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Atmosphere
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Nitrous Oxide Emission in the Atmosphere
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Nitrous Oxide Emission in the Atmosphere

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Air Quality".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2019) | Viewed by 7050

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Eliza Harris

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Plant, Soil and Ecosystem Processes Research Group, Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is one of the dominant anthropogenic greenhouse gases, with a global warming potential nearly 300 times higher than that of CO2; in addition, it is the most important contributor to stratospheric ozone destruction emitted in the 21st century. The mole fraction of tropospheric N2O has increased from 270 ppb in preindustrial times to the current level of over 330 ppb—particularly concerning is a recent acceleration in the growth rate over the past 10–20 years. N2O is long-lived, with an estimated lifetime of around 116 ± 9 years, and it is emitted from highly variable, disperse sources, which complicates the efforts to quantify the emission processes and develop effective mitigation strategies.

This Special Issue aims to bring together different perspectives on N2O emissions at varying spatial and temporal scales. We, therefore, invite submissions on wide-ranging topics, such as microbial ecology and microscale N2O emission processes, biogeochemical process modelling, innovative field measurements and isotopic techniques, long-term measurement series, inversion modelling, and the effects of climate change on N2O emissions in the future. Taken together, the papers in this Special Issue will encourage an interdisciplinary view of N2O in the atmosphere, to gain a snapshot of the current state of the art and facilitate future developments.

Dr. Eliza Harris
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Nitrous oxide
  • Greenhouse gases
  • Climate change
  • Land use change
  • Field measurements
  • Microbiology
  • Isotopes
  • Atmospheric modelling

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 1375 KiB  
Article
Sprinkler Irrigation Is Effective in Reducing Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Potato Field in an Arid Region: A Two-Year Field Experiment
by Wenzhu Yang, Yuehu Kang, Zhiwen Feng, Peng Gu, Huiyang Wen, Lijia Liu and Yongqin Jia
Atmosphere 2019, 10(5), 242; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10050242 - 1 May 2019
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3631
Abstract
In arid and semi-arid regions, water-saving irrigation is the primary mode of local agricultural production. Since the chemical fertilizer is the principal source of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, we present results from a two-year (2016–2017) field experiment on a potato field [...] Read more.
In arid and semi-arid regions, water-saving irrigation is the primary mode of local agricultural production. Since the chemical fertilizer is the principal source of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, we present results from a two-year (2016–2017) field experiment on a potato field to verify the general influence of water-saving irrigation on N2O emissions. A split-plot experiment was established with two irrigation systems and two fertilizer treatments, which give a total of four treatments. Two different irrigation systems were investigated: (i) flood irrigation with nitrogen fertilizer (NF-FI) combined with a control without any fertilizer (C-FI) and (ii) overhead sprinkler irrigation with a nitrogen fertilizer (NF-SI) accompanied with a control without any fertilizer (C-SI). The N2O emissions of the fertilizer treatment were greater than those of the control under each irrigation system. In plots where the fertilizers were applied, using overhead sprinkler irrigation reduced the average cumulative N2O emissions between 40.72% and 59.65% compared with flood irrigation. This was mainly due to the lower amount of water applied and the lower availability of NO3−-N and NH4+-N of soil associated with an overhead sprinkler irrigation. This work shows that the overhead sprinkler irrigation is an effective strategy to use to save water and mitigate emissions of the atmospheric pollutants N2O in comparison to flood irrigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nitrous Oxide Emission in the Atmosphere)
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16 pages, 1269 KiB  
Article
Response of Soil N2O Emissions to Soil Microbe and Enzyme Activities with Aeration at Two Irrigation Levels in Greenhouse Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Fields
by Hui Chen, Zihui Shang, Huanjie Cai and Yan Zhu
Atmosphere 2019, 10(2), 72; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10020072 - 11 Feb 2019
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2999
Abstract
Aerated irrigation is proven to increase soil N2O emissions; however, the mechanisms of N2O release are still unknown. A field experiment for two consecutive greenhouse tomato-growing seasons, from August 2016 to July 2017, was carried out to examine (1) [...] Read more.
Aerated irrigation is proven to increase soil N2O emissions; however, the mechanisms of N2O release are still unknown. A field experiment for two consecutive greenhouse tomato-growing seasons, from August 2016 to July 2017, was carried out to examine (1) the differences of aeration and irrigation on soil N2O emissions with a static chamber GC technique, and on soil physical and biotic parameters, and (2) the response of soil N2O emissions to soil physical and biotic parameters. Two irrigation levels were included: 60% (low irrigation) and 100% (high irrigation) of the full irrigation amount. Each irrigation level contained aeration and control, totaling four treatments. During the two growing seasons, soil N2O emissions with aeration were 4.5% higher than the control (p > 0.05). Soil N2O emissions under the high irrigation were 13.8% greater than under the low irrigation, and the difference was significant in 2017 (p < 0.05). Aeration and irrigation had positive effects on the mean soil nitrifier abundance and mean soil urease activity, and the impact of irrigation on urease was significant in 2016 (p = 0.001). In addition, aeration negatively influenced the mean soil denitrifier abundance, while irrigation positively influenced the mean soil denitrifier abundance. Regression analysis showed that the soil water-filled pore space, temperature, and denitrifier abundance were primary factors influencing soil N2O fluxes. This study provides a further understanding of the processes affecting soil N2O emissions and N dynamics, which may assist in developing mitigation strategies to reduce N2O emissions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nitrous Oxide Emission in the Atmosphere)
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