Journal Description
FinTech
FinTech
is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal on a variety of themes connected with financial technology, such as cryptocurrencies, risk management, robo-advising, crowdfunding, blockchain, new payment solutions, machine learning and AI for financial services, digital currencies, etc., published quarterly online by MDPI.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed within ESCI (Web of Science), Scopus, RePEc, and other databases.
- Journal Rank: CiteScore - Q1 (Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous))
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 22.8 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 4.6 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the first half of 2025).
- Recognition of Reviewers: APC discount vouchers, optional signed peer review, and reviewer names published annually in the journal.
Latest Articles
Artificial Intelligence and Firm Value: A Bibliometric and Systematic Literature Review
FinTech 2025, 4(4), 54; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4040054 - 5 Oct 2025
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Objective: This study investigates how artificial intelligence (AI) research relates to firm value, focusing on dominant thematic trends, theoretical foundations, and global collaboration patterns. Methods: A PRISMA-guided systematic review was conducted on 219 peer-reviewed articles published between 2013 and May 2025 in the
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Objective: This study investigates how artificial intelligence (AI) research relates to firm value, focusing on dominant thematic trends, theoretical foundations, and global collaboration patterns. Methods: A PRISMA-guided systematic review was conducted on 219 peer-reviewed articles published between 2013 and May 2025 in the Web of Science Social Sciences Citation Index. Bibliometric techniques, including co-word, co-citation, and collaboration network analyses, were performed using the bibliometrix (version 4.2.3) in R (version 4.4.2) package to map key concepts, intellectual structures, and international research partnerships. Results: The literature is primarily grounded in strategic management theories such as the resource-based view (RBV) and dynamic capabilities. Emerging research streams emphasize digital transformation, big data analytics, and decision support systems. Frequently co-occurring terms include “firm performance,” “artificial intelligence,” “dynamic capabilities,” “information technology,” and “decision-making.” Collaboration mapping highlights the United States, United Kingdom, and China as leading hubs, with increasing contributions from emerging economies such as India, Malaysia, and Saudi Arabia. The alignment between co-word and co-citation structures reflects a shift from foundational theory to applied AI capabilities in firm-value creation. Implications: By integrating a systematic review with advanced bibliometric and science-mapping methods, this work establishes a structured foundation for theory development, empirical testing, and policy formulation in AI-driven business landscapes.
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Open AccessArticle
Large Language Models for Nowcasting Cryptocurrency Market Conditions
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Anurag Dutta, M. Gayathri Lakshmi, A. Ramamoorthy and Pijush Kanti Kumar
FinTech 2025, 4(4), 53; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4040053 - 29 Sep 2025
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Large language models have expanded their application from traditional tasks in natural language processing to several domains of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. This research studies the potential of these models for financial “nowcasting”–real-time forecasting (of the recent past) for cryptocurrency
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Large language models have expanded their application from traditional tasks in natural language processing to several domains of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. This research studies the potential of these models for financial “nowcasting”–real-time forecasting (of the recent past) for cryptocurrency market conditions. Further, the research benchmarks capabilities of five state-of-the-art decoder-only models, gpt-4.1 (OpenAI), gemini-2.5-pro (Google), claude-3-opus-20240229 (Anthropic), deepseek-reasoner (DeepSeek), and grok-4 (xAI) across 12 major crypto-assets around the world. Using minute-resolution history of a day in USD for the stocks, gemini-2.5-pro emerges as a consistent leader in forecasting (except for a few assets). The stablecoins exhibit minimal deviation across all models, justifying the “nowcast strength” in low-volatility environments, although they are not able to perform well for the highly erratic assets. Additionally, since large language models have been known to better their performance when executed for a higher number of passes, the experimentations were conducted for two passes (Pass@1 and Pass@2), and the respective nowcast errors are found to be reduced by (on average).
