Operation and Control of Power Systems

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Power Electronics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2022) | Viewed by 19392

Special Issue Editors


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Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
Interests: energy production; renewable energy resources; power systems; energy efficiency; management and conversion
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Department of Management and Innovation Systems, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy
Interests: smart grids; energy management; power systems; demand response
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We would like to invite submissions to a Special Issue of Electronics on the subject of power systems operation and control, entitled “Operation and Control of Smart and Modern Power Systems”.

Due to environmental concerns, energy security risks, and fossil fuel problems, many countries around the world have decided to increase the penetration level of renewable energy resources (RERs) in their energy networks. Besides this, many countries are moving toward the implementation of the smart grid concept, including microgrid and deregulation in their power systems to achieve the reliable and secure operation of their power systems with the high penetration level of renewable energy resources. In future smart grids, keeping the operation in stable modes requires new techniques and technologies for better controlling and security assessment in such systems. Likewise, stability and security, which are the main issues when it comes to smart grids, should be well studied and analyzed. Moreover, new protection schemes are in demand in order to face any unexpected operation problems and contingencies in the smart grid environment.

In order to cope with ever-increasing operation and control complexity and security in modern and future smart grids, new architectures, concepts, algorithms, and procedures are essential. This Special Issue aims to encourage researchers to address the technical issues and research gaps in smart grid and microgrid systems.

The topics of interest of this Special Issue include, but are not limited to:

  • Power systems;
  • Power system operation and control;
  • Smart grids and microgrids;
  • The operation management of smart grids and microgrids;
  • Smart grid and microgrid reliability, sustainability, flexibility, and resiliency;
  • Energy system dynamics, stability, protection and security;
  • Methodologies and applications of modern methods for the operation and control of smart grids;
  • Intelligent systems, solving methods, optimization, and advanced heuristics;
  • The modeling, planning, and operating of renewable energy resources;
  • Business models for different electricity market players;
  • Demand side management and demand response;
  • The sizing, placement, and operation of energy storage systems and electric vehicles;
  • Smart homes and building energy management;
  • Electricity market, electrical power, and energy systems;
  • The modeling, forecasting, and management of uncertainty in smart grids;
  • Microgrids and islanded networks;
  • Smart cities, smart energy, and IoT;
  • Modern power systems and renewable energy resources

