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Cells
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T Regulatory Cells in Autoimmune Diseases and Age-Related Autoimmunity: Past...
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T Regulatory Cells in Autoimmune Diseases and Age-Related Autoimmunity: Past Challenges, Future Prospects

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 June 2023) | Viewed by 3192

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Giuliana Guggino

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Promise, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Interests: chronic inflammatory disease; autoimmune and rheumatic disease; innate immunity; immune response; innate lymphoid cells; macrophages; dendritic cells; miRNA; inflammasome; activation pathways
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Lidia La Barbera

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Promise, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Interests: daptive immunity; innate immunity; rheumatic diseases; chronic inflammation; autoimmune diseases; biomarkers

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Regulatory T (Treg) cells are the main actors for the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Disruption of Treg functions has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease and chronic inflammation. Aging is characterized by an accumulation of inflammatory markers in the peripheral blood, a phenomenon known as 'inflammaging'.The relationship between Treg cells and age-related diseases remains to be further elucidated.

During aging, thymic T-regulatory cell output decreases in association with the loss of thymic capacity to generate new T cells. Despite this reduction, an age-related increase in peripheral CD4+ CD25highFoxP3+ T-regulatory cells is reported. This natural process must remain tuned and reasonable, otherwise CD4+ T effector cells or CD8 cytotoxic T cells will be suppressed, allowing the development of cancers and infections. Thus, it remains unclear whether this is an age-related immune dysfunction or a defense response.

Growing evidence has revealed that Treg cell dysfunction occurs in elderly patients and suggests that immune therapies targeting Treg cells may be a promising approach for treating diseases such as autoimmune diseases.

Encouraging results were already been obtained in tumor and infected cells. Overall, a better understanding of Treg cell function may be useful to develop new immune therapies against age-related diseases.

The focus of this Special Issue is on cellular and molecular mechanisms, clinical outcomes, diagnostics and therapeutic strategies of autoimmune and age-related disorders. The Special Issue will highlight the autoinflammatory mechanism supporting age related disease with a specific focus on T reg cells, critically evaluating the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying this cross-talk, and outlining the most important unanswered questions and directions for future research in this rapidly evolving field.

Dr. Giuliana Guggino
Dr. Lidia La Barbera
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cells is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • autoimmune diseases
  • anti-aging strategy
  • inflammaging
  • autoimmune biomarkers
  • immune checkpoints
  • vasculitis in elderly
  • autoimmune disorders in elderly

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

24 pages, 4112 KiB  
Review
The Role of Regulatory T Cells in the Onset and Progression of Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome
by Varvara G. Blinova, Vladimir I. Vasilyev, Ekaterina B. Rodionova and Dmitry D. Zhdanov
Cells 2023, 12(10), 1359; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12101359 - 10 May 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2841
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a key role in maintaining immune balance and regulating the loss of self-tolerance mechanisms in various autoimmune diseases, including primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). With the development of pSS primarily in the exocrine glands, lymphocytic infiltration occurs in the [...] Read more.
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a key role in maintaining immune balance and regulating the loss of self-tolerance mechanisms in various autoimmune diseases, including primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). With the development of pSS primarily in the exocrine glands, lymphocytic infiltration occurs in the early stages, mainly due to activated CD4+ T cells. Subsequently, in the absence of rational therapy, patients develop ectopic lymphoid structures and lymphomas. While the suppression of autoactivated CD4+ T cells is involved in the pathological process, the main role belongs to Tregs, making them a target for research and possible regenerative therapy. However, the available information about their role in the onset and progression of this disease seems unsystematized and, in certain aspects, controversial. In our review, we aimed to organize the data on the role of Tregs in the pathogenesis of pSS, as well as to discuss possible strategies of cell therapy for this disease. This review provides information on the differentiation, activation, and suppressive functions of Tregs and the role of the FoxP3 protein in these processes. It also highlights data on various subpopulations of Tregs in pSS, their proportion in the peripheral blood and minor salivary glands of patients as well as their role in the development of ectopic lymphoid structures. Our data emphasize the need for further research on Tregs and highlight their potential use as a cell-based therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue T Regulatory Cells in Autoimmune Diseases and Age-Related Autoimmunity: Past Challenges, Future Prospects)
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