Toxicity and Health Effects of Fine Particulate Matter

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Air Quality and Human Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (22 January 2024) | Viewed by 1814

Special Issue Editor

School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
Interests: aerosol health effects; toxicity; oxidative stress; aerosol chemical composition; aerosol sources

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Air pollution is one of the greatest health challenges of our time. The World Health Organization (WHO) data show that 9 out of 10 people breathe air that exceeds WHO guideline limits containing high levels of pollutants. Among the air pollutants, atmospheric particulate matter (PM), especially fine PM (also called PM2.5) poses the greatest risk to human health. Several million premature deaths are attributed to fine PM exposure annually. PM consists of black carbon, metals, inorganic, organic, and biological components. Due to the chemical complexity and spatiotemporal diversity of fine PM, the PM toxicity and the mechanisms in causing damage to the human body are still poorly understood. Additionally, a growing body of evidence suggests that the associated diseases and health outcomes from exposure to fine PM may extend beyond those of currently recognized.

This Special Issue invites submissions of novel and original research articles that:

  • Explore the key components responsible for PM toxicity.
  • Identify and quantify the source contributions to PM toxicity.
  • Investigate the biological mechanisms of PM in causing damage.
  • Determine the oxidative potential of PM and the link to health risks.
  • Estimate the health consequences of PM exposure.

Dr. Fobang Liu
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • fine particulate matter (PM2.5)
  • toxicology
  • biological mechanisms
  • oxidative stress
  • oxidative potential
  • chemical composition
  • sources
  • exposure
  • health outcomes
  • epidemiology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 1416 KiB  
Article
Chemical Characterization of Rural Organic Aerosol in the North China Plain Using Ultrahigh-Resolution Mass Spectrometry
by Yun Zhang, Xu Gao, Xingang Hou, Mingyuan Liu, Jiajun Han and Hongyan Zhang
Atmosphere 2023, 14(11), 1636; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14111636 - 31 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1292
Abstract
Atmospheric organic aerosol (OA) affects air quality and human health. However, compared with urban areas, the chemical composition and temporal distribution of OA in rural regions are still not well understood. In this study, one-year atmospheric particles with an aerodynamic equivalent diameter of [...] Read more.
Atmospheric organic aerosol (OA) affects air quality and human health. However, compared with urban areas, the chemical composition and temporal distribution of OA in rural regions are still not well understood. In this study, one-year atmospheric particles with an aerodynamic equivalent diameter of ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) were collected at a rural site in Quzhou County, the North China Plain (NCP), from August 2020 to July 2021. OA in PM2.5 samples were analyzed with an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatograph (UHPLC) coupled to an ultrahigh-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometer in negative mode (ESI−). The results show that the chemical composition and properties of OA varied in different seasons. According to the hierarchical cluster analysis, the molecular formulas of winter OA were close to those in spring, whereas the chemical composition of OA in summer and autumn was similar. The O/C ratio of summer OA was the highest at 1.21, followed by that in autumn (0.92) and spring (0.87), while the winter OA had the lowest O/C ratio of 0.64. It indicates that, compared to the other three seasons, OA underwent more intense oxidation processes in the summer. Moreover, winter OA contained more aromatic compounds with a relative peak abundance fraction of 40%, which may be related to anthropogenic sources (e.g., coal burning) in the winter in the NCP. In addition, biomass burning is considered an important source of OA in the rural region of Quzhou County, the NCP, in all seasons. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicity and Health Effects of Fine Particulate Matter)
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