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Biomimetics
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Biomimetic Platform for Tissue Regeneration 2.0
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Biomimetic Platform for Tissue Regeneration 2.0

A special issue of Biomimetics (ISSN 2313-7673). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomimetics of Materials and Structures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 22978

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jialin Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
Interests: tendon/cartilage/cornea tissue engineering and regeneration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Yangzi Jiang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedial Sciences, The Chinese University of HongKong, Hong Kong, China
Interests: tissue engineering and regenerative medicine; cartilage and bone repair and regeneration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Can Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
Interests: stem cell and regenerative medicine; tissue engineering; tendon repair
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biomimetic cell culture platforms are gradually gaining attention and being applied in in vitro cell-based assays and tissue regeneration. Cells, scaffolds and signals from bioactive factors or physical stimulations play crucial roles in constructing biomimetic systems for tissue regeneration. By mimicking the structure and 3D microenvironment of the human body, the establishment and maturation of various biomimetic systems help researchers to better understand the mechanisms of in vivo biological and pathological context, develop new therapeutic methods, and enrich the biotechnology tools for regenerating injured/diseased tissue.

This Special Issue aims to exhibit recent advancements in the biomimetic study of tissue regeneration. Original research articles, clinical studies, and review articles related to this topic are welcome in this Special Issue.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Biomimetic systems for cell culture;
  • Cell behaviors (proliferation, migration, differentiation etc.) in biomimetic systems;
  • Scaffold-based biomimetic systems;
  • Microenvironment;
  • Biomimetic implants for tissue engineering and regeneration;
  • Biomimetic-system-based clinical translation.

Dr. Jialin Chen
Dr. Yangzi Jiang
Dr. Can Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomimetics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomimetic
  • cell culture
  • cell behavior
  • scaffold
  • microenvironment
  • tissue engineering
  • regeneration
  • clinical translation

