Electrochemical Sensors for Antioxidant/Oxidant Activity Monitoring

Dear Colleagues,

Oxidative stress (OS) — an imbalance between reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species generation and antioxidant defense system activity—is observed to a greater or lesser extent in all pathological conditions. The universality of oxidative stress (OS) mechanisms in living organisms make measuring and monitoring such stress an important task for health and well-being assessment, purposes of medical diagnostics, food and plant safety and quality control. The occurrence of OS is determined by the electron-donor-acceptor properties of the biological system, i.e., OS has an electrochemical nature. Electrochemical methods are based on oxidation-reduction reactions occurring on the surface of the electrode or in the volume of the solution, the results of which are recorded electrochemically and are applicable for the investigation of food, plants, and extracts from them, blood plasma/serum, semen, saliva, and skin, among other biologic samples. There is a special interest in the assessment of antioxidant defense properties of biological objects due to the key role of antioxidants in limitation of OS or its exacerbation in the case of antioxidant defense exhaust. Antioxidant and oxidant properties of biological objects and samples are determined by the complex interplay processes of a large number of compounds both natural and industrial origin with different properties and concentrations, and the integral assessment of these phenomena seems more appropriate than the measurement of separate substances. One of the integral correct diagnostic indicators of the balance in the system of antioxidants/pro-oxidants and OS as a whole, is antioxidant activity (AOA). We can see a growing interest in electrochemical methods for the evaluation of individual antioxidants and integrated antioxidant activity (AOA) value, which is because electrochemical methods, which fully correspond to the nature of the OS, are characterized by sensitivity, simplicity of the analytical procedure, low cost of equipment and reagents, and ease of automation of measurements.

Chemical (biochemical) sensors are developed for applications as detectors of different biological markers. Unfortunately, this does not apply to antioxidants. The ability of sensors for up-to-date, timely receipt of correct information about the interactions of short-lived ROS and NOS with an antioxidant defense system, as well as the wide range of sensors application for assessment of antioxidants sources seems to be the advantage and a boost for the development of sensor-based electrochemical methods for antioxidant/oxidant activity monitoring today and in near future.

Consideration of the interplay between antioxidants and OS has been the subject of a large number of publications. Numerous Special issues are planned for 2020, but the problems of AO monitoring are considered insufficiently. Research and development of new approaches, electrochemical methods, and sensors, which this Special Issue is dedicated to, will contribute to filling the existing gap between the demand and possibilities to meet these needs.

Scope:

• Variants: invasive and noninvasive antioxidant/oxidant sensors.
• Formats: on-site, in situ measurement, data transmission to remote clinic or/and smartphone

Application in:

• Medicine: tele-, sport-, home diagnostic
• Food, plants, nutrients, pharmaceut
• Cosmetics

Prof. Dr. Khiena Z. Brainina
Guest Editor

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