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Children
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Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Thyroid Disease
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Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Thyroid Disease

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Endocrinology & Diabetes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 November 2024) | Viewed by 2819

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Beata Sawicka

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Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with Cardiology Divisions, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
Interests: pediatric endocrinology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Thyroid diseases are a common medical condition among the pediatric population. It is well known that thyroid hormones are essential for the normal development of children. Nowadays, we are increasingly diagnosing autoimmune thyroid diseases and thyroid cancers in children and adolescents. The main objective of this research topic is to present the latest research on the pathogenesis of thyroid diseases, new diagnostic methods, and the most innovative treatments. In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Beata Sawicka
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Children is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • congenital hypothyroidism
  • Hashimoto's thyroiditis
  • Graves’ disease
  • thyroid nodular disease

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 993 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Acquired Hypothyroidism on the Growth and Metabolic Profiles of Pediatric Patients: A Retrospective Monocentric Study
by Elena Malavolta, Ignazio Cammisa, Giulia Rotunno, Lucia Celeste Pane, Federica Arzilli, Giorgio Sodero, Donato Rigante and Clelia Cipolla
Children 2025, 12(3), 272; https://doi.org/10.3390/children12030272 - 24 Feb 2025
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Abstract
Background: Hypothyroidism is the most common thyroid dysfunction in childhood, resulting from the decreased biological activity of thyroid hormones in tissues. Pediatric patients with hypothyroidism, when left untreated or when thyroid hormone levels fail to normalize despite treatment, may exhibit various complications [...] Read more.
Background: Hypothyroidism is the most common thyroid dysfunction in childhood, resulting from the decreased biological activity of thyroid hormones in tissues. Pediatric patients with hypothyroidism, when left untreated or when thyroid hormone levels fail to normalize despite treatment, may exhibit various complications such as growth retardation, obesity, and hypercholesterolemia. Aim: We conducted a monocentric retrospective study to evaluate potential differences in obesity rates and auxological parameters between healthy patients and children with hypothyroidism undergoing levothyroxine replacement therapy. Additionally, we examined possible differences in lipid and glucose metabolism between the two groups. Materials and Methods: We collected and analyzed data from the electronic medical records of 108 patients who were regularly followed up for thyroid dysfunction at the Pediatric Endocrinology Unit of the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS from January 2016 to June 2024. We also included 104 healthy controls who underwent thyroid function testing during the same period, followed up in the same department for regular auxological check-ups. Results: Our findings revealed that patients with acquired hypothyroidism had a lower height z-score compared to healthy controls (t(210) = −2.6; p = 0.01). Additionally, they exhibited higher blood glucose and triglyceride levels, although these values remained within the normal range. Conclusions: We highlight the critical importance of the early diagnosis of hypothyroidism to initiate levothyroxine replacement therapy promptly and mitigate the long-term effects of hypothyroidism on children’s growth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Thyroid Disease)
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Review

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15 pages, 943 KiB  
Review
Clinical Insight into Congenital Hypothyroidism Among Children
by Hüseyin Anıl Korkmaz
Children 2025, 12(1), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/children12010055 - 3 Jan 2025
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Abstract
Molecular, genetic, and technological advances have led to increased knowledge regarding neonatal thyroid hormone metabolism disorders. Maternal and fetal hypothyroidism, which can cause psychomotor dysfunction syndromes or low IQ levels, can lead to brain damage, reduced fetal growth and incidental fetal death. The [...] Read more.
Molecular, genetic, and technological advances have led to increased knowledge regarding neonatal thyroid hormone metabolism disorders. Maternal and fetal hypothyroidism, which can cause psychomotor dysfunction syndromes or low IQ levels, can lead to brain damage, reduced fetal growth and incidental fetal death. The treatment of congenital hypothyroidism detected by screening programs performed during the neonatal period provides normalization of growth, IQ levels, and the physical, mental, and motor development of infants. Therefore, the early diagnosis and treatment of congenital hypothyroidism will prevent the development of complications. In this article, the classification and management of neonatal thyroid diseases are reviewed in light of the current scientific literature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Thyroid Disease)
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