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 2515 KiB  
Article
Hypoxic Extracellular Matrix Preserves Its Competence after Expansion of Human MSCs under Physiological Hypoxia In Vitro
by Diana Matveeva, Sergey Buravkov, Elena Andreeva and Ludmila Buravkova
Biomimetics 2023, 8(6), 476; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8060476 - 7 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1418
Abstract
Tissue-relevant O2 levels are considered as an important tool for the preconditioning of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for regenerative medicine needs. The present study investigated the quality and functions of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of MSCs under low O2 levels. [...] Read more.
Tissue-relevant O2 levels are considered as an important tool for the preconditioning of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for regenerative medicine needs. The present study investigated the quality and functions of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of MSCs under low O2 levels. Human adipose tissue-derived MSCs were continuously expanded under normoxia (20% O2, N) or “physiological” hypoxia (5% O2, Hyp). Decellularized ECM (dcECM) was prepared. The structure of the dcECM was analyzed using confocal laser and scanning electron microscopy. Collagen, dcECM-N, and dcECM-Hyp were recellularized with MSC-N and further cultured at normoxia. The efficacy of adhesion, spreading, growth, osteogenic potential, and paracrine activity of recellularized MSC-N were evaluated. At low O2, the dcECM showed an increased alignment of fibrillar structures and provided accelerated spreading of MSC-N, indicating increased dcECM-Hyp stiffness. We described O2-dependent “ECM-education” of MSC-N when cultured on dcECM-Hyp. This was manifested as attenuated spontaneous osteo-commitment, increased susceptibility to osteo-induction, and a shift in the paracrine profile. It has been suggested that the ECM after physiological hypoxia is able to ensure the maintenance of a low-commitment state of MSCs. DcECM, which preserves the competence of the natural microenvironment of cells and is capable of “educating” others, appears to be a prospective tool for guiding cell modifications for cell therapy and tissue engineering. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomimetic Platform for Tissue Regeneration 2.0)
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15 pages, 2641 KiB  
Article
Use of Chitosan from Southern King Crab to Develop Films Functionalized with RGD Peptides for Potential Tissue Engineering Applications
by Juan Carlos Forero, Karina Carvajal, Fanny Guzmán, Cristian Acevedo, Nelson Osses and Paula Santana
Biomimetics 2023, 8(3), 323; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8030323 - 21 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1743
Abstract
Southern King Crab (SKC) represents an important fishery resource that has the potential to be a natural source of chitosan (CS) production. In tissue engineering, CS is very useful to generate biomaterials. However, CS has a lack of signaling molecules that facilitate cell–substrate [...] Read more.
Southern King Crab (SKC) represents an important fishery resource that has the potential to be a natural source of chitosan (CS) production. In tissue engineering, CS is very useful to generate biomaterials. However, CS has a lack of signaling molecules that facilitate cell–substrate interaction. Therefore, RGD (arginine–glycine–aspartic acid) peptides corresponding to the main integrin recognition site in extracellular matrix proteins have been used to improve the CS surface. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro cell adhesion and proliferation of CS films synthesized from SKC shell wastes functionalized with RGD peptides. The FTIR spectrum of CS isolated from SKC shells (SKC-CS) was comparable to commercial CS. Thermal properties of films showed similar endothermic peaks at 53.4 and 53.0 °C in commercial CS and SKC-CS, respectively. The purification and molecular masses of the synthesized RGD peptides were confirmed using HPLC and ESI-MS mass spectrometry, respectively. Mouse embryonic fibroblast cells showed higher adhesion on SKC-CS (1% w/v) film when it was functionalized with linear RGD peptides. In contrast, a cyclic RGD peptide showed similar adhesion to control peptide (RDG), but the highest cell proliferation was after 48 h of culture. This study shows that functionalization of SKC-CS films with linear or cyclic RGD peptides are useful to improve effects on cell adhesion or cell proliferation. Furthermore, our work contributes to knowledge of a new source of CS to synthesize constructs for tissue engineering applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomimetic Platform for Tissue Regeneration 2.0)
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12 pages, 6726 KiB  
Article
Formation of Hydroxyapatite-Based Hybrid Materials in the Presence of Platelet-Poor Plasma Additive
by Ilya E. Glazov, Valentina K. Krut’ko, Tatiana V. Safronova, Nikita A. Sazhnev, Natalia R. Kil’deeva, Roman A. Vlasov, Olga N. Musskaya and Anatoly I. Kulak
Biomimetics 2023, 8(3), 297; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8030297 - 9 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1360
Abstract
Biomaterials based on hydroxyapatite with controllable composition and properties are promising in the field of regenerative bone replacement. One approach to regulate the phase composition of the materials is the introduction of biopolymer-based additives into the synthesis process. The purpose of present study [...] Read more.
Biomaterials based on hydroxyapatite with controllable composition and properties are promising in the field of regenerative bone replacement. One approach to regulate the phase composition of the materials is the introduction of biopolymer-based additives into the synthesis process. The purpose of present study was to investigate the formation of hydroxyapatite-based hybrid materials in the presence of 6–24% platelet-poor plasma (PPP) additive, at a [Ca2+]/[PO43−] ratio of 1.67, pH 11, and varying maturing time from 4 to 9 days. The mineral component of the materials comprised 53% hydroxyapatite/47% amorphous calcium phosphate after 4 days of maturation and 100% hydroxyapatite after 9 days of maturation. Varying the PPP content between 6% and 24% brought about the formation of materials with rather defined contents of amorphous calcium phosphate and biopolymer component and the desired morphology, ranging from typical apatitic conglomerates to hybrid apatite-biopolymer fibers. The co-precipitated hybrid materials based on hydroxyapatite, amorphous calcium phosphate, and PPP additive exhibited increased solubility in SBF solution, which defines their applicability for repairing rhinoplastic defects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomimetic Platform for Tissue Regeneration 2.0)
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11 pages, 2641 KiB  
Article
A Novel Anthropomorphic Phantom Composed of Tissue-Equivalent Materials for Use in Experimental Radiotherapy: Design, Dosimetry and Biological Pilot Study
by Thomas Breslin, Jason Paino, Marie Wegner, Elette Engels, Stefan Fiedler, Helen Forrester, Hannes Rennau, John Bustillo, Matthew Cameron, Daniel Häusermann, Christopher Hall, Dieter Krause, Guido Hildebrandt, Michael Lerch and Elisabeth Schültke
Biomimetics 2023, 8(2), 230; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8020230 - 31 May 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2464
Abstract
The production of anthropomorphic phantoms generated from tissue-equivalent materials is challenging but offers an excellent copy of the typical environment encountered in typical patients. High-quality dosimetry measurements and the correlation of the measured dose with the biological effects elicited by it are a [...] Read more.
The production of anthropomorphic phantoms generated from tissue-equivalent materials is challenging but offers an excellent copy of the typical environment encountered in typical patients. High-quality dosimetry measurements and the correlation of the measured dose with the biological effects elicited by it are a prerequisite in preparation of clinical trials with novel radiotherapy approaches. We designed and produced a partial upper arm phantom from tissue-equivalent materials for use in experimental high-dose-rate radiotherapy. The phantom was compared to original patient data using density values and Hounsfield units obtained from CT scans. Dose simulations were conducted for broad-beam irradiation and microbeam radiotherapy (MRT) and compared to values measured in a synchrotron radiation experiment. Finally, we validated the phantom in a pilot experiment with human primary melanoma cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomimetic Platform for Tissue Regeneration 2.0)
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11 pages, 2303 KiB  
Article
Comparison of NIH 3T3 Cellular Adhesion on Fibrous Scaffolds Constructed from Natural and Synthetic Polymers
by Katarina McGarry, Eelya Sefat, Taylor C. Suh, Kiran M. Ali and Jessica M. Gluck
Biomimetics 2023, 8(1), 99; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8010099 - 1 Mar 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2505
Abstract
Polymer scaffolds are increasingly ubiquitous in the field of tissue engineering in improving the repair and regeneration of damaged tissue. Natural polymers exhibit better cellular adhesion and proliferation than biodegradable synthetics but exhibit inferior mechanical properties, among other disadvantages. Synthetic polymers are highly [...] Read more.
Polymer scaffolds are increasingly ubiquitous in the field of tissue engineering in improving the repair and regeneration of damaged tissue. Natural polymers exhibit better cellular adhesion and proliferation than biodegradable synthetics but exhibit inferior mechanical properties, among other disadvantages. Synthetic polymers are highly tunable but lack key binding motifs that are present in natural polymers. Using collagen and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) as models for natural and synthetic polymers, respectively, an evaluation of the cellular response of embryonic mouse fibroblasts (NIH 3T3 line) to the different polymer types was conducted. The samples were analyzed using LIVE/DEAD™, alamarBlue™, and phalloidin staining to compare cell proliferation on, interaction with, and adhesion to the scaffolds. The results indicated that NIH3T3 cells prefer collagen-based scaffolds. PLA samples had adhesion at the initial seeding but failed to sustain long-term adhesion, indicating an unsuitable microenvironment. Structural differences between collagen and PLA are responsible for this difference. Incorporating cellular binding mechanisms (i.e., peptide motifs) utilized by natural polymers into biodegradable synthetics offers a promising direction for biomaterials to become biomimetic by combining the advantages of synthetic and natural polymers while minimizing their disadvantages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomimetic Platform for Tissue Regeneration 2.0)
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Review

