Male Infertility Update: Current Knowledge on Etiology, Comorbidities, Diagnosis and Treatment: Preclinical Topics

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Reproductive Cells and Development".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 1422

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
Interests: andrology; male genital tract ultrasound; male infertility; sexual dysfunction; erectile dysfunction; premature ejaculation
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Guest Editor
Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
Interests: testosterone; hormonal analysis; reproductive biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Infertility affects up to 12% of all men and represents a growing health problem. To date, its etiology is known in half of cases, while in the other half, it is still obscure. The known causes of infertility can be related to congenital or acquired conditions acting at a pre-testicular, testicular or post-testicular level. Genetic abnormalities account for ~15% of all causes, while epigenetic modifications, oxidative stress, immunological mechanisms and advanced paternal age are increasingly studied as possible co-factors. Systemic diseases, environmental and lifestyle factors and some medications can affect male reproductive health. On the other hand, infertility is nowadays considered as a proxy of general male health, and can lead to psychological and sexual dysfunctions. The recent advances in the understanding of male infertility include efforts in the fields of genetics, sperm biology and male genital tract ultrasound. Conventional and unconventional semen parameters as well as hormonal, metabolic and microbial parameters are used to understand and categorize male infertility etiology and as decisional reference points to define a therapeutic strategy for the infertile man. Medical and surgical therapy can help in specific conditions to improve semen quality, promoting the chances of a natural or medically assisted pregnancy. Personalized medicine and preventive strategies in male infertility are advocated, as well as the evaluation and management of both male and female partners in infertile couples.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in JCM.

Prof. Dr. Francesco Lotti
Prof. Dr. Mario Maggi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • male infertility
  • diagnosis
  • treatment
  • etiology
  • pre-testicular/testicular/post-testicular causes
  • genetic causes
  • seminal parameters
  • hormonal parameters
  • ultrasound
  • general health
  • azoospermia

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 1297 KiB  
Article
Sperm Concentration Improvement May Be a Parameter Predicting Efficacy of FSH Therapy of Male Idiopathic Infertility
by Daniele Santi, Giorgia Spaggiari, Leonardo Dalla Valentina, Marilina Romeo, Federico Nuzzo, Lorenzo Serlenga, Laura Roli, Maria Cristina De Santis, Tommaso Trenti, Antonio R. M. Granata and Manuela Simoni
Cells 2023, 12(18), 2236; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12182236 - 8 Sep 2023
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Abstract
Testis stimulation with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is one of the empirical treatments proposed for male idiopathic infertility, although reliable markers to predict its efficacy are still lacking. This study aimed to identify parameters able to predict FSH efficacy in terms of pregnancy achievement. [...] Read more.
Testis stimulation with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is one of the empirical treatments proposed for male idiopathic infertility, although reliable markers to predict its efficacy are still lacking. This study aimed to identify parameters able to predict FSH efficacy in terms of pregnancy achievement. A real-world study was conducted, enrolling idiopathic infertile men treated with FSH 150IU three times weekly. Patients were treated until pregnancy achievement or for a maximum of two years and two visits were considered: V0 (baseline) and V1 (end of FSH treatment). Primary endpoints were the V1-V0 percentage change in sperm concentration, total sperm count, and total motile sperm number. In total, 48 pregnancies were recorded (27.7%) among 173 men (age 37.9 ± 6.2 years). All three endpoints increased after FSH administration, and only the V1-V0 percentage of sperm concentration significantly predicted pregnancy (p = 0.007). A V1-V0 sperm concentration of 30.8% predicted pregnancy, and the sperm concentration V1-V0 percentage (Y) required to obtain a pregnancy was predicted according to its baseline values (x): Y = 9.8433x2 − 203.67x + 958.29. A higher number of pregnancies was reached in men with baseline sperm concentration below 7.3 million/mL. Thus, the percentage of sperm concentration increasing after FSH administration could predict the treatment efficacy in terms of pregnancy. At the dosage used, the efficacy was significantly higher in patients with a starting sperm concentration < 7.3 mill/mL. Mathematical analyses identified a function able to predict the sperm concentration increase required to obtain a pregnancy in relation to the baseline sperm number. Full article
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