PQED: 30 Years of Reduced Quantum Electrodynamics

A special issue of Condensed Matter (ISSN 2410-3896). This special issue belongs to the section "Physics of Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 1059

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AlbaNova University Center, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
Interests: quantum field theory; condensed matter physics; effective field theories; topological states of matter
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Faculdade de Física, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
Interests: quantum field theory applied to 2+1D systems in condensed matter; quantum vacuum effects (Casimir and dynamical Casimir effect)
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Guest Editor
Faculdade de Física, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
Interests: quantum field theory applied to 2+1D systems in condensed matter; renormalization group theory; graphene
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In condensed matter systems, the kinematics of the relevant charged quasi-particles is often constrained either to a line or to a plane. Polyacetylene and graphene are some of the most studied examples of the former and the latter, respectively. The electromagnetic (EM) field through which such quasi-particles interact, however, remains fully three-dimensional. We have in hands, therefore, a strange theory postulating that the EM field and the particles that interact through it live in different dimensions. The solution for this situation was provided 30 years ago by E. C. Marino [Nucl. Phys. B408 (1993) 551]. Taking quantum electrodynamics (QED) in 3+1D as a starting point, an effective theory was developed, which completely describes the electromagnetic interaction of particles constrained to move on a plane and whose EM field is subject to the same constraint. Such an effective, dimensionally reduced QED was called pseudo-quantum electrodynamics (PQED) (also known as reduced quantum electrodynamics). It was demonstrated that, despite being nonlocal, PQED respects causality and unitary. It has been applied quite successfully to describe the quantum valley Hall effect in graphene, as well as describing the residual resistivity in this material. It was also successfully applied in the determination of the gyromagnetic ratio in graphene. Significant results were also obtained in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD), where it produced theoretical prediction of exciton energy spectrum and lifetimes in excellent agreement with the experimental data. Several interesting results were also obtained in the description of graphene inside cavities. The proposed Special Issue hereby proposed shall cover most of the technical and phenomenological aspects of PQED. 

Thus, we invite researchers working on subjects related to PQED to submit contributions to this Special Issue. Topics of interest include (but are not limited to) applications of PQED to:

  • Graphene;
  • Transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs);
  • Excitons;
  • Valley quantum hall effect;
  • Cavity effects.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in Entropy.

Prof. Dr. Thors Hans Hansson
Prof. Dr. Danilo Teixeira Alves
Prof. Dr. Van Sérgio Alves
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • pseudo-quantum electrodynamics
  • reduced quantum electrodynamics
  • effective theories
  • 2+1D
  • graphene
  • transition-metal dichalcogenides

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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16 pages, 329 KiB  
Article
The Effective Potential of Scalar Pseudo-Quantum Electrodynamics in (2 + 1)D
by Leandro O. Nascimento, Carlos A. P. C. Junior and José R. Santos
Condens. Matter 2024, 9(2), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/condmat9020025 - 30 May 2024
Viewed by 760
Abstract
The description of the electron–electron interactions in two-dimensional materials has a dimensional mismatch, where electrons live in (2 + 1)D while photons propagate in (3 + 1)D. In order to define an action in (2 + 1)D, one may perform a dimensional reduction [...] Read more.
The description of the electron–electron interactions in two-dimensional materials has a dimensional mismatch, where electrons live in (2 + 1)D while photons propagate in (3 + 1)D. In order to define an action in (2 + 1)D, one may perform a dimensional reduction of quantum electrodynamics in (3 + 1)D (QED4) into pseudo-quantum electrodynamics (PQED). The main difference between this model and QED4 is the presence of a pseudo-differential operator in the Maxwell term. However, besides the Coulomb repulsion, electrons in a material are subjected to several microscopic interactions, which are inherent in a many-body system. These are expected to reduce the range of the Coulomb potential, leading to a short-range interaction. Here, we consider the coupling to a scalar field in PQED for explaining such a mechanism, which resembles the spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) in Abelian gauge theories. In order to do so, we consider two cases: (i) by coupling the quantum electrodynamics to a Higgs field in (3 + 1)D and, thereafter, performing the dimensional reduction; and (ii) by coupling a Higgs field to the gauge field in PQED and, subsequently, calculating its effective potential. In case (i), we obtain a model describing electrons interacting through the Yukawa potential and, in case (ii), we show that SSB does not occur at one-loop approximation. The relevance of the model for describing electronic interactions in two-dimensional materials is also addressed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue PQED: 30 Years of Reduced Quantum Electrodynamics)
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