Power Systems Analysis Emphasising to the Connection of Electric Vehicles and Storage Devices—Policy Limitations across the Globe

A special issue of Applied System Innovation (ISSN 2571-5577).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2019) | Viewed by 19039

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
UBITECH Energy Sprl, Koningin Astridlaan 59b, 1780 Wemmel, Belgium
Interests: high-voltage engineering; transmission and distribution lines; distributed generation; lightning performance and protection; energy storage; energy markets and artificial neural networks
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Joint Research Center, Ispra, Italy
Interests: Smart Grid Technology; System Interoperability; ICT Vulnerabilities; System Simulations

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Energy production from zero carbon emission sources is the leading solution towards the decarbonization of the society and the security of energy supply, as indicated by the respective European policy at the Energy Union level. This is a technical, but also a policy challenge. On the technical level, issues of renewables intermittency and the constraints for the connection of electric vehicles should be effectively addressed. Energy storage could substantially contribute in this direction. On the policy level, more efficient operation of the market is required to accommodate flexible demand and electric vehicle charging and discharging.

Having mentioned the above, it is of paramount importance to create sustainable design solutions, which shall benefit from the advanced simulation tools available to the research community. This will enhance the operation of the electricity distribution system per se, to the degree that it will become more sustainable.

Potential topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

  • Power system analysis/dynamics for facilitating the connection of electric vehicles and storage devices;
  • Modeling the impact of large-scale penetration of EV on electricity networks;
  • Microgrid systems analysis;
  • Smart control of electric vehicles and storage devices;
  • Analysis of the integration of electric vehicles and storage devices to the electricity grid on market level;
  • Electromobility (E-Mobility) as an enabler for meeting emission requirements and market demands;
  • Issues of optimization and innovative algorithms to meet the abovementioned challenges;
  • Energy policy issues for electric vehicles and storage;
  • EV market penetration and impacts on energy consumption;
  • Markets and regulatory framework for electric vehicles and storage connected to the grid;
  • Batteries for electric vehicles and grid storage applications; EV as a storage in the smart grid, vehicle-to-grid (V2G) applications, and their impact to demand response;
  • Foresight and futuristic applications for the connection of electric vehicles and storage devices to the grid;
  • Demonstration projects on EV infrastructure and storage system deployment.

Prof. Dr. Lambros Ekonomou
Dr. Evangelos Kotsakis
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Power system analysis
  • System dynamics
  • Steady state
  • Electric vehicles
  • Storage devices

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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16 pages, 6177 KiB  
Article
Electric Vehicle Penetration in Distribution Network: A Swedish Case Study
by Henrik Maninnerby, Sune Bergerland, Stavros Lazarou and Andreas Theocharis
Appl. Syst. Innov. 2019, 2(3), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/asi2030019 - 28 Jun 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3350
Abstract
This study aims to simulate the use of renewable energy in the form of different energy sources, such as solar cells, district heating, and in the presence of battery storage and for high penetration of electric vehicles in a typical Swedish power grid. [...] Read more.
This study aims to simulate the use of renewable energy in the form of different energy sources, such as solar cells, district heating, and in the presence of battery storage and for high penetration of electric vehicles in a typical Swedish power grid. The EnergyPLAN software is used. The purpose is to examine the demands in order to cope with the needs that may arise and to create a better understanding of how renewable energy affects the power balance and future investments in the case of a typical Swedish distribution system. The importance of this research is mainly based on the fact that it represents a real network, as it operates today, which is analyzed using the expected electric vehicle penetration. The aim is to investigate the expansion needs for maintaining the current quality for service despite the addition of new loads. In addition, the regional and national special regulatory and operational requirements are taken into account and described in this work. Full article
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21 pages, 2661 KiB  
Review
Developments in Electric and Green Marine Ships
by Agis G. Koumentakos
Appl. Syst. Innov. 2019, 2(4), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/asi2040034 - 28 Oct 2019
Cited by 34 | Viewed by 15156
Abstract
The maritime industry, among all other industries, is being forced to gradually reduce its emissions. Legislation is one of the tools applying this pressure, and from 1 January 2020, it focuses on the reduction of sulfur percentage in the heavy fuel oil (HFO)-powered [...] Read more.
The maritime industry, among all other industries, is being forced to gradually reduce its emissions. Legislation is one of the tools applying this pressure, and from 1 January 2020, it focuses on the reduction of sulfur percentage in the heavy fuel oil (HFO)-powered vessels to 0.5%. In the beginning of this paper, the harmful environmental contribution of the naval sector is presented, along with the current legislation. The maritime industry is in a transitional stage, diverging from fossil fuels through alternative technologies and fuels, aiming to become over the long term a zero-emission industry. However, there are many implemented technologies, mostly of a mechanical nature, that already improve the efficiency of vessels and indirectly reduce their emissions. Such technologies include shaft generators (SGs), scrubbers, etc. The aim is for alternative fuels and technologies such as solar and wind to be implemented, too. Such technologies, when combined with the advantages of digitalization and automation, can further reduce emissions toward zero-emission vessels (ZEVs) through integrated systems. The present paper serves the purpose of a common point of gathering, addressing, and explaining the latest updates, previous achievements, and future targets of the maritime sector. The very nature of the subject—electric propulsion in the maritime sector—makes it very difficult to find sufficient and trustworthy data. There are two main reasons for this problem. The first one is that electric vehicles became commercial at a large scale (electric cars) very recently, and are still in a transitional stage. The second reason is that the maritime industry is very competitive; therefore, state-of-the-art technologies and data that give each company the lead are rarely published, and when they do, it happens very discreetly. In the quantitative part of the paper, where the photovoltaic (PV) and battery system calculations take place, there is no use of a specific model rather than a simplified approach. The purpose of the calculations is to show that with the present technologies, a purely solar-powered commercial vessel (such as RoRo, passenger, etc.) is technically impossible, and that there could be only a small contribution—of around 7%—to the electricity needs of a roll-on/roll-off (RoRo)-passenger ship. The state of the art finds a very short number of vessels that already use battery propulsion, but is expected to increase in the upcoming years. The present paper not only presents an overview of the state-of-the-art achievements in the electric propulsion of vessels, it also considers the exploitation of the continuous growth that the battery market is facing. As stated before, batteries are on the up, and this is due to the emerging need for energy storage in electricity grids that depend increasingly on renewable energy sources (RES). The paper makes a first consideration about the feasibility and possible benefits of implementing grid-like battery systems on-board vessels. In such a scenario, vessels would acquire significantly bigger energy capacity, allowing greater travel distances, a possible contribution of 44% of the vessel’s total power requirements (propulsion included), and a surplus as far as electricity requirements are concerned. There is also the more futuristic long-term scenario where Green Ports would charge vessels purely from RES dedicated to the port’s needs. The last part of the paper contains a qualitative assessment about the possible impacts that a battery-powered maritime industry could have. Full article
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