Biomaterials and Bone

A special issue of Biophysica (ISSN 2673-4125).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 423

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Chief of Orthopedic and Traumatology Dept., Sant’Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Cona, Ferrara, Italy
2. Department of Biomedical and Speciality Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
Interests: spine surgery; hip surgery; trauma surgery; biophysical stimulation of bone and cartilage; regenerative orthopaedic medicine; use of physical forces in orthopaedics and traumatology; biomaterial interaction with bone

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Developing of Biomaterials permitted to make huge progress in the treatment of different diseases and clinical problems, as well as to consistently improve the functions and the quality of life of a large amount of patients.

We can’t imagine how can we treat a patient affected by hip or knee osteoarthritis at an advanced stage without using joint replacement systems made of biomaterials. The same is true for dental implants and for ENT/maxillofacial surgery.

The interactions between bone and biomaterials are very interesting in terms of bone reaction to different materials to create an optimal and durable osteointegration so as to avoid complications during movement and/or loading.

Today, we have a variety of biomaterials for bone implants, with or without “biological” coating, for different clinical uses, such as interbody spinal implants, hip/knee/ankle/shoulder replacement, dental implants, maxillofacial implants, and so on.

In this Special Issue, we welcome papers on experimental and clinical aspects of interaction between bone and biomaterials, such as engineering and biophysical methods for new materials, new clinical applications, and enhancing osteointegration.

Prof. Dr. Leo Massari
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • osteointegration
  • biomaterials
  • bone cells and biomaterials
  • stem cell behavior and biomaterials

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

42 pages, 8616 KiB  
Review
Cancellous Skeleton, Microskeleton, Ultramicroskeleton: A Geo/Biomorphological Bone Mineral Microbiome of Hierarchical Force Translation and Ancient Golgi-Directed Lineage
by Jean E. Aaron
Biophysica 2024, 4(3), 369-410; https://doi.org/10.3390/biophysica4030026 (registering DOI) - 22 Aug 2024
Abstract
Bone minerals may be more complex than the prevailing opinion suggests. Understanding its biomaterial properties in health and disease may address fundamental geo/biomorphological ambiguities recurrent within its calcified cancellous hierarchy of macro-, micro-, and nano-skeletal networks. (i) There is evidence that the outer [...] Read more.
Bone minerals may be more complex than the prevailing opinion suggests. Understanding its biomaterial properties in health and disease may address fundamental geo/biomorphological ambiguities recurrent within its calcified cancellous hierarchy of macro-, micro-, and nano-skeletal networks. (i) There is evidence that the outer mineral macroskeleton of interconnected trabeculae (150 µm diameter) is modulated according to axes of tensile stress by permeating arrays of periosteal Sharpey’s fibres (collagen type III/VI, 5–25 µm thick) studded with tenascin organiser protein. (ii) Its substructural mineral microskeleton is a reticulation of bridged and deformable calcium phosphate/carbonate microspheres (about 1 µm diameter). These organically enshrouded (e.g., bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin, osteopontin) objects, configured by the adhesive organiser protein fibronectin and tempered by trace elements (e.g., Si, Mg, Fe, Al), display differential histochemistry (e.g., acid phosphatase, carbonic anhydrase) and anomalous traits (tetracycline binding, gram-positive microbial staining and nucleic acid staining affinity). The calcified microspheres are intracellular fabrications of osteocyte cohorts developed within “switched on” Golgi cisternae prior to aggregation at the extracellular calcification front in chains and looped assemblies. (iii) Within each microsphere, a less dense centre is encircled by a mineral nanoskeleton of beaded filaments (5 nm in diameter) transmutable in electron density, with a trait for lateral fusion into ladder-like struts, stays and senescent fenestrated plates, constituting domains of microparticle slip and crystal fracture. The evidence suggests a bone mineral biosystem of integrated complexity within which a particulate assemblage at the animate: inanimate calcification front resembles a colonial construct of prokaryote-like, Golgi-fabricated objects calcified with phosphate and harbouring a resident biochemistry. A self-contained “Petrified Microbiome” is proposed to be orchestrated according to a biodynamic primordial paradigm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials and Bone)
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