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45 pages, 10013 KiB  
Review
Biomimetic Scaffolds for Tendon Tissue Regeneration
by Lvxing Huang, Le Chen, Hengyi Chen, Manju Wang, Letian Jin, Shenghai Zhou, Lexin Gao, Ruwei Li, Quan Li, Hanchang Wang, Can Zhang and Junjuan Wang
Biomimetics 2023, 8(2), 246; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8020246 - 9 Jun 2023
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 6000
Abstract
Tendon tissue connects muscle to bone and plays crucial roles in stress transfer. Tendon injury remains a significant clinical challenge due to its complicated biological structure and poor self-healing capacity. The treatments for tendon injury have advanced significantly with the development of technology, [...] Read more.
Tendon tissue connects muscle to bone and plays crucial roles in stress transfer. Tendon injury remains a significant clinical challenge due to its complicated biological structure and poor self-healing capacity. The treatments for tendon injury have advanced significantly with the development of technology, including the use of sophisticated biomaterials, bioactive growth factors, and numerous stem cells. Among these, biomaterials that the mimic extracellular matrix (ECM) of tendon tissue would provide a resembling microenvironment to improve efficacy in tendon repair and regeneration. In this review, we will begin with a description of the constituents and structural features of tendon tissue, followed by a focus on the available biomimetic scaffolds of natural or synthetic origin for tendon tissue engineering. Finally, we will discuss novel strategies and present challenges in tendon regeneration and repair. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomimetic Platform for Tissue Regeneration 2.0)
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19 pages, 3574 KiB  
Review
Recent Tissue Engineering Approaches to Mimicking the Extracellular Matrix Structure for Skin Regeneration
by Rikako Hama, James W. Reinhardt, Anudari Ulziibayar, Tatsuya Watanabe, John Kelly and Toshiharu Shinoka
Biomimetics 2023, 8(1), 130; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8010130 - 22 Mar 2023
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 6670
Abstract
Inducing tissue regeneration in many skin defects, such as large traumatic wounds, burns, other physicochemical wounds, bedsores, and chronic diabetic ulcers, has become an important clinical issue in recent years. Cultured cell sheets and scaffolds containing growth factors are already in use but [...] Read more.
Inducing tissue regeneration in many skin defects, such as large traumatic wounds, burns, other physicochemical wounds, bedsores, and chronic diabetic ulcers, has become an important clinical issue in recent years. Cultured cell sheets and scaffolds containing growth factors are already in use but have yet to restore normal skin tissue structure and function. Many tissue engineering materials that focus on the regeneration process of living tissues have been developed for the more versatile and rapid initiation of treatment. Since the discovery that cells recognize the chemical–physical properties of their surrounding environment, there has been a great deal of work on mimicking the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and its three-dimensional network structure. Approaches have used ECM constituent proteins as well as morphological processing methods, such as fiber sheets, sponges, and meshes. This review summarizes material design strategies in tissue engineering fields, ranging from the morphology of existing dressings and ECM structures to cellular-level microstructure mimicry, and explores directions for future approaches to precision skin tissue regeneration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomimetic Platform for Tissue Regeneration 2.0)
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