Multi-Sensor and Multi-Channel Systems and Technology: Advances, Challenges and Opportunities

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Microwave and Wireless Communications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2022) | Viewed by 4688

Special Issue Editors

James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK
Interests: phased array systems; array design and synthesis; array signal processing; beamforming; direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation; smart antennas; evolutionary computation; radar systems; wireless communications; non-destructive testing and evaluation; medical imaging and diagnosis
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Guest Editor
School of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China
Interests: system platform of advanced marine robots; marine sensors; towed sensor array equipment; robot target recognition; path planning and decision; underwater image processing; sonar signal analysis and information processing; electromagnetic compatibility and reliability of complex electronic systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, multi-sensor and multi-channel systems have attracted much attention from both academia and industry. Modern systems equipped with a range of sensors, multi-channel electronics, and advanced array processing capability have gained momentum in almost all application areas, including radar, mobile communications, underwater sonar, non-destructive evaluation, healthcare, sensing and imaging, wireless charging, and unmanned vehicles. The collaborative processing of multi-sensory and array data allows for many advantages and makes systems much more powerful, intelligent, flexible, robust, and reliable, usually with less cost. However, current sensor array systems and technology still suffer from critical challenges in order to meet ever-increasing demands and expectations. The recent advances in sensor design, new materials, electronics, array algorithms, computation, and artificial intelligence technologies have promising potential to overcome some of the key challenges.

Most of the challenges encountered in multi-sensor systems and technology still need to be researched, regardless of the applications. Many limitations exist in various application environments, and research questions remain open. This Special Issue provides a platform to share the most recent developments in this field, and we look forward to the latest research findings that suggest theories and practical solutions for various applications using array technology and systems.

Authors are encouraged to submit contributions in any of the following or related areas:

  • Modern radar systems
  • Wireless communication
  • Non-destructive testing and evaluation
  • Healthcare applications and systems
  • Underwater vehicles and applications
  • Antenna arrays and smart antennas
  • Acoustic microphone arrays
  • Ultrasound transducer arrays
  • Phased array processing and multi-channel systems
  • Beamforming and direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation
  • Artificial intelligence

Dr. Minghui Li
Prof. Dr. Bo He
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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14 pages, 4272 KiB  
Article
Requirement Analysis and Teardrop-Based Design of High Antenna Isolation for FMCW Radar
by Yunlong Luo, Lidong Chi, Alex Qi, Jianhua Ma and Yihong Qi
Electronics 2022, 11(11), 1687; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11111687 - 25 May 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2232
Abstract
Frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar is widely used in automotive and consumer electronics because of its range, velocity, and angle measurement functionality. In an FMCW radar system, the isolation between transmitting (Tx) and receiving (Rx) subsystems affects the sensitivity of the FMCW system, [...] Read more.
Frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar is widely used in automotive and consumer electronics because of its range, velocity, and angle measurement functionality. In an FMCW radar system, the isolation between transmitting (Tx) and receiving (Rx) subsystems affects the sensitivity of the FMCW system, which directly impacts the system’s overall performance in target detection. The factors that affect system performance include transmitter-to-receiver on-chip coupling and Tx-to-Rx antenna coupling. The on-chip isolation performance is basically fixed once a radar chip is given, but the antenna isolation performance depends on a designed antenna array. Usually, a targeted antenna requirement is first specified, and then the corresponding Tx and Rx antenna array is designed. However, there is no general principle or criteria for specifying a proper antenna isolation requirement in the existing research. In this paper, first, we reveal that the antenna isolation requirement should be set to be almost the same as the given on-chip isolation value, which is very significant as a general guideline in setting a targeted antenna isolation requirement. All current antenna isolation methods cannot reach the level of on-chip isolation in a compactly designed radar system. We further propose a teardrop-based method to provide high antenna isolation. The principle of an antenna isolation requirement and a novel antenna design using teardrops are both analyzed and demonstrated based on a representative 24 GHz FMCW radar. Our teardrop-shaped structure in the mouth of the conventional Vivaldi antenna achieved greater than 50 dB isolation, while the distance between the Tx and Rx antennas could be reduced to 2.1 mm. Full article
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15 pages, 3589 KiB  
Article
Detection and Direction-of-Arrival Estimation of Weak Spread Spectrum Signals Received with Antenna Array
by Jarosław Magiera
Electronics 2021, 10(21), 2566; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10212566 - 20 Oct 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1819
Abstract
This paper presents a method for the joint detection and direction of arrival (DOA) estimation of low probability of detection (LPD) signals. The proposed approach is based on using the antenna array to receive spread-spectrum signals hidden below the noise floor. Array processing [...] Read more.
This paper presents a method for the joint detection and direction of arrival (DOA) estimation of low probability of detection (LPD) signals. The proposed approach is based on using the antenna array to receive spread-spectrum signals hidden below the noise floor. Array processing exploits the spatial correlation between phase-delayed copies of the signal and allows us to evaluate the parameter used to make the decision about the presence of LPD transmission. The DOA estimation is based on the covariance between signals received by sensors for the fixed geometry of the antenna array. Moreover, the paper provides a method for mitigating narrowband interferences prior to signal detection. The presented methods were verified through simulations which proved that the confident detection of a one-second transmission in an additive white Gaussian noise channel is possible even when the noise is 24 dB higher than the power of the received signal. The performance of DOA estimation is analyzed in a wide range of signal-to-noise and interference-to-noise ratios. It is found that the DOA may be estimated with an RMS error not exceeding 10 degrees, even if interference occupies 15% of the analyzed frequency band. Full article
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