Multiscale Interactions between Surface Topographies, Their Functions and Formation Technologies for Crystalline Materials

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 4874

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Mechanical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland
Interests: multiscale analysis; additive manufacturing; non-traditional manufacturing; microtexturing; surface metrology; surface integrity
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Guest Editor
Faculty of Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering, Kielce University of Technology, Al. Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego 7, 25-314 Kielce, Poland
Interests: engineering metrology; bearing measurement; surface metrology; form errors measurement; production metrology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering, Kielce University of Technology, al. Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego 7, 25-314 Kielce, Poland
Interests: surface texture; multiscale analysis; wavelet transform; roughness; waviness; surface metrology; surface integrity

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering, Department of Metrology and Unconventional Manufacturing Methods, KUT—Kielce University of Technology, 25-314 Kielce, Poland
Interests: 3D/4D printing; additive manufacturing; FDM/FFF; PJM; SLS; SLM; metrology; tribology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Surfaces cover everything. Heat, mass, loads, and charge are transferred across surfaces. Contact, wear, and adhesion occur between surfaces. Cracks and degradation start at surfaces. Surfaces scatter, reflect, and absorb radiation. Wetting occurs on surfaces.

Surface topographies influence many things, and almost all manufacturing processes influence surface topographies. Physical features of different sizes comprise topographies. These often appear to be different when observed at different scales of observation, hence the need for multiscale considerations.

Despite all the work on topographies, there is still a lack of experimental evidence of correlations or discrimination for many situations in which surface topographies are suspected of being involved. Surfaces affect crystallization kinetics as well as the morphology of the crystals that form on the surface. Surface-induced phenomena also have important effects on the formation of glassy states, and vapor deposition on surfaces has been shown to result in denser glasses.

Finding the scale of interaction between surface and physical phenomena occurring during crystallization should contribute to a better understanding of the nature of the process and its effect on the functionality of the resulting microstructures. Multiscale analyses can also elucidate certain fundamental scales for surface interactions in physics, chemistry, and biology, and advance the understanding of many topographically related phenomena. Scale ranges from atoms to micrometers can be interesting.

In terms of the surface finishing of crystalline materials, an appropriate optimization of manufacturing parameters, aimed at improving individual surface-dependent properties, is crucial. This especially concerns the controlled fabrication of surface features that can directly impact the service lives of produced parts and their long trouble-free operation. The appropriate analysis of such properties, both conventionally produced by machining, casting, and injection molding, and produced using novel, nonconventional methods such as additive technologies, both 3D and 4D printing, and micro electric discharge machining and laser texturing is of high scientific and industrial importance and part of the scope of this Special Issue.

An important subtopic is interdisciplinary research related to techniques and measurement problems. It may concern the assessment of measurement accuracy and the measurement uncertainty of research infrastructure in terms of production with modern technologies. This Issue is also devoted to the analysis and improvement of modern production processes and metrological analysis.

It is our pleasure to invite you to submit original research papers, short communications or state-of-the-art reviews that are within the scope of the Special Issue. The papers can include novel approaches to the production of components using modern materials and technologies, and the analysis of their mechanical, tribological, physical, and metrological properties, which are influenced by surface texture.

Dr. Tomasz Bartkowiak
Dr. Paweł Zmarzły
Dr. Damian Gogolewski
Dr. Tomasz Kozior
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • Multiscale analysis
  • Surface topography
  • Roughness
  • Surface metrology
  • Surface texture
  • Feature-based characterizations
  • Surface–function interactions
  • Additive manufacturing
  • Nontraditional manufacturing

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 9356 KiB  
Article
Variation of Surface Nanostructures on (100) PbS Single Crystals during Argon Plasma Treatment
by Sergey P. Zimin, Nikolai N. Kolesnikov, Ildar I. Amirov, Viktor V. Naumov, Egor S. Gorlachev, Sara Kim and Nam-Hoon Kim
Crystals 2022, 12(1), 111; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12010111 - 15 Jan 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1863
Abstract
The nanostructuring of the (100) PbS single crystal surface was studied under varying argon plasma treatment conditions. The initial PbS single crystals were grown by high-pressure vertical zone melting, cut into wafer samples, and polished. Subsequently, the PbS single crystals were treated with [...] Read more.
The nanostructuring of the (100) PbS single crystal surface was studied under varying argon plasma treatment conditions. The initial PbS single crystals were grown by high-pressure vertical zone melting, cut into wafer samples, and polished. Subsequently, the PbS single crystals were treated with inductively coupled argon plasma under varying treatment parameters such as ion energy and sputtering time. Plasma treatment with ions at a minimum energy of 25 eV resulted in the formation of nanotips with heights of 30–50 nm. When the ion energy was increased to 75–200 eV, two types of structures formed on the surface: high submicron cones and arrays of nanostructures with various shapes. In particular, the 120 s plasma treatment formed specific cruciform nanostructures with lateral orthogonal elements oriented in four <100> directions. In contrast, plasma treatment with an ion energy of 75 eV for 180 s led to the formation of submicron quasi-spherical lead structures with diameters of 250–600 nm. The nanostructuring mechanisms included a surface micromasking mechanism with lead formation and the vapor–liquid–solid mechanism, with liquid lead droplets acting as self-forming micromasks and growth catalysts depending on the plasma treatment conditions (sputtering time and rate). Full article
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23 pages, 4252 KiB  
Article
Discharge Energy as a Key Contributing Factor Determining Microgeometry of Aluminum Samples Created by Electrical Discharge Machining
by Katarzyna Peta, Michał Mendak and Tomasz Bartkowiak
Crystals 2021, 11(11), 1371; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11111371 - 11 Nov 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2318
Abstract
The aim of this study is first to determine the effect of the discharge energy on the surface microgeometry of aluminum samples created by electrical discharge machining (EDM). Secondly, an additional purpose is to demonstrate the differences between the geometric multiscale methods: length-, [...] Read more.
The aim of this study is first to determine the effect of the discharge energy on the surface microgeometry of aluminum samples created by electrical discharge machining (EDM). Secondly, an additional purpose is to demonstrate the differences between the geometric multiscale methods: length-, area-scale, and curvature. Eleven samples were manufactured using discharge energies ranging from 0.486 mJ to 1389.18 mJ and, subsequently, measured with focus variation microscopy. Standard ISO and multiscale parameters were calculated and used for surface discrimination and regression analysis. The results of linear, logarithmic, and exponential regression analyses revealed a strong correlation (R2 > 0.9) between the geometrical features of the surface topography and the discharge energy. The approach presented in this paper shows that it is possible to shape surface microgeometry by changing the energy of electrical discharges, and these dependencies are visible in various scales of observation. The similarities of the results produced by curvature and length-scale methods were observed, despite the significant differences in the essence of those methods. Full article
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