Particulate Matter in the Mediterranean Basin: Trends and Physicochemical Properties

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Air Quality".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 3471

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
Interests: air pollution; exposure assessment; environmental epidemiology

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Guest Editor
Laboratory - Isle of Excellence of Environmental Fluid Mechanics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
Interests: atmospheric pollution; air quality measurements; boundary layer meteorology; urban air quality; multiresolution analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Air pollution is considered an emerging public health problem in the Mediterranean basin. More specifically, Mediterranean countries are experiencing high concentrations of ambient particulate matter (PM) which exceed the daily European and WHO standards quite a few times within the year. Specifically, the WHO has estimated that 2/3 of Mediterranean countries exceed PM and ozone standards, and that around 7 million people, including more than 400,000 in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, died prematurely in 2012 because of air pollution. PM levels are influenced by locally produced and transported anthropogenic and natural origin air pollution. These include mainly traffic emissions, resuspended road dust, wildfires, dust storms from Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, transported air pollution particles from Western Europe, and sea salt. The region experiences quite a few challenges in comparison to other countries such as Northern European countries that have lower pollution levels. Several countries of the region lack adequate monitoring systems, regulations, and ground measurements, such as PM2.5 concentration levels. In addition, Mediterranean countries are highly affected by dust storms which are difficult to regulate due to their natural origin and are expected to increase in intensity and frequency in due to climate change. For this reason, it is important to understand the physicochemical properties and the transport mechanism of PM emissions to strengthen the evidence needed for policy action and contribute to preventive action in countries.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to gather evidence on the PM levels (PM1, PM2.5, PM10) and the impact of sources in countries across the Mediterranean region. This information can be used to improve our understanding on the impact and trends of sources of PM, support public health studies, assess intervention strategies, and inform policymakers. We therefore invite you to submit a novel research study or a review study that investigates the PM levels, composition, and sources in the Mediterranean region.

Dr. Souzana Achilleos
Dr. Petros Mouzourides
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • air pollution
  • air quality
  • air quality measurements
  • exposure assessment
  • particulate matter
  • dust storms
  • wildfires
  • sea salt

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

24 pages, 11724 KiB  
Article
Dust Climatology of Turkey as a Part of the Eastern Mediterranean Basin via 9-Year CALIPSO-Derived Product
by S. Yeşer Aslanoğlu, Emmanouil Proestakis, Antonis Gkikas, Gülen Güllü and Vassilis Amiridis
Atmosphere 2022, 13(5), 733; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13050733 - 4 May 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2685
Abstract
Turkey is located in the heart of complex transition geography between Eurasia and the Middle East. In the grand scheme, the so-called eastern Mediterranean Basin is located almost in the middle of the dusty belt, and is a hot spot of climate change. [...] Read more.
Turkey is located in the heart of complex transition geography between Eurasia and the Middle East. In the grand scheme, the so-called eastern Mediterranean Basin is located almost in the middle of the dusty belt, and is a hot spot of climate change. The downstream location of dust-carrying winds from close desert sources reveals Turkey as an open plane to particulate matter exposure throughout the year. In order to clarify this phenomenon, this paper aims to determine the desert dust climatology of Turkey via CALIPSO onboard Lidar. This prominent instrument enables us to understand clouds, aerosols and their types, and related climatic systems, with its valuable products. In this study, a 9-year CALIPSO-derived pure dust product dataset was formed to explain horizontal and vertical distributions, transport heights and case incidences. The results indicated that the pure dust extinction coefficient increased as the location shifted from west to east. Moreover, in the same direction of west to east, the dominant spring months changed to summer and autumn. Mountain range systems surrounding Anatolia were the main obstacles against lofted and buoyant dust particles travelling to northern latitudes. Even if high ridges accumulated mass load on the southern slopes, they also enabled elevated particles to reach the ground level of the inner cities. Full article
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