Prof. Dr. Hassan Haes Alhelou
Prof. Dr. Amer Al-Hinai
Prof. Dr. Pierluigi Siano
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 10183 KiB  
Article
Nonlinear Time Series Analysis in Unstable Periodic Orbits Identification-Control Methods of Nonlinear Systems
by Cosmin Ivan and Mihai Catalin Arva
Electronics 2022, 11(6), 947; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11060947 - 18 Mar 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2080
Abstract
The main purpose of this paper is to present a solution to the well-known problems generated by classical control methods through the analysis of nonlinear time series. Among the problems analyzed, for which an explanation has been sought for a long time, we [...] Read more.
The main purpose of this paper is to present a solution to the well-known problems generated by classical control methods through the analysis of nonlinear time series. Among the problems analyzed, for which an explanation has been sought for a long time, we list the significant reduction in control power and the identification of unstable periodic orbits (UPOs) in chaotic time series. To accurately identify the type of behavior of complex systems, a new solution is presented that involves a method of two-dimensional representation specific to the graphical point of view, and in particular the recurrence plot (RP). An example of the issue studied is presented by applying the recurrence graph to identify the UPO in a chaotic attractor. To identify a certain type of behavior in the numerical data of chaotic systems, nonlinear time series will be used, as a novelty element, to locate unstable periodic orbits. Another area of use for the theories presented above, following the application of these methods, is related to the control of chaotic dynamical systems by using RP in control techniques. Thus, the authors’ contributions are outlined by using the recurrence graph, which is used to identify the UPO from a chaotic attractor, in the control techniques that modify a system variable. These control techniques are part of the closed loop or feedback strategies that describe control as a function of the current state of the UPO stabilization system. To exemplify the advantages of the methods presented above, the use of the recurrence graph in the control of a buck converter through the application of a phase difference signal was analyzed. The study on the command of a direct current motor using a buck converter shows, through a final concrete application, the advantages of using these analysis methods in controlling dynamic systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Operation and Control of Power Systems)
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20 pages, 2708 KiB  
Article
Model-Based Design of an Improved Electric Drive Controller for High-Precision Applications Based on Feedback Linearization Technique
by Pierpaolo Dini and Sergio Saponara
Electronics 2021, 10(23), 2954; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10232954 - 28 Nov 2021
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 2624
Abstract
This paper presents the design flow of an advanced non-linear control strategy, able to absorb the effects that the main causes of torque oscillations, concerning synchronous electrical drives, cause on the positioning of the end-effector of a manipulator robot. The control technique used [...] Read more.
This paper presents the design flow of an advanced non-linear control strategy, able to absorb the effects that the main causes of torque oscillations, concerning synchronous electrical drives, cause on the positioning of the end-effector of a manipulator robot. The control technique used requires an exhaustive modelling of the physical phenomena that cause the electromagnetic torque oscillations. In particular, the Cogging and Stribeck effects are taken into account, whose mathematical model is incorporated in the whole system of dynamic equations representing the complex mechatronic system, formed by the mechanics of the robot links and the dynamics of the actuators. Both the modelling procedure of the robot, directly incorporating the dynamics of the actuators and the electrical drive, consisting of the modulation system and inverter, and the systematic procedure necessary to obtain the equations of the components of the control vector are described in detail. Using the Processor-In-the-Loop (PIL) paradigm for a Cortex-A53 based embedded system, the beneficial effect of the proposed advanced control strategy is validated in terms of end-effector position control, in which we compare classic control system with the proposed algorithm, in order to highlight the better performance in precision and in reducing oscillations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Operation and Control of Power Systems)
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20 pages, 9311 KiB  
Article
SPSO Based Optimal Integration of DGs in Local Distribution Systems under Extreme Load Growth for Smart Cities
by Mian Rizwan, Muhammad Waseem, Rehan Liaqat, Intisar Ali Sajjad, Udaya Dampage, Saleh H. Salmen, Sami Al Obaid, Mohamed A. Mohamed and Andres Annuk
Electronics 2021, 10(20), 2542; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10202542 - 18 Oct 2021
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 3119
Abstract
Renewable energy-based distributed generators (DGs) are gaining more penetration in modern grids to meet the growing demand for electrical energy. The anticipated techno-economic benefits of these eco-friendly resources require their judicious and properly sized allocation in distribution networks (DNs). The preeminent objective of [...] Read more.
Renewable energy-based distributed generators (DGs) are gaining more penetration in modern grids to meet the growing demand for electrical energy. The anticipated techno-economic benefits of these eco-friendly resources require their judicious and properly sized allocation in distribution networks (DNs). The preeminent objective of this research is to determine the sizing and optimal placing of DGs in the condensed DN of a smart city. The placing and sizing problem is modeled as an optimization problem to reduce the distribution loss without violating the technical constraints. The formulated model is solved for a radial distribution system with a non-uniformly distributed load utilizing the selective particle swarm optimization (SPSO) algorithm. The intended technique decreases the power loss and perfects the voltage profile at the system’s nodes. MATLAB is used for the simulation, and the obtained results are also validated by the Electrical Transient Analysis Program (ETAP). Results show that placing optimally sized DGs at optimal system nodes offers a considerable decline in power loss with an improved voltage profile at the network’s nodes. Distribution system operators can utilize the proposed technique to realize the reliable operation of overloaded urban networks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Operation and Control of Power Systems)
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19 pages, 3878 KiB  
Article
Cyber-Attack Detection in DC Microgrids Based on Deep Machine Learning and Wavelet Singular Values Approach
by Moslem Dehghani, Taher Niknam, Mohammad Ghiasi, Navid Bayati and Mehdi Savaghebi
Electronics 2021, 10(16), 1914; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10161914 - 9 Aug 2021
Cited by 38 | Viewed by 3870
Abstract
Nowadays, the role of cyber-physical systems (CPSs) is of paramount importance in power system security since they are more vulnerable to different cyber-attacks. Detection of cyber-attacks on a direct current microgrid (DC-MG) has become a pivotal issue due to the increasing use of [...] Read more.
Nowadays, the role of cyber-physical systems (CPSs) is of paramount importance in power system security since they are more vulnerable to different cyber-attacks. Detection of cyber-attacks on a direct current microgrid (DC-MG) has become a pivotal issue due to the increasing use of them in various electrical engineering applications, from renewable power generations to the distribution of electricity and power system of public transportation and subway electric network. In this study, a novel strategy was provided to diagnose possible false data injection attacks (FDIA) in DC-MGs to enhance the cyber-security of electrical systems. Accordingly, to diagnose cyber-attacks in DC-MG and to identify the FDIA to distributed energy resource (DER) unit, a new procedure of wavelet transform (WT) and singular value decomposition (SVD) based on deep machine learning was proposed. Additionally, this paper presents a developed selective ensemble deep learning (DL) approach using the gray wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm to identify the FDIA in DC-MG. In the first stage, in the paper, to gather sufficient data within the ordinary performance required for the training of the DL network, a DC-MG was operated and controlled with no FDIAs. In the information generation procedure, load changing was considered to have diagnosing datasets for cyber-attack and load variation schemes. The obtained simulation results were compared with the new Shallow model and Hilbert Huang Transform methods, and the results confirmed that the presented approach could more precisely and robustly identify multiple forms of FDIAs with more than 95% precision. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Operation and Control of Power Systems)
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Review

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21 pages, 5009 KiB  
Review
A Review of I–V Tracers for Photovoltaic Modules: Topologies and Challenges
by José Ignacio Morales-Aragonés, Miguel Dávila-Sacoto, Luis G. González, Víctor Alonso-Gómez, Sara Gallardo-Saavedra and Luis Hernández-Callejo
Electronics 2021, 10(11), 1283; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10111283 - 27 May 2021
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 5943
Abstract
Current–voltage (I–V) curve tracers are used for measuring voltage and current in photovoltaic (PV) modules. I–V curves allow identifying certain faults in the photovoltaic module, as well as quantifying the power performance of the device. I–V curve tracers are present in different topologies [...] Read more.
Current–voltage (I–V) curve tracers are used for measuring voltage and current in photovoltaic (PV) modules. I–V curves allow identifying certain faults in the photovoltaic module, as well as quantifying the power performance of the device. I–V curve tracers are present in different topologies and configurations, by means of rheostats, capacitive loads, electronic loads, transistors, or by means of DC–DC converters. This article focuses on presenting all these configurations. The paper shows the electrical parameters to which the electronic elements of the equipment are exposed using LTSpice, facilitating the appropriate topology selection. Additionally, a comparison has been included between the different I–V tracers’ topologies, analyzing their advantages and disadvantages, considering different factors such as their flexibility, modularity, cost, precision, speed or rating, as well as the characteristics of the different DC–DC converters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Operation and Control of Power Systems)
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