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Veterinary Clinical Studies on Dairy Cattle and Dogs
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Veterinary Clinical Studies on Dairy Cattle and Dogs

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Clinical Studies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 14570

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Raffaella Cocco

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Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
Interests: animal welfare; oxidative stress; internal medicine; behavioral pathology; adverse reactions to food; circus animals; effects of the human-animal relationship

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are proposing a Special Issue based on Veterinary Clinical Studies on Dairy Cattle and Dogs. The transition period in dairy cattle includes significant physiological changes, which increase the risk of metabolic imbalances. The multitude of ailments that dairy cows face during this period is a constant source of concern for milk producers, nutritionists, and veterinarians. The total incidence of disease during the many weeks after delivery constitutes a substantial part of all morbidity in dairy cows, with particularly high rates of dairy fever, the downer cow syndrome, hypomagnesaemia, ketosis, fatty liver, metritis, poor fertility, breast edema, mastitis, and displacement of abomas, among other problems. These disorders are often interdependent, and this, along with dramatic changes in endocrine function and the metabolism associated with childbirth and the initiation of breastfeeding, cause a difficult period that has been at the center of a great deal of research in recent decades. Veterinarians who deal with dog clinics are increasingly faced with pathologies related to strong selective pressure in dog breeding, with subjects increasingly predisposed to presenting metabolic pathologies, allergies, tumors, adverse reactions to food, and behavioral pathologies. How connected are these elements? How much do oxidative stress, selection, diet, and lifestyle influence the increase of these pathological conditions? What is the relationship between these factors, the intestinal microbiota, and behavior? There are many questions to which we would like to find answers in this Special Issue.

Dr. Raffaella Cocco
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Ketosis in dairy cattle
  • Hypocalcemia
  • Selection and pathology
  • Gut microbiota in dogs
  • Oxidative stress
  • Adverse food reactions in dogs

Published Papers (5 papers)

