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Trends and Advances in the Development of Waste-based Catalysts and...
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Trends and Advances in the Development of Waste-based Catalysts and Processes: Applications in Conventional & Intensified Processes

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Catalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2023) | Viewed by 11924

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Maria Cornelia Iliuta

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Chemical Engineering Department, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
Interests: catalysis; process intensification; catalytic reforming; CO2 capture; CO2 catalytic conversion; renewable hydrogen and syngas; waste valorization; alternative fuels; process modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Considerable amounts of biomass and industrial waste are continuously generated every year worldwide. However, most of these materials are suitable for different applications. In the context of environmental protection, sustainable development, and energy crisis management, their valorization in different applications and in a wide range of processes has been attracting special attention over the last years. This Special Issue aims to cover recent trends and advances in the emerging field of sustainable valorization of different kinds of waste materials for applications in conventional and intensified technologies.

Prof. Dr. Maria Cornelia Iliuta
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • industrial waste/by-products valorization
  • biomass valorization
  • environmental catalysis
  • waste-based catalysts
  • multifunctional catalysts
  • waste-based processes
  • catalyst synthesis and characterization
  • catalyst deactivation and regeneration
  • alternative fuels
  • catalytic reaction mechanism
  • conventional/intensified processes
  • process modeling/simulation
  • techno-economic study
  • life cycle assessment

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 3769 KiB  
Article
Pyrite Cinder as an Effective Fenton-like Catalyst for the Degradation of Reactive Azo Dye: Effects of Process Parameters and Complete Effluent Characterization
by Djurdja Kerkez, Milena Bečelić-Tomin, Vesna Gvoić, Aleksandra Kulić Mandić, Anita Leovac Maćerak, Dragana Tomašević Pilipović and Vesna Pešić
Catalysts 2023, 13(2), 424; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13020424 - 16 Feb 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2209
Abstract
This research investigates the potential use of pyrite cinder (PC) as an efficient Fenton-like catalyst for the removal of the reactive azo dye Reactive Red 120 (RR120) from aqueous solutions. The characterization of its PC structure and composition confirmed its great potential to [...] Read more.
This research investigates the potential use of pyrite cinder (PC) as an efficient Fenton-like catalyst for the removal of the reactive azo dye Reactive Red 120 (RR120) from aqueous solutions. The characterization of its PC structure and composition confirmed its great potential to act as catalytic iron source in a heterogeneous Fenton system. Dye removal optimization was performed in terms of PC dosage (0.4–8 g/L), H2O2 concentration (2–25 mM), pH value (2–4.6), initial dye concentration (50–200 mg/L), and mixing time. The highest decolorization efficiency (92%) was achieved after a reaction time of 480 min under following conditions: RR120 = 50 mg/L, PC = 4 g/L, H2O2 = 10 mM, and pH = 3. After decolorization, an extensive analysis of the generated effluent was performed regarding metal leaching, mineralization, toxicity, and degradation product formation. The metal leaching indicated the necessity for a pH increase in order to remove the settled metal hydroxides. The mineralization efficiency was satisfactory, reaching 85% and 62% of the COD and TOC removal, respectively. The respirometry measurements and bioluminescence tests indicated the detoxification of the treated solution. The absorption spectra and GC/MS analysis confirmed the changes in the molecular structure in the form of the destruction of the azo bond, with a simpler aromatic and aliphatic intermediates formation. This study provides an effective method for removing azo dye in polluted water by employing waste tailings as alternative Fenton-like catalysts, while also using waste tailings as the secondary resource. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends and Advances in the Development of Waste-based Catalysts and Processes: Applications in Conventional & Intensified Processes)
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17 pages, 2895 KiB  
Article
Biological Hydrogen Production by Dark Fermentation in a Stirred Tank Reactor and Its Correlation with the pH Time Evolution
by Verónica L. Martínez, Gabriel L. Salierno, Rodrigo E. García, María José Lavorante, Miguel A. Galvagno and Miryan C. Cassanello
Catalysts 2022, 12(11), 1366; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12111366 - 4 Nov 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2685
Abstract
Dark fermentation is a hydrogen generating process carried out by anaerobic spore-forming bacteria that metabolize carbon sources producing gas and short-chain acids. The process can be controlled, and the hydrogen harvested if bacteria are grown in a reactor with favorable conditions. In this [...] Read more.
Dark fermentation is a hydrogen generating process carried out by anaerobic spore-forming bacteria that metabolize carbon sources producing gas and short-chain acids. The process can be controlled, and the hydrogen harvested if bacteria are grown in a reactor with favorable conditions. In this work, bacteria selected from natural sources were grown with a defined culture media, while pH was monitored, with the aim of relating the amount of generated hydrogen to the increase in hydron ion concentration. Therefore, a model based on the acid-base species mass balance is proposed and solved to estimate the lag phase time and measure the hydrogen production efficiency and kinetics. Hydrogen production in a stirred batch reactor was performed for 150–200 h, at given operating conditions using a previously defined growth media, to validate the model. Using the proposed model, the cumulated moles of produced hydrogen correlate well with those predicted from the pH curve. Hence, the modified Gompertz model parameters, largely used for describing the hydrogen generation kinetics by dark fermentation, were estimated from the pH curve and from the experimentally measured generated hydrogen. Satisfactory agreement was found, thus, validating the method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends and Advances in the Development of Waste-based Catalysts and Processes: Applications in Conventional & Intensified Processes)
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14 pages, 3564 KiB  
Article
Green Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Using Psidium guajava L. Leaves Extract for Degradation of Organic Dyes and Anti-microbial Applications
by Anup Adhikari, Kisan Chhetri, Debendra Acharya, Bishweshwar Pant and Achyut Adhikari
Catalysts 2022, 12(10), 1188; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12101188 - 7 Oct 2022
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 6058
Abstract
Among various metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, iron-oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been more widely used for the degradation of harmful organic dyes and the inhibition of microbial growth; on the other hand, it positively affects mammalian cells. Green synthesis of IONPs has piqued [...] Read more.
Among various metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, iron-oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been more widely used for the degradation of harmful organic dyes and the inhibition of microbial growth; on the other hand, it positively affects mammalian cells. Green synthesis of IONPs has piqued the interest of researchers because it improves stability and is an environmentally friendly method of avoiding the use of harmful chemicals as a reducing agent. In this study, IONPs were synthesized using Psidium guajava leaf extract, which was further applied for its industrial dye degradation and anti-microbial activities. UV–visible spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, XPS, EDX, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, and Zeta potential analysis were used to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles. The synthesized IONPs managed to degrade methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) in the presence of H2O2. The degradation efficiency was 82.1% in 95 min and 53.9% in 205 min for MB and MO, respectively. Likewise, the synthesized IONPs showed good anti-bacterial activity with a ZOI of 13 mm for both Shigella sonnei and Staphylococcus aureus gram-positive bacteria. Similarly, they demonstrated good anti-fungal activity with ZOI of 15 mm and 13 mm for Candida tropicalis and Candidaalbicans, respectively. Thus, the IONPs can combat harmful organic dyes, and they can terminate the pathogenicity of several human pathogens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends and Advances in the Development of Waste-based Catalysts and Processes: Applications in Conventional & Intensified Processes)
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