16-year-old adult male, was monitored using a GPS Vertex Plus Iridium collar with an optimal performance of 86% in expected locations. The jaguar’s home range (659 km2 by MPC and 174 km2 by 95%K) was within the observed range for the species and the animal was primarily maintained in protected areas. The habitat types most frequently used were native grassland (27.2% of 4798 fixes), marsh (24.8%), and dense lowland forest (24.7%). The use of a MICS for trapping jaguars is a promising technique that shows advantages in terms of efficiency, selectivity, portability, reduced potential risk of injury to animals or trappers, and animal stress compared to other capture methods used for the species. Full article
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