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Financial Technology and Strategic AI Integration in FinTech: Transforming Banking, Payments, and Building a Sustainable Economy—Challenges and Opportunities)
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Open AccessArticle
Quantum Computing and Cybersecurity in Accounting and Finance in the Post-Quantum World: Challenges and Opportunities for Securing Accounting and Finance Systems
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Huma Habib Shadan and Sardar M. N. Islam
FinTech 2025, 4(4), 52; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4040052 - 25 Sep 2025
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Quantum technology is significantly transforming businesses, organisations, and information systems. It will have a significant impact on accounting and finance, particularly in the context of cybersecurity. It presents both opportunities and risks in maintaining confidentiality and protecting financial data. This study aims to
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Quantum technology is significantly transforming businesses, organisations, and information systems. It will have a significant impact on accounting and finance, particularly in the context of cybersecurity. It presents both opportunities and risks in maintaining confidentiality and protecting financial data. This study aims to demonstrate the application of quantum technologies in accounting cybersecurity, utilising quantum algorithms and QKD to overcome the limitations of classical computing. The literature review emphasises the vulnerabilities of current accounting cybersecurity to quantum attacks and highlights the necessity for quantum-resistant cryptographic mechanisms. It discusses the risks related to traditional encryption methods within the context of quantum capabilities. This research enhances understanding of how quantum computing can revolutionise accounting cybersecurity by advancing quantum-resistant algorithms and implementing QKD in accounting systems. This study employs the PSALSAR systematic review methodology to ensure thoroughness and rigour. The analysis shows that quantum computing pushes encryption techniques beyond classical limits. Using quantum technologies in accounting reduces data breaches and unauthorised access. This study concludes that quantum-resistant algorithms and quantum key distribution (QKD) are crucial for securing the future of accounting and finance systems.
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Open AccessArticle
Multiscale Stochastic Models for Bitcoin: Fractional Brownian Motion and Duration-Based Approaches
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Arthur Rodrigues Pereira de Carvalho, Felipe Quintino, Helton Saulo, Luan C. S. M. Ozelim, Tiago A. da Fonseca and Pushpa N. Rathie
FinTech 2025, 4(3), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4030051 - 19 Sep 2025
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This study introduces and evaluates stochastic models to describe Bitcoin price dynamics at different time scales, using daily data from January 2019 to December 2024 and intraday data from 20 January 2025. In the daily analysis, models based on are introduced to capture
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This study introduces and evaluates stochastic models to describe Bitcoin price dynamics at different time scales, using daily data from January 2019 to December 2024 and intraday data from 20 January 2025. In the daily analysis, models based on are introduced to capture long memory, paired with both constant-volatility (CONST) and stochastic-volatility specifications via the Cox–Ingersoll–Ross (CIR) process. The novel family of models is based on Generalized Ornstein–Uhlenbeck processes with a fluctuating exponential trend (GOU-FE), which are modified to account for multiplicative fBm noise. Traditional Geometric Brownian Motion processes (GFBM) with either constant or stochastic volatilities are employed as benchmarks for comparative analysis, bringing the total number of evaluated models to four: GFBM-CONST, GFBM-CIR, GOUFE-CONST, and GOUFE-CIR models. Estimation by numerical optimization and evaluation through error metrics, information criteria (AIC, BIC, and EDC), and 95% Expected Shortfall (ES95) indicated better fit for the stochastic-volatility models (GOUFE-CIR and GFBM-CIR) and the lowest tail-risk for GOUFE-CIR, although residual analysis revealed heteroscedasticity and non-normality. For intraday data, Exponential, Weibull, and Generalized Gamma Autoregressive Conditional Duration (ACD) models, with adjustments for intraday patterns, were applied to model the time between transactions. Results showed that the ACD models effectively capture duration clustering, with the Generalized Gamma version exhibiting superior fit according to the Cox–Snell residual-based analysis and other metrics (AIC, BIC, and mean-squared error). Overall, this work advances the modeling of Bitcoin prices by rigorously applying and comparing stochastic frameworks across temporal scales, highlighting the critical roles of long memory, stochastic volatility, and intraday dynamics in understanding the behavior of this digital asset.
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Open AccessEditorial
Trends and New Developments in FinTech
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Nikiforos T. Laopodis and Eleftheria Kostika
FinTech 2025, 4(3), 50; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4030050 - 16 Sep 2025
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This Special Issue (Trends and New Developments in FinTech) discusses fintech trends such as the aspects of the regulation of digital activities, the implementation of technologies on reducing carbon emissions, ESG investments by FinTech, the trend towards asset tokenization and related
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This Special Issue (Trends and New Developments in FinTech) discusses fintech trends such as the aspects of the regulation of digital activities, the implementation of technologies on reducing carbon emissions, ESG investments by FinTech, the trend towards asset tokenization and related banking activities in relation to FinTech, and the development of central bank digital currencies assisted by FinTech [...]
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends and New Developments in FinTech)
Open AccessReview
Enablers and Barriers in FinTech Adoption: A Systematic Literature Review of Customer Adoption and Its Impact on Bank Performance
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Amna Albuainain and Simon Ashby
FinTech 2025, 4(3), 49; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4030049 - 3 Sep 2025
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The rise of financial technology (FinTech) has generated substantial research on its adoption by customers and the associated implications for traditional banks. This systematic review addresses two questions: (1) What factors enable or hinder consumer adoption of FinTech? (2) How does consumer adoption
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The rise of financial technology (FinTech) has generated substantial research on its adoption by customers and the associated implications for traditional banks. This systematic review addresses two questions: (1) What factors enable or hinder consumer adoption of FinTech? (2) How does consumer adoption of FinTech affect the performance of traditional banks? Following the PRISMA guidelines, we screened and analyzed 109 peer-reviewed articles published between 2016 and 2024 in Scopus and Web of Science. The findings show that adoption is driven by economic incentives, digital infrastructure, personalized services, and institutional support, while barriers include limited literacy, perceived risk, and regulatory uncertainty. At the bank level, adoption enhances operational efficiency, customer loyalty, and revenue growth but also generates compliance costs, cybersecurity risks, and competition. Consumer adoption studies primarily employ the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), often extended with trust and privacy constructs. In contrast, bank performance research relies on empirical analyses with limited theoretical grounding. This review bridges behavioral and institutional perspectives by linking consumer-level drivers of adoption with organizational outcomes, offering an integrated conceptual framework. The limitations include a restriction of the retrieved literature to English publications in two databases. Future work should apply longitudinal, multi-theory models to deepen the understanding of how consumer behavior shapes bank performance.
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Open AccessArticle
Banking Sector Transformation: Disruptions, Challenges and Opportunities
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William Gaviyau and Jethro Godi
FinTech 2025, 4(3), 48; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4030048 - 3 Sep 2025
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Banking has evolved from ancient times of using grain banks and temple lending to modern banking practices. The transformation of the banking sector has ensured that banks play the crucial role of facilitating faster and efficient service delivery. This paper traced the evolution
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Banking has evolved from ancient times of using grain banks and temple lending to modern banking practices. The transformation of the banking sector has ensured that banks play the crucial role of facilitating faster and efficient service delivery. This paper traced the evolution of banking and examined associated disruptions, opportunities, and challenges. With the specific objective of influencing policy-oriented discussions on the future of banking, this study adopted a literature review methodology of integrating various sources, such as scholarly journals, policy reports, and institutional publications. Public interest theory and disruptive innovation theory underpinned this study. Findings revealed that banking has evolved from Banking 1.0 to Banking 5.0 due to disruptive factors which have been pivotal to the significant structural sector changes: Banking 1.0 (pre-1960s); Banking 2.0 (1960s to 1980s); Banking 3.0 (1980s–2000s); Banking 4.0 (2000s–2020s); and Banking 5.0 (2020s to the future). Despite the existence of opportunities in the transformation, challenges include regulations, skills shortages, legacy systems, and cybersecurity that must be addressed. This calls for a coordinated response from stakeholders, with banking’s future requiring collaborations as cashless economies, digital economies, and digital currencies take centre stage.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Financial Technology and Strategic AI Integration in FinTech: Transforming Banking, Payments, and Building a Sustainable Economy—Challenges and Opportunities)
Open AccessArticle
Smart Forest Modeling Behavioral for a Greener Future: An AI Text-by-Voice Blockchain Approach with Citizen Involvement in Sustainable Forestry Functionality
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Dimitrios Varveris, Vasiliki Basdekidou, Chrysanthi Basdekidou and Panteleimon Xofis
FinTech 2025, 4(3), 47; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4030047 - 1 Sep 2025
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This paper introduces a novel approach to tree modeling architecture integrated with blockchain technology, aimed at enhancing landscape spatial planning and forest monitoring systems. The primary objective is to develop a low-cost, automated tree CAD modeling methodology combined with blockchain functionalities to support
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This paper introduces a novel approach to tree modeling architecture integrated with blockchain technology, aimed at enhancing landscape spatial planning and forest monitoring systems. The primary objective is to develop a low-cost, automated tree CAD modeling methodology combined with blockchain functionalities to support smart forest projects and collaborative design processes. The proposed method utilizes a parametric tree CAD model consisting of four 2D tree-frames with a 45° division angle, enriched with recorded tree-leaves’ texture and color. An “AI Text-by-Voice CAD Programming” technique is employed to create tangible tree-model NFT tokens, forming the basis of a thematic “Internet-of-Trees” blockchain. The main results demonstrate the effectiveness of the blockchain/Merkle hash tree in tracking tree geometry growth and texture changes through parametric transactions, enabling decentralized design, data validation, and planning intelligence. Comparative analysis highlights the advantages in cost, time efficiency, and flexibility over traditional 3D modeling techniques, while providing acceptable accuracy for metaverse projects in smart forests and landscape architecture. Core contributions include the integration of AI-based user voice interaction with blockchain and behavioral data for distributed and collaborative tree modeling, the introduction of a scalable and secure “Merkle hash tree” for smart forest monitoring, and the facilitation of fintech adoption in environmental projects. This framework offers significant potential for advancing metaverse-based landscape architecture, smart forest surveillance, sustainable urban planning, and the improvement of citizen involvement in sustainable forestry paving the way for a greener future.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling Behavioral and Cognitive Drivers of FinTech Adoption: Trust, Emotion and Digital Decision-Making)
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Open AccessArticle
Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models for Tourism Demand Forecasting with Economic Indicators
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Ivanka Vasenska
FinTech 2025, 4(3), 46; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4030046 - 1 Sep 2025
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This study addresses the critical need for accurate tourism demand (TD) forecasting in Bulgaria using economic indicators, developing robust predictive models to navigate post-pandemic market volatility. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed tourism’s vulnerability to systemic shocks, highlighting deficiencies in traditional forecasting approaches. Bulgaria’s tourism
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This study addresses the critical need for accurate tourism demand (TD) forecasting in Bulgaria using economic indicators, developing robust predictive models to navigate post-pandemic market volatility. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed tourism’s vulnerability to systemic shocks, highlighting deficiencies in traditional forecasting approaches. Bulgaria’s tourism industry, characterized by strong seasonal variations and economic sensitivity, requires enhanced methodologies for strategic planning in uncertain environments. The research employs comprehensive comparative analysis of machine learning (ML) and deep machine learning (DML) methodologies. Monthly overnight stay data from Bulgaria’s National Statistical Institute (2005–2024) were integrated with COVID-19 case data, Consumer Price Index (CPI) and Bulgarian Gross Domestic Product (GDP) variables for the same period. Multiple approaches were implemented including Prophet with external regressors, Ridge regression, LightGBM, and gradient boosting models using inverse MAE weighting optimization, alongside deep learning architectures such as Bidirectional LSTM with attention mechanisms and XGBoost configurations, as each model statistical significance was estimated. Contrary to prevailing assumptions about deep learning superiority, traditional machine learning ensemble approaches demonstrated superior performance. The ensemble model combining Prophet, LightGBM, and Ridge regression achieved optimal results with MAE of 156,847 and MAPE of 14.23%, outperforming individual models by 10.2%. Deep learning alternatives, particularly Bi-LSTM architectures, exhibited significant deficiencies with negative R2 scores, indicating fundamental limitations in capturing seasonal tourism patterns, probable data dependence and overfitting. The findings, provide tourism stakeholders and policymakers with empirically validated forecasting tools for enhanced decision-making. The ensemble approach combined with statistical significance testing offers improved accuracy for investment planning, marketing budget allocation, and operational capacity management during economic volatility. Economic indicator integration enables proactive responses to market disruptions, supporting resilient tourism planning strategies and crisis management protocols.
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Open AccessArticle
The Impact of Technological Development on the Productivity of UK Banks
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Nour Mohamad Fayad, Ali Awdeh, Jessica Abou Mrad, Ghaithaa El Mokdad and Madonna Nassar
FinTech 2025, 4(3), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4030045 - 26 Aug 2025
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This study investigates the impact of digitalisation and intangible investment—specifically digital skills and software adoption—on productivity in the United Kingdom’s banking sector. Software adoption is captured through banks’ investment in enterprise systems (CRM/ERP, cloud computing, and related applications), rather than a single software
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This study investigates the impact of digitalisation and intangible investment—specifically digital skills and software adoption—on productivity in the United Kingdom’s banking sector. Software adoption is captured through banks’ investment in enterprise systems (CRM/ERP, cloud computing, and related applications), rather than a single software version. Drawing on detailed bank-level data from six major UK banks over the period 2007–2022, this research provides empirical evidence that higher intensities of digital human capital and intangible assets are positively associated with improvements in both employee productivity and overall bank performance. A standard deviation increase in software specialist employment is associated with productivity gains of 10.3% annually, though this upper-bound estimate likely combines direct effects with complementary factors such as concurrent IT investments (e.g., cloud infrastructure) and managerial innovations. The findings also highlight substantial heterogeneity across banks, with younger institutions experiencing more pronounced benefits from intangible investment due to their greater flexibility and innovation capacity. Furthermore, this study reveals that the adoption of high-speed internet and investment in IT hardware have a strong positive effect on bank productivity, particularly in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, which accelerated digital transformation across the sector. However, the observational nature of the study and the limited sample size necessitate caution in generalising the findings. While the results have implications for digital workforce development and technology infrastructure, policy recommendations should be interpreted as preliminary, pending further validation in broader samples and diverse institutional settings. This study concludes by advocating for targeted strategies to expand digital skills, promote software diffusion, and modernise infrastructure to facilitate productivity convergence, while emphasising the need for future research to address potential endogeneity and external validity limitations.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Financial Technology and Strategic AI Integration in FinTech: Transforming Banking, Payments, and Building a Sustainable Economy—Challenges and Opportunities)
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Open AccessArticle
Determinants of FinTech Payment Services Adoption—An Empirical Study of Lithuanian Businesses
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Greta Marcevičiūtė, Kamilė Taujanskaitė and Jens Kai Perret
FinTech 2025, 4(3), 44; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4030044 - 26 Aug 2025
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The new era of FinTech services enabled the financial sector to benefit from innovative and cost-effective products via process automation, fostering a foundation for more sustainable business growth. Despite considerable research, the determinants of FinTech services adoption by businesses remain mostly unknown. For
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The new era of FinTech services enabled the financial sector to benefit from innovative and cost-effective products via process automation, fostering a foundation for more sustainable business growth. Despite considerable research, the determinants of FinTech services adoption by businesses remain mostly unknown. For the first time, a mixed-method study is realized combining the perspectives of FinTech services providers (experts) and FinTech service users (businesses that use FinTech). To elicit the providers’ views, interviews have been conducted with experts from FinTech service providers. From the user side, data generated via online surveys was evaluated in an adjusted Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) model tailored to FinTech specifics using the R implementation of PLS-SEM. The results of this analysis enabled comparisons between the perspectives of providers and users to identify similarities and differences in adoption factors. Correspondingly, conclusions on FinTech adoption encourage FinTech service providers to adjust their solutions to better fit the business requirements. For business owners, they provide valuable insights on how to streamline their financials and foster sustainable growth through efficiency gains.
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Open AccessArticle
M&As and Corporate Financial Performance: An Empirical Study of DAX 40 Firms
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Alessia Rufolo, Tetiana Paientko and Katrin Dziergwa
FinTech 2025, 4(3), 43; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4030043 - 15 Aug 2025
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This study examines the impact of mergers and acquisitions (M&As) on the financial performance of firms listed in Germany’s DAX 40 index. Although M&As are a widely used strategic tool intended to create value through synergies and market expansion, existing research provides conflicting
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This study examines the impact of mergers and acquisitions (M&As) on the financial performance of firms listed in Germany’s DAX 40 index. Although M&As are a widely used strategic tool intended to create value through synergies and market expansion, existing research provides conflicting evidence about their effectiveness. Using an empirical approach, we analyze the financial data of acquiring companies before and post-M&A transactions to evaluate changes in profitability, liquidity and solvency. Our findings suggest that financial performance does not universally improve following acquisitions. Instead, results vary significantly based on deal characteristics and internal management factors. These results suggest that, while M&A can be a pathway to growth, success depends heavily on the quality of execution and organizational integration. This paper contributes to the ongoing debate about the effectiveness of M&As and provides insights for corporate decision-makers, investors, and policy stakeholders.
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Open AccessArticle
Do Fintech Firms Excel in Risk Assessment for U.S. 30-Year Conforming Residential Mortgages?
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Zilong Liu and Hongyan Liang
FinTech 2025, 4(3), 42; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4030042 - 14 Aug 2025
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This study examines whether fintech lenders outperform traditional banks and non-fintech non-banks in risk assessment for U.S. 30-year fixed-rate conforming mortgages. Analyzing Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac loans from Q1 2012 to Q1 2020 using ROC/AUC and risk-pricing regressions, we find fintech lenders
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This study examines whether fintech lenders outperform traditional banks and non-fintech non-banks in risk assessment for U.S. 30-year fixed-rate conforming mortgages. Analyzing Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac loans from Q1 2012 to Q1 2020 using ROC/AUC and risk-pricing regressions, we find fintech lenders have lower predictive accuracy and pricing misalignment, charging higher rates to borrowers who remain current and lower rates to those who default or prepay. These results indicate that conforming mortgage regulations and rapid loan sales to government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) diminish fintech firms’ incentives for enhanced borrower screening, thus reducing their risk assessment effectiveness.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling Behavioral and Cognitive Drivers of FinTech Adoption: Trust, Emotion and Digital Decision-Making)
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Open AccessArticle
Financial Technology and Chinese Commercial Banks’ Overall Profitability: A “U-Shaped” Relationship
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Xue Yuan, Chin-Hong Puah and Dayang Affizzah binti Awang Marikan
FinTech 2025, 4(3), 41; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4030041 - 12 Aug 2025
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The comprehensive integration of modern technologies, such as artificial intelligence and big data, into the financial sector in recent years has profoundly transformed the operating model of the traditional financial industry. These technologies not only redefine the operating mechanisms of the financial industry
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The comprehensive integration of modern technologies, such as artificial intelligence and big data, into the financial sector in recent years has profoundly transformed the operating model of the traditional financial industry. These technologies not only redefine the operating mechanisms of the financial industry but also significantly reshape the competitive landscape and strategic development of commercial banks. To investigate the impact of FinTech on the overall profitability of commercial banks, this study utilizes a balanced panel dataset comprising 50 listed commercial banks in China from 2012 to 2023 and conducts an empirical analysis based on a fixed-effects model. The findings reveal that, from a dynamic perspective, there exists a significant U-shaped relationship between FinTech and the comprehensive profitability of commercial banks, with a development threshold of 2.86. When the level of FinTech development falls below this critical threshold, its impact on the profitability of commercial banks is predominantly negative. However, once FinTech development surpasses this threshold, its positive effects on enhancing the profitability of commercial banks gradually emerge. Therefore, the government should provide phased policy support to achieve both short-term burden reduction and long-term innovation, and commercial banks should adopt FinTech development as a long-term strategic priority.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fintech Innovations: Transforming the Financial Landscape)
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Open AccessArticle
The Impact of FinTech on the Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Bangladesh: A Random-Effect Model Analysis
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Iftekhar Ahmed Robin, Mohammad Mazharul Islam and Majed Alharthi
FinTech 2025, 4(3), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4030040 - 7 Aug 2025
Abstract
This paper examines the impact of agent banking activities, a recent FinTech development, influencing the profitability and financial outcomes of commercial banks operating in Bangladesh, as agent banking has been receiving significant global attention due to its technology-driven approach, cost-effectiveness and easy accessibility,
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This paper examines the impact of agent banking activities, a recent FinTech development, influencing the profitability and financial outcomes of commercial banks operating in Bangladesh, as agent banking has been receiving significant global attention due to its technology-driven approach, cost-effectiveness and easy accessibility, and broader coverage of the unbanked population. Through the application of penal data regression methods, the study estimates a random-effect model using panel data comprising quarterly observations from nine Bangladeshi commercial banks that maintained uninterrupted agent banking activities, covering both deposit mobilization and lending during the period from 2018