Cellular and Molecular Mechanism of Motor Neuron Diseases

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 1751

Special Issue Editor

Laboratory of Translational Research for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Imagine Institute, Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
Interests: ALS; neurodegeneration; zebrafish; C9orf72; TDP-43; FUS; TBK1; autophagy; integrated stress response

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Motor neuron diseases are an important health concern as they affect children via spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and have several adult-onset forms, including the most prevalent, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Clinical features include major and progressive muscle wasting that leads to paralysis with well-defined pathological markers. Whereas SMA is a monogenic disorder featuring mutations associated with reduced function of the SMN factor, a number of genetic causes have been identified over the past decade, including the major genetic causes C9orf72, TDP-43, FUS, and SOD1 as well as several factors involved in specific molecular pathways, including TBK1, SQSTM1, and OPTN2. To better understand these disorders, major progress has been achieved to develop cellular models, including ALS- and SMA-patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells as well as an array of animal models to study pathogenic mechanisms caused by motor neuron degeneration. Furthermore, to combat these life-threatening disorders, genetic therapy for SMA has provided important clinical relief and hope for patients and their families. Through the powerful animal and cellular models that have been developed for these genetic causes, a number of pharmacological avenues are being considered for these disorders to further advance the therapeutic options for ALS and SMA patients and for patients with related motor neuron disorders.

Dr. Edor Kabashi
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • neurodegeneration
  • neurological diseases
  • motor neuron diseases
  • genetic models
  • pathophysiological mechanisms
  • multigenic networks

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

27 pages, 8062 KiB  
Article
Botulinum Toxin Treatment of Adult Muscle Stem Cells from Children with Cerebral Palsy and hiPSC-Derived Neuromuscular Junctions
by Domiziana Costamagna, Valeria Bastianini, Marlies Corvelyn, Robin Duelen, Jorieke Deschrevel, Nathalie De Beukelaer, Hannah De Houwer, Maurilio Sampaolesi, Ghislaine Gayan-Ramirez, Anja Van Campenhout and Kaat Desloovere
Cells 2023, 12(16), 2072; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12162072 - 15 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1485
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxin type-A (BoNT) injections are commonly used as spasticity treatment in cerebral palsy (CP). Despite improved clinical outcomes, concerns regarding harmful effects on muscle morphology have been raised, and the BoNT effect on muscle stem cells remains not well defined. This study [...] Read more.
Botulinum neurotoxin type-A (BoNT) injections are commonly used as spasticity treatment in cerebral palsy (CP). Despite improved clinical outcomes, concerns regarding harmful effects on muscle morphology have been raised, and the BoNT effect on muscle stem cells remains not well defined. This study aims at clarifying the impact of BoNT on growing muscles (1) by analyzing the in vitro effect of BoNT on satellite cell (SC)-derived myoblasts and fibroblasts obtained from medial gastrocnemius microbiopsies collected in young BoNT-naïve children (t0) compared to age ranged typically developing children; (2) by following the effect of in vivo BoNT administration on these cells obtained from the same children with CP at 3 (t1) and 6 (t2) months post BoNT; (3) by determining the direct effect of a single and repeated in vitro BoNT treatment on neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) differentiated from hiPSCs. In vitro BoNT did not affect myogenic differentiation or collagen production. The fusion index significantly decreased in CP at t2 compared to t0. In NMJ cocultures, BoNT treatment caused axonal swelling and fragmentation. Repeated treatments impaired the autophagic–lysosomal system. Further studies are warranted to understand the long-term and collateral effects of BoNT in the muscles of children with CP. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cellular and Molecular Mechanism of Motor Neuron Diseases)
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