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9 pages, 1393 KiB  
Article
Efficacy Evaluation of a Combined Hemorrhagic Septicemia–Mastitis Vaccine in Dairy Cows and Buffaloes
by Qudratullah, Ghulam Muhammad, Tariq Jamil, Imaad Rashid, Qudrat Ullah and Muhammad Saqib
Animals 2022, 12(6), 706; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12060706 - 11 Mar 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3050
Abstract
Hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) and mastitis caused by Pasteurella (P.) multocida, Staphylococcus (S.) aureus and Streptococcus (Str.) agalactiae are important ailments of the dairy industry especially in South Asia. The present study evaluates the efficacy of a locally prepared hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) and [...] Read more.
Hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) and mastitis caused by Pasteurella (P.) multocida, Staphylococcus (S.) aureus and Streptococcus (Str.) agalactiae are important ailments of the dairy industry especially in South Asia. The present study evaluates the efficacy of a locally prepared hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) and mastitis combined vaccine. To this end, a total of 70 HS, S. aureus and Str. agalactiae-free lactating (early stage of lactation) buffaloes (n = 45) and cows (n = 25), and 50 lactating (early stage of lactation) cows (n = 25) and buffaloes (n = 25) positive for S. aureus/Str. agalactiae were subjected to two doses of HS–mastitis combined vaccine with an interval of 21 days. Antibody response was monitored by ELISA up to six months (180 days). Antibody titers against HS and mastitis were significantly (p ˂ 0.05) higher in vaccinated groups as compared to the non-vaccinated groups. Cumulative mean somatic cell counts and mastitis severity scores in vaccinated groups were significantly lower (p < 0.05), and milk yield was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those in the respective non-vaccinated controls. In conclusion, Montanide®-adjuvanted HS–mastitis combined vaccine showed significant immunogenic effects in dairy cows and buffaloes. However, challenge studies remain overdue. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Veterinary Clinical Studies on Dairy Cattle and Dogs)
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8 pages, 533 KiB  
Article
A Comparison of Times Taken for the Placement of the First Portal and Complication Rates between the Veress Needle Technique and the Modified Hasson Technique in Canine Ovariectomy Laparoscopic Surgery
by Amanda Bianchi, Francesco Collivignarelli, Massimo Vignoli, Lorenzo Scaletta, Amedeo Cuomo, Ilaria Falerno, Andrea Paolini and Roberto Tamburro
Animals 2021, 11(10), 2936; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11102936 - 11 Oct 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2100
Abstract
Minimally invasive surgery is increasingly being used in veterinary medicine. Laparoscopic procedures have several advantages compared with open surgery. These include the magnification of the field of surgery, reduced post-surgical pain and associated stress, reduced post-operative infection rates, and decreased hospitalization time. The [...] Read more.
Minimally invasive surgery is increasingly being used in veterinary medicine. Laparoscopic procedures have several advantages compared with open surgery. These include the magnification of the field of surgery, reduced post-surgical pain and associated stress, reduced post-operative infection rates, and decreased hospitalization time. The establishment of a pneumoperitoneum is a critical step; however, this procedure can prolong the operation time, and most of the complications associated with laparoscopic surgery have been attributed to the insertion of devices into the abdominal cavity. Two main techniques have been employed to create pneumoperitoneum: the closed-entry method using the Veress needle and the open Hasson technique. The first portal is necessary to start insufflation and, subsequently, to realize the operative channel to insert the laparoscopic instruments into the abdomen. Many authors have compared the time necessary to create the first portal using different techniques in human medicine, but studies on this topic in veterinary medicine are lacking. In the veterinary medicine literature, complications associated with the creation of a pneumoperitoneum and the placement of ports include spleen, bowel, or bladder injuries; pneumothorax; and subcutaneous emphysema. The aim of the present study was to compare the times required for the placement of the first portal and the creation of pneumoperitoneum, and the rates of intraoperative complications using the Veress needle technique (VNT) and the open modified Hasson technique (MHT). The sample population comprised 30 female dogs who underwent laparoscopic ovariectomies. The dogs were randomly organized into two groups and two different entry techniques were used: Veress needle (VNT = group A) and the modified Hasson technique (MHT = group B). Complications related to abdominal entry were classified as major, in cases of organ perforation, and minor, in cases of subcutaneous emphysema and gas leakage. The VNT and MHT required 374.0 s and 242.9 s, respectively, for the placement of the first portal and for establishing pneumoperitoneum (p < 0.05). Their major complications rates were 20% and 0%, respectively (p < 0.05). Their minor complications rates were 20% and 35%, respectively (p < 0.05). No surgical procedures required laparotomy. The MHT was associated with a lower major complication rate and required less time to create the first portal, compared with the Veress needle technique. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Veterinary Clinical Studies on Dairy Cattle and Dogs)
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10 pages, 276 KiB  
Article
Effect of Yeast-Fermented Citrus Pulp as a Protein Source on Nutrient Intake, Digestibility, Nitrogen Balance and In Situ Digestion Kinetics in Nili Ravi Buffalo Bulls
by Awais Shabbir, Muhammad Sharif, Khurram Ashfaq, Amjad Islam Aqib, Muhammad Saeed, Alessandro Di Cerbo and Mahmoud Alagawany
Animals 2021, 11(6), 1713; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11061713 - 8 Jun 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4258 | Correction
Abstract
A study was carried out to evaluate the effect of single cell protein (SCP) supplement as a protein source on nutrient intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and in situ digestion kinetics in four Nili Ravi buffalo bulls. Four iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous concentrates containing 3, [...] Read more.
A study was carried out to evaluate the effect of single cell protein (SCP) supplement as a protein source on nutrient intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and in situ digestion kinetics in four Nili Ravi buffalo bulls. Four iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous concentrates containing 3, 6, 9 and 12% of Saccharomyces cerevisiae-fermented citrus pulp were formulated. All animals were fed a ration with a concentrate/forage ratio of 50:50. Diets were provided ad libitum twice a day as a total mixed ration in a 4 × 4 Latin Square Design. Each experimental period lasted 3 weeks while the overall study 12 weeks. The first 2 weeks of each experimental period were used as adaptation period while the third week as collection period. Chemical composition of fermented citrus pulp appeared as an excellent source of protein. No significant difference was observed on dry matter intake, digestibility of nutrients and SCP among all the treatments. Moreover, no significant effect was observed on ruminal pH and ammonia nitrogen at different times. Rate of disappearance and lag time of in situ dry matter digestion kinetics remained nonsignificant regardless of SCP percentage. Based on results of similar nutrients intake, nutrient digestibility, and ruminal parameters it is concluded that SCP could be used in the concentrate diet of ruminant up to 12%. Furthermore, the SCP has the potential of an alternative protein source in animal diet formulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Veterinary Clinical Studies on Dairy Cattle and Dogs)
8 pages, 23060 KiB  
Article
Increased Expression of Toll-Like Receptor 4 in Skin of Dogs with Discoid Lupus Erythematous (DLE)
by Alessandro Di Cerbo, Sara Giusti, Francesca Mariotti, Andrea Spaterna, Giacomo Rossi and Gian Enrico Magi
Animals 2021, 11(4), 1044; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11041044 - 8 Apr 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2237
Abstract
Discoid lupus erythematous (DLE) is a common autoimmune skin disorder of dogs where keratinocytes play a pivotal role both in the innate and adaptive immune responses. As for the innate response, pattern recognition receptors (PRR), including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), can activate macrophages and [...] Read more.
Discoid lupus erythematous (DLE) is a common autoimmune skin disorder of dogs where keratinocytes play a pivotal role both in the innate and adaptive immune responses. As for the innate response, pattern recognition receptors (PRR), including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), can activate macrophages and immune tissue cells allowing for transmission and transduction of signals through cytokine and chemokine release to improve host defenses. In particular, TLR4 can also recognize endogenous molecules such as heat shock proteins produced during reactions to tissue damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of TLR4, a bacterial lipopolysaccharide sensor, in the skin of dogs with DLE and in normal skin to evaluate a possible involvement of this receptor in the disease pathogenesis. Skin samples of affected dogs had a diffuse and intense expression of TLR4 in the epidermis. Also, the inflammatory infiltrates were immunolabelled. The expression was significantly higher in DLE skin compared to normal skin (**** p < 0.0001). In conclusion, dogs with DLE showed an altered expression of TLR4, which might play an important pathogenic role in the ongoing immunopathologic process, thus being considered a valuable therapeutic potential target for DLE. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Veterinary Clinical Studies on Dairy Cattle and Dogs)
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1 pages, 162 KiB  
Correction
Correction: Shabbir et al. Effect of Yeast-Fermented Citrus Pulp as a Protein Source on Nutrient Intake, Digestibility, Nitrogen Balance and In Situ Digestion Kinetics in Nili Ravi Buffalo Bulls. Animals 2021, 11, 1713
by Awais Shabbir, Muhammad Sharif, Khurram Ashfaq, Amjad Islam Aqib, Muhammad Saeed, Alessandro Di Cerbo and Mahmoud Alagawany
Animals 2022, 12(19), 2514; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12192514 - 21 Sep 2022
Viewed by 990
Abstract
Awais Shabbir was mistakenly written as “Muhammad Awais” in the original publication [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Veterinary Clinical Studies on Dairy Cattle and Dogs)
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