Advances in Functional Materials and Devices for Semiconductor and Energy Applications II

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Surface Engineering for Energy Harvesting, Conversion, and Storage".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 April 2022) | Viewed by 8604

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School of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
Interests: printed electronics; biosensors; oxide semiconductors; thin-film transistors; power semiconductor
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recently, new concept-based sensor platforms, such as the non-invasive monitoring of body fluids, electric-skin-based pressure-sensitive and stretchable stimulation, particle matter detection, and highly selective gas detection have been attracting attention. These sensing platforms can be produced by applying unconventional structures with high stretchability, 1D–3D nanomaterials for high sensitivity, and the immobilization of specific receptors for selective reactions. Of course, there are no restrictions in terms of materials, structures, and hybrid components, therefore many different approaches can be pursued with these platforms, irrespective of whether the systems involve organic or inorganic materials.

Another key issue in the processing of sensor materials, such as spray pyrolysis, the ultrathin coating process via a solution process, or ink-jet printing, is the need for high sensitivity and selectivity with a reasonably low cost.

The use of sensor devices can be expanded to diverse applications, such as energy conversion with photocatalytic activity, photovoltaics, and triboelectrics regarding energy harvesting for the best decision of a certain situation through the acquisition of big data. 

This aim of this Special Issue is to focus the research on multidisciplinary material synthesis, processing, and the characterization of functional metal oxides, organic/inorganic hybrids, organic semiconductors, and their applications in various devices on the following topics, among others:

  • Synthesis and processing of inorganic materials for highly efficient energy conversion systems;
  • Device performance of nano/micro sensor platforms for biological and environmental conditions;
  • Synthesis and characterization of 1D/2D/3D nanomaterials for highly sensitive sensors;
  • New materials for highly sensitive and selective sensors;
  • Structural studies of stretchable and flexible sensors;
  • Printable sensing materials and devices.

Kind regards,

Prof. Dr. You Seung Rim
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 2893 KiB  
Article
Studies on the Structure, Optical, and Electrical Properties of Doped Manganese (III) Phthalocyanine Chloride Films for Optoelectronic Device Applications
by María Elena Sánchez Vergara, María José Canseco Juárez, Ricardo Ballinas Indili, Genaro Carmona Reyes, José Ramón Álvarez Bada and Cecilio Álvarez Toledano
Coatings 2022, 12(2), 246; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12020246 - 14 Feb 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1962
Abstract
In the last few years, significant advances have been achieved in the development of organic semiconductors for use in optoelectronic devices. This work reports the doping and deposition of semiconducting organic thin films based on manganese (III) phthalocyanine chloride (MnPcCl). In order to [...] Read more.
In the last few years, significant advances have been achieved in the development of organic semiconductors for use in optoelectronic devices. This work reports the doping and deposition of semiconducting organic thin films based on manganese (III) phthalocyanine chloride (MnPcCl). In order to enhance the semiconducting properties of the MnPcCl films, different types of pyridine-based chalcones were used as dopants, and their influence on the optical and electric properties of the films was analyzed. The morphology and structure of the films were studied using IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Optical properties of MnPcCl–chalcone films were investigated via UV–Vis spectroscopy, and the absorption spectra showed the Q band located between 630 and 800 nm, as well as a band related to charge transfer (CT) in the region between 465 and 570 nm and the B band in the region between 280 and 460 nm. Additionally, the absorption coefficient measurements indicated that the films had an indirect transition with two energy gaps: the optical bandgap of around 1.40 eV and the fundamental gap of around 2.35 eV. The electrical behavior is strongly affected by the type of chalcone employed; for this reason, electrical conductivity at room temperature may vary from 1.55 × 10−5 to 3.02 × 101 S·cm−1 at different voltages (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 V). Additionally, the effect of temperature on conductivity was also measured; electrical conductivity increases by two orders of magnitude with increasing temperature from 25 to 100 °C. The doping effect of chalcone favors electronic transport, most likely due to its substituents and structure with delocalized π-electrons, the formation of conduction channels caused by anisotropy, and the bulk heterojunction induced by the dopant. In terms of optical and electrical properties, the results suggest that the best properties are obtained with chalcones that have the methoxy group as a substituent. However, all MnPcCl–chalcone films are candidates for use in optoelectronic devices. Full article
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11 pages, 2678 KiB  
Article
Effect of Annealing in ITO Film Prepared at Various Argon-and-Oxygen-Mixture Ratios via Facing-Target Sputtering for Transparent Electrode of Perovskite Solar Cells
by Yujin Kim, Sung Hwan Joo, Seong Gwan Shin, Hyung Wook Choi, Chung Wung Bark, You Seung Rim, Kyung Hwan Kim and Sangmo Kim
Coatings 2022, 12(2), 203; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12020203 - 4 Feb 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3448
Abstract
Normal perovskite solar cells (PSCs) consist of the following layers: transparent electrode, electron-transport layer (ETL), light-absorbing perovskite layer, hole-transport layer (HTL), and metal electrode. Energy, such as electricity, is produced through light absorbance and electron–hole generation/transport between two electrode types (metal film and [...] Read more.
Normal perovskite solar cells (PSCs) consist of the following layers: transparent electrode, electron-transport layer (ETL), light-absorbing perovskite layer, hole-transport layer (HTL), and metal electrode. Energy, such as electricity, is produced through light absorbance and electron–hole generation/transport between two electrode types (metal film and transparent conducting film). Among stacked layers in a PSC, the transparent electrode plays the high-performance-power-conversion-efficiency role. Transparent electrodes should have high-visible-range transparency and low resistance. Therefore, in this study, we prepared indium tin oxide (ITO) films on a glass substrate by using facing-target sputtering without substrate heating treatment and investigate the heating-treatment effect on the ITO-film properties for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Moreover, we fabricated PSCs with ITO films prepared at various oxygen flows during the sputtering process, and their energy-conversion properties are investigated. Full article
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14 pages, 4234 KiB  
Article
Linear Electron Beam Assisted Roll-to-Roll in-Vacuum Flexographic Patterning for Flexible Thermoelectric Generators
by Bryan W. Stuart, Katrina Morgan, Xudong Tao, Ioannis Zeimpekis, Zhuo Feng, Daniel Gregory and Hazel E. Assender
Coatings 2021, 11(12), 1470; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11121470 - 29 Nov 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2265
Abstract
In this work, we investigated the use of in-line linear electron beam irradiation (LEB) surface treatment integrated into a commercially compatible roll-to-roll (R2R) processing line, as a single fluorocarbon cleaning step, following flexography oil masking used to pattern layers for devices. Thermoelectric generators [...] Read more.
In this work, we investigated the use of in-line linear electron beam irradiation (LEB) surface treatment integrated into a commercially compatible roll-to-roll (R2R) processing line, as a single fluorocarbon cleaning step, following flexography oil masking used to pattern layers for devices. Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) were selected as the flexible electronic device demonstrator; a green renewable energy harvester ideal for powering wearable technologies. BiTe/BiSbTe-based flexible TEGs (f-TEGs) were fabricated using in-line oil patterned aluminium electrodes, followed by a 600 W LEB cleaning step, in which the duration was optimised. A BiTe/BiSbTe f-TEG using an oil-patterned electrode and a 15 min LEB clean (to remove oil prior to BiTe/BiSbTe deposition) showed similar Seebeck and output power (S ~ 0.19 mV K−1 and p = 0.02 nW at ΔT = 20 K) compared to that of an oil-free reference f-TEG, demonstrating the success of using the LEB as a cleaning step to prevent any remaining oil interfering with the subsequent active material deposition. Device lifetimes were investigated, with electrode/thermoelectric interface degradation attributed to an aluminium/fluorine reaction, originating from the fluorine-rich masking oil. A BiTe/GeTe f-TEG using an oil-patterned/LEB clean, exceeded the lifetime of the comparable BiTe/BiSbTe f-TEG, highlighting the importance of deposited material reactivities with the additives from the masking oil, in this case fluorine. This work therefore demonstrates (i) full device architectures within a R2R system using vacuum flexography oil patterned electrodes; (ii) an enabling Electron beam cleansing step for removal of oil remnants; and (iii) that careful selection of masking oils is needed for the materials used when flexographic patterning during R2R. Full article
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