Protein Modification and Mistranslation in Cells and Human Disease
A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Nuclei: Function, Transport and Receptors".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 4532
Special Issue Editors
Interests: aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases; biochemistry; cancer; cell biology; chemical biology; genetic code expansion; mistranslation; molecular biology; neurodegeneration; protein synthesis; RNA biology; translation fidelity; transfer RNA (tRNA); synthetic biology
Interests: RNA editing; molecular biology; protein biochemistry; RNA binding proteins; transcriptomics; RNA decay; synthetic biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
The central dogma of molecular biology outlines the information flow from the nucleic acid sequences of genes in the genome to messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in the transcriptome and ultimately to the defined sequences of amino acids, which are the building blocks of all proteins in every living cell. Mutations in protein-coding genes can cause the production of proteins that differ from the wild-type sequences and that, in some cases, lead to defects in cells or cause disease. Two additional major routes generate changes in the protein sequence, even in the absence of mutations in the gene itself. One route involves the post-translational modification of proteins with a wide array of non-canonical amino acids, including acetylated, phosphorylated, or methylated amino acids that can have a dramatic impact on protein function. Indeed, there are many examples of hyper- or hypo-modified proteins associated with diverse human diseases. Another route to alter protein sequences involves mutations in transfer RNAs (tRNAs) or aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases that cause mistakes in protein synthesis or mistranslation of the genetic code. Mistranslation leads to the incorporation of the wrong amino acid at a codon or set of codons throughout the entire proteome. This Special Issue of Cells focuses on how protein modification and mistranslation alter the nature of proteins produced from otherwise wild-type genes. For this Special Issue, we welcome the submission of original research articles and reviews that highlight the impact of protein modification and errors in protein synthesis on normal cellular behaviour, protein homeostasis, and human disease.
Dr. Patrick O'Donoghue
Dr. Ilka Heinemann
Guest Editors
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Keywords
- acetylation
- aminoacyl-tRNA syntheses
- genetic code expansion
- methylation
- missense suppression
- mistranslation
- nonsense suppression
- phosphorylation
- posttranslational modification
- protein synthesis
- transfer RNA (tRNA)
- translation fidelity
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