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Electronics
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Wearable Electronic Devices
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Wearable Electronic Devices

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioelectronics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2019) | Viewed by 68367

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Donghee Son

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
Interests: stretchable electronics; self-healing electronics; peripheral neural interface; functional nanomaterials; bio-integrated electronic system
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wearable electronic devices as a topic in this Special Issue have attracted extensive attention owing to their tremendous potential in Internet-of-Things, human–machine interfaces, and even healthcare applications. The representative approach to the realization of wearable electronics devices on a more practical level is divided into several methods: (i) enabling the brittle inorganic conducting/insulating/semiconducting materials to be flexible and even stretchable using strategies for a rigid-island active layer connected to wavy interconnects and a neutral mechanical plane, (ii) integrating commercially available chips such as central processing units, memory modules, batteries, and wireless communication parts with stretchable conductors supported on elastic substrates, and (iii) making functional materials intrinsically stretchable and autonomously self-healable using nano-/micro-materials in dynamically crosslinked polymer matrixes. In this Special Issue, we will cover various approaches to flexible and stretchable materials-based wearable electronic devices. We invite researchers who are working on deformable electronics, ranging from stretchable material synthesis and its device fabrication to process and system integration, to submit their high-quality manuscript for publication in this Special Issue.

Dr. Donghee Son
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Electronics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • stretchable electronics
  • stretchable optoelectronics
  • stretchable energy storage device
  • bio-integrated electronic system
  • wireless communication
  • human–machine interface
  • transparent electronics

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 13653 KiB  
Article
Wireless Epidermal Electromyogram Sensing System
by Sungjun Lee, Jiyong Yoon, Daewoong Lee, Duhwan Seong, Sangkyu Lee, Minsu Jang, Junho Choi, Ki Jun Yu, Jinseok Kim, Sangyoup Lee and Donghee Son
Electronics 2020, 9(2), 269; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9020269 - 5 Feb 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 6611
Abstract
Massive efforts to build walking aid platforms for the disabled have been made in line with the needs of the aging society. One of the core technologies that make up these platforms is a realization of the skin-like electronic patch, which is capable [...] Read more.
Massive efforts to build walking aid platforms for the disabled have been made in line with the needs of the aging society. One of the core technologies that make up these platforms is a realization of the skin-like electronic patch, which is capable of sensing electromyogram (EMG) and delivering feedback information to the soft, lightweight, and wearable exosuits, while maintaining high signal-to-noise ratio reliably in the long term. The main limitations of the conventional EMG sensing platforms include the need to apply foam tape or conductive gel on the surface of the device for adhesion and signal acquisition, and also the bulky size and weight of conventional measuring instruments for EMG, limiting practical use in daily life. Herein, we developed an epidermal EMG electrode integrated with a wireless measuring system. Such the stretchable platform was realized by transfer-printing of the as-prepared EMG electrodes on a SiO2 wafer to a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer substrate. The epidermal EMG patch has skin-like properties owing to its unique mechanical characteristics: i) location on a neutral mechanical plane that enables high flexibility, ii) wavy design that allows for high stretchability. We demonstrated wireless EMG monitoring using our skin-attachable and stretchable EMG patch sensor integrated with the miniaturized wireless system modules. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wearable Electronic Devices)
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27 pages, 5643 KiB  
Article
Wearable Travel Aid for Environment Perception and Navigation of Visually Impaired People
by Jinqiang Bai, Zhaoxiang Liu, Yimin Lin, Ye Li, Shiguo Lian and Dijun Liu
Electronics 2019, 8(6), 697; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics8060697 - 20 Jun 2019
Cited by 73 | Viewed by 8498
Abstract
Assistive devices for visually impaired people (VIP) which support daily traveling and improve social inclusion are developing fast. Most of them try to solve the problem of navigation or obstacle avoidance, and other works focus on helping VIP to recognize their surrounding objects. [...] Read more.
Assistive devices for visually impaired people (VIP) which support daily traveling and improve social inclusion are developing fast. Most of them try to solve the problem of navigation or obstacle avoidance, and other works focus on helping VIP to recognize their surrounding objects. However, very few of them couple both capabilities (i.e., navigation and recognition). Aiming at the above needs, this paper presents a wearable assistive device that allows VIP to (i) navigate safely and quickly in unfamiliar environment, and (ii) to recognize the objects in both indoor and outdoor environments. The device consists of a consumer Red, Green, Blue and Depth (RGB-D) camera and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), which are mounted on a pair of eyeglasses, and a smartphone. The device leverages the ground height continuity among adjacent image frames to segment the ground accurately and rapidly, and then search the moving direction according to the ground. A lightweight Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based object recognition system is developed and deployed on the smartphone to increase the perception ability of VIP and promote the navigation system. It can provide the semantic information of surroundings, such as the categories, locations, and orientations of objects. Human–machine interaction is performed through audio module (a beeping sound for obstacle alert, speech recognition for understanding the user commands, and speech synthesis for expressing semantic information of surroundings). We evaluated the performance of the proposed system through many experiments conducted in both indoor and outdoor scenarios, demonstrating the efficiency and safety of the proposed assistive system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wearable Electronic Devices)
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18 pages, 5248 KiB  
Article
WSMS: Wearable Stress Monitoring System Based on IoT Multi-Sensor Platform for Living Sheep Transportation
by Yan Cui, Mengjie Zhang, Jun Li, Hailing Luo, Xiaoshuan Zhang and Zetian Fu
Electronics 2019, 8(4), 441; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics8040441 - 17 Apr 2019
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 8174
Abstract
Farming herdsmen, sheep dealers, and veterinarians are increasingly interested in continuously monitoring sheep basic physiological characteristics (such as the heart rate and skin temperature) outside the laboratory environment, with the aim of identifying the physiological links between stress, uncomfortable, excitement, and other pathological [...] Read more.
Farming herdsmen, sheep dealers, and veterinarians are increasingly interested in continuously monitoring sheep basic physiological characteristics (such as the heart rate and skin temperature) outside the laboratory environment, with the aim of identifying the physiological links between stress, uncomfortable, excitement, and other pathological states. This paper proposes a non-invasive Wearable Stress Monitoring System (WSMS) with PhotoPlethysmoGram (PPG), Infrared Temperature Measurement (ITM), and Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) that aimed to remotely and continuously monitor the stress signs of sheep during transportation. The purpose of this study was implemented by following the multi-dimensional sensing platform to identify more pressure information. The designed WSMS showed sufficient robustness in recording and transmitting sensing data of physiology and environment during transport. The non-contact and non-destructive monitoring method that was proposed in this paper was helpful in minimizing the effects of sheep stress load. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wearable Electronic Devices)
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12 pages, 3324 KiB  
Article
Modeling and Analysis of Wearable Antennas
by Omar A. Saraereh, Imran Khan, Byung Moo Lee and A.K.S. Al-Bayati
Electronics 2019, 8(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics8010007 - 21 Dec 2018
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4235
Abstract
This paper describes a sheet-like transmission line for constructing a short-range wireless communication system using flexible materials such as clothing. As a new application of wireless communications, it is desired to construct a Personal Area Network (PAN) and a sensor network with a [...] Read more.
This paper describes a sheet-like transmission line for constructing a short-range wireless communication system using flexible materials such as clothing. As a new application of wireless communications, it is desired to construct a Personal Area Network (PAN) and a sensor network with a short distance communication area of about 1 m to 2 m. For such applications, a waveguide of a new structure is required which can exchange information at an arbitrary place on the waveguide, which has a flexible structure and limits the area for wireless communication. Therefore, by disposing the microstrip type resonators two-dimensionally with a two-layer structure and electromagnetically strongly coupling the resonators, the electromagnetic waves are confined well within the transmission line, and the antenna of the wireless device resonator is arranged. Furthermore, by constructing this transmission line with a sheet-like flexible wearable material, the transmission of both information and power can be performed through a thin flexible transmission line for the wearable network. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wearable Electronic Devices)
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Review

