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Bioengineering
Special Issues
Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Cancer
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Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Cancer

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 3949

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Junwei Shi

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
2. Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
Interests: prostate cancer treatment; nanotechnology; targeted treatment; radiosensitization; drug delivery; nanoparticles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Wensi Tao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Radiation Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
Interests: radiation; brain tumor; biomarkers
Dr. Eriko Katsuta

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
Interests: transcription; metabolism; tumor microenvironment
Prof. Dr. Yu-Chang Tyan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shi-Chuan 1st Rd., Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
Interests: biomarker discovery; proteomics; biomaterials; cancer research
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Prostate cancer is the second most diagnosed cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer death among men worldwide, with an estimated 1,414,000 new cancer cases and 375,304 deaths in 2020. Although it often has an indolent course, prostate cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death in men. Although tissue biopsy remains the standard of care for diagnosis, the identification and characterization of the disease have become increasingly personalized through advances in functional and molecular imaging modalities (e.g., MRI, PET, SPECT), as well as from the emergence of biomarkers. In particular, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), in general, is overexpressed in prostate cancers in proportion to aggressiveness, and as tracers of PET, SPECT has been shown to be superior to a number of other tracers in identifying the local and metastatic sites of disease. Targeting PSMA is also proving efficacious in treatment when anti-PSMA ligands are conjugated to radiolabeled elements such as lutetium-177, yttrium-90, iridium-192, gold-198, ytterbium-169, etc. Recent advances in the synthesis of nanomaterials with diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities have been rapidly reshaping the landscape of precision medicine specific to prostate cancer. Active targeting nanocarriers are versatile platforms which synergistically integrate diagnosis and multiple therapy strategies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, photodynamic therapy, etc. This Special Issue of Bioengineering aims to provide multiple perspectives on the advances in diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer by bringing together worldwide contributions on the clinical and pre-clinical studies of targeted imaging and therapy for prostate cancer.

Dr. Junwei Shi
Dr. Wensi Tao
Dr. Eriko Katsuta
Prof. Dr. Yu-Chang Tyan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Bioengineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • prostate cancer
  • chemotherapy
  • radiation therapy
  • immunotherapy
  • photothermal therapy
  • functional imaging
  • molecular imaging
  • radiopharmaceuticals
  • prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)
  • nanomedicine
  • active targeting
  • clinical
  • pre-clinical

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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14 pages, 1274 KiB  
Article
Reliability of Systematic and Targeted Biopsies versus Prostatectomy
by Tianyuan Guan, Abhinav Sidana and Marepalli B. Rao
Bioengineering 2023, 10(12), 1395; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10121395 - 6 Dec 2023
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Abstract
Systematic Biopsy (SBx) has been and continues to be the standard staple for detecting prostate cancer. The more expensive MRI guided biopsy (MRITBx) is a better way of detecting cancer. The prostatectomy can provide an accurate condition of the prostate. The goal is [...] Read more.
Systematic Biopsy (SBx) has been and continues to be the standard staple for detecting prostate cancer. The more expensive MRI guided biopsy (MRITBx) is a better way of detecting cancer. The prostatectomy can provide an accurate condition of the prostate. The goal is to assess how reliable SBx and MRITBx are vis à vis prostatectomy. Graded Gleason scores are used for comparison. Cohen’s Kappa index and logistic regression after binarization of the graded Gleason scores are some of the methods used to achieve our goals. Machine learning methods, such as classification trees, are employed to improve predictability clinically. The Cohen’s Kappa index is 0.31 for SBx versus prostatectomy, which means a fair agreement. The index is 0.34 for MRITBx versus prostatectomy, which again means a fair agreement. A direct comparison of SBx versus prostatectomy via binarized graded scores gives sensitivity 0.83 and specificity 0.50. On the other hand, a direct comparison of MRITBx versus prostatectomy gives sensitivity 0.78 and specificity 0.67, putting MRITBx on a higher level of accuracy. The SBx and MRITBx do not yet match the findings of prostatectomy completely, but they are useful. We have developed new biomarkers, considering other pieces of information from the patients, to improve the accuracy of SBx and MRITBx. From a clinical point of view, we provide a prediction model for prostatectomy Gleason grades using classification tree methodology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Cancer)
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14 pages, 2484 KiB  
Article
[68Ga]Ga-PSMA and [68Ga]Ga-RM2 PET/MRI vs. Histopathological Images in Prostate Cancer: A New Workflow for Spatial Co-Registration
by Samuele Ghezzo, Ilaria Neri, Paola Mapelli, Annarita Savi, Ana Maria Samanes Gajate, Giorgio Brembilla, Carolina Bezzi, Beatrice Maghini, Tommaso Villa, Alberto Briganti, Francesco Montorsi, Francesco De Cobelli, Massimo Freschi, Arturo Chiti, Maria Picchio and Paola Scifo
Bioengineering 2023, 10(8), 953; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10080953 - 11 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1682
Abstract
This study proposed a new workflow for co-registering prostate PET images from a dual-tracer PET/MRI study with histopathological images of resected prostate specimens. The method aims to establish an accurate correspondence between PET/MRI findings and histology, facilitating a deeper understanding of PET tracer [...] Read more.
This study proposed a new workflow for co-registering prostate PET images from a dual-tracer PET/MRI study with histopathological images of resected prostate specimens. The method aims to establish an accurate correspondence between PET/MRI findings and histology, facilitating a deeper understanding of PET tracer distribution and enabling advanced analyses like radiomics. To achieve this, images derived by three patients who underwent both [68Ga]Ga-PSMA and [68Ga]Ga-RM2 PET/MRI before radical prostatectomy were selected. After surgery, in the resected fresh specimens, fiducial markers visible on both histology and MR images were inserted. An ex vivo MRI of the prostate served as an intermediate step for co-registration between histological specimens and in vivo MRI examinations. The co-registration workflow involved five steps, ensuring alignment between histopathological images and PET/MRI data. The target registration error (TRE) was calculated to assess the precision of the co-registration. Furthermore, the DICE score was computed between the dominant intraprostatic tumor lesions delineated by the pathologist and the nuclear medicine physician. The TRE for the co-registration of histopathology and in vivo images was 1.59 mm, while the DICE score related to the site of increased intraprostatic uptake on [68Ga]Ga-PSMA and [68Ga]Ga-RM2 PET images was 0.54 and 0.75, respectively. This work shows an accurate co-registration method for histopathological and in vivo PET/MRI prostate examinations that allows the quantitative assessment of dual-tracer PET/MRI diagnostic accuracy at a millimetric scale. This approach may unveil radiotracer uptake mechanisms and identify new PET/MRI biomarkers, thus establishing the basis for precision medicine and future analyses, such as radiomics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Cancer)
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