Applications of Large Language Models in Medical and Biomedical Data Processing

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosignal Processing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2024 | Viewed by 2646

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
School of Computing, Faculty of Engineering and Computing, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
Interests: deep learning; machine learning; large language models; medical data processing; biomedical data processing; natural language processing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Large language models, such as GPT-3.5, have shown tremendous potential in natural language processing and have emerged as a valuable tool for medical and biomedical data processing. This Special Issue aims to explore the diverse applications of large language models in these domains, highlighting their impact, methodologies, and potential for advancing healthcare and biomedical research. The proposed Special Issue will feature research articles, case studies, and review papers that delve into the application of large language models in medical and biomedical data processing. We invite researchers, practitioners, and industry experts to contribute their original work, focusing on the innovative use of these models in areas such as clinical text analysis, electronic health records (EHR) processing, medical image analysis, biomedical literature mining, drug discovery, patient monitoring, and personalized medicine.

The Special Issue will provide a platform to showcase the latest advancements, discuss challenges and opportunities, and share best practices in leveraging large language models to enhance medical diagnosis, treatment, and healthcare decision making. This Special Issue is expected to attract a wide range of readers, including researchers, clinicians, data scientists, and healthcare professionals, who are interested in the intersection of natural language processing and medicine. By bringing together cutting-edge research and practical applications, this Special Issue will contribute to disseminating knowledge and foster collaborations between the medical and natural language processing communities.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Deep learning;
  • Machine learning;
  • Large language models;
  • Medical data processing.

Dr. Ramin Ranjbarzadeh
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • deep learning
  • machine learning
  • large language models
  • medical data processing
  • biomedical data processing
  • natural language processing
  • clinical text analysis,
  • electronic health records
  • medical image analysis
  • biomedical literature mining
  • drug discovery
  • patient monitoring
  • personalized medicine
  • healthcare decision-making
  • data analytics
  • artificial intelligence
  • healthcare applications
  • healthcare informatics

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 1626 KiB  
Article
ChatGPT in Occupational Medicine: A Comparative Study with Human Experts
by Martina Padovan, Bianca Cosci, Armando Petillo, Gianluca Nerli, Francesco Porciatti, Sergio Scarinci, Francesco Carlucci, Letizia Dell’Amico, Niccolò Meliani, Gabriele Necciari, Vincenzo Carmelo Lucisano, Riccardo Marino, Rudy Foddis and Alessandro Palla
Bioengineering 2024, 11(1), 57; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11010057 - 6 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1912
Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate ChatGPT’s accuracy and reliability in answering complex medical questions related to occupational health and explore the implications and limitations of AI in occupational health medicine. The study also provides recommendations for future research in this [...] Read more.
The objective of this study is to evaluate ChatGPT’s accuracy and reliability in answering complex medical questions related to occupational health and explore the implications and limitations of AI in occupational health medicine. The study also provides recommendations for future research in this area and informs decision-makers about AI’s impact on healthcare. A group of physicians was enlisted to create a dataset of questions and answers on Italian occupational medicine legislation. The physicians were divided into two teams, and each team member was assigned a different subject area. ChatGPT was used to generate answers for each question, with/without legislative context. The two teams then evaluated human and AI-generated answers blind, with each group reviewing the other group’s work. Occupational physicians outperformed ChatGPT in generating accurate questions on a 5-point Likert score, while the answers provided by ChatGPT with access to legislative texts were comparable to those of professional doctors. Still, we found that users tend to prefer answers generated by humans, indicating that while ChatGPT is useful, users still value the opinions of occupational medicine professionals. Full article
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