Trilobites and Their Kin: Evolution, Diversity, and Fossil Insights

A special issue of Arthropoda (ISSN 2813-3323).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2024) | Viewed by 1664

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Departamento de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: cambrian and ordovician trilobites; paleozoic diversity and disparity; functional morphology and biomechanics; ecomorphological trends

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Guest Editor
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
Interests: evolution; functional morphology; morphometrics; trilobites

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue "Trilobites and Their Kin: Evolution, Diversity, and Fossil Insights" offers a comprehensive exploration of trilobites and their relatives. Trilobites, ancient arthropods, hold a unique position in paleontology and evolution due to their diversity and extensive fossil record. This Special Issue covers various aspects of trilobite biology, evolution, and their significance in earth sciences, targeting a multidisciplinary audience. Topics include taxonomy, phylogeny, diversity, morphology, paleoecology, taphonomy, preservation, biogeography, and evolutionary patterns. The papers published in this Special Issue will delve into trilobite evolution, ecological roles, habitats, and interactions. Furthermore, they will shed light on their distribution, adaptations, and the broader insights trilobite fossils offer regarding Earth's history, climate change, and mass extinctions. Authors are encouraged to submit manuscripts fostering a deeper understanding of these remarkable creatures.

Dr. Jorge Esteve
Dr. Francesc Pérez-Peris
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • trilobites
  • paleontology
  • fossil record
  • evolutionary biology
  • extinct species
  • taxonomy
  • cambrian period
  • ordovician period
  • fossil preservation
  • ancient ecosystems
  • geological history
  • trilobite evolution
  • trilobite fossils
  • trilobite classification

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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24 pages, 8603 KiB  
Review
Trilobite Eyes and Their Evolution
by Brigitte Schoenemann
Arthropoda 2025, 3(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/arthropoda3010003 - 14 Feb 2025
Viewed by 701
Abstract
Trilobites, as typical euarthropods, possess compound eyes. In 1901, Lindström was the first to describe them in detail; on the one hand, we reconsider his descriptions of the different modes of trilobite eyes; on the other hand, we expand this by compiling the [...] Read more.
Trilobites, as typical euarthropods, possess compound eyes. In 1901, Lindström was the first to describe them in detail; on the one hand, we reconsider his descriptions of the different modes of trilobite eyes; on the other hand, we expand this by compiling the observations that have been possible in recent years. There are two, perhaps three kinds of trilobite compound eyes. The first are the primordial holochroal eyes, which are actually apposition compound eyes, similar to those of many modern diurnal crustaceans and insects. The abathochroal eyes, often referred to as the second form, are probably a subtype of the holochroal eyes. Consequently, the second is the schizochroal eye of phacopid trilobites, which are hyper-compound eyes composed of numerous small compound eyes below each of the big lenses, which appear from outside as one big lateral eye each. Thirdly, one may call the maculae light-sensitive organs, but this is still uncertain. Comparing what are probably the oldest trilobite eyes described so far with other forms, it is possible to conclude that the sensory apparatus is much older than the fossil record of trilobite eyes and probably developed in Precambrian times. The refractive apparatus, however, was developed later and separately within the systematic groups. This explains why, for example, the mandibulates have a lens and a crystalline cone. Still, the chelicerate xiphosurans, such as horseshoe crabs or eurypterids, possess a lens cylinder with an index gradient but no crystalline cone. Furthermore, this can explain why the calcite character of trilobites is unique in the arthropod kingdom. An important discovery is the probably epidermal, lens-building cells encompassing a prospective lens of Schmidtiellus reetae Bergström 1973 from the early Lower Cambrian of Estonia. We reconsider the morphology of hypostome maculae and interpret them as a potential phylogenetic relict and a potential predecessor of all arthropod ommatidial compound eyes. It will be of great relevance for future research to understand the evolution of compound eyes and vision because we witness the emergence of the first lenses in the trilobite, if not the arthropod kingdom. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trilobites and Their Kin: Evolution, Diversity, and Fossil Insights)
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