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36 pages, 6078 KiB  
Review
Towards The Internet of Smart Clothing: A Review on IoT Wearables and Garments for Creating Intelligent Connected E-Textiles
by Tiago M. Fernández-Caramés and Paula Fraga-Lamas
Electronics 2018, 7(12), 405; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics7120405 - 7 Dec 2018
Cited by 223 | Viewed by 39652
Abstract
Technology has become ubiquitous, it is all around us and is becoming part of us. Togetherwith the rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm and enabling technologies (e.g., Augmented Reality (AR), Cyber-Physical Systems, Artificial Intelligence (AI), blockchain or edge computing), smart wearables [...] Read more.
Technology has become ubiquitous, it is all around us and is becoming part of us. Togetherwith the rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm and enabling technologies (e.g., Augmented Reality (AR), Cyber-Physical Systems, Artificial Intelligence (AI), blockchain or edge computing), smart wearables and IoT-based garments can potentially have a lot of influence by harmonizing functionality and the delight created by fashion. Thus, smart clothes look for a balance among fashion, engineering, interaction, user experience, cybersecurity, design and science to reinvent technologies that can anticipate needs and desires. Nowadays, the rapid convergence of textile and electronics is enabling the seamless and massive integration of sensors into textiles and the development of conductive yarn. The potential of smart fabrics, which can communicate with smartphones to process biometric information such as heart rate, temperature, breathing, stress, movement, acceleration, or even hormone levels, promises a new era for retail. This article reviews the main requirements for developing smart IoT-enabled garments and shows smart clothing potential impact on business models in the medium-term. Specifically, a global IoT architecture is proposed, the main types and components of smart IoT wearables and garments are presented, their main requirements are analyzed and some of the most recent smart clothing applications are studied. In this way, this article reviews the past and present of smart garments in order to provide guidelines for the future developers of a network where garments will be connected like other IoT objects: the Internet of Smart Clothing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wearable Electronic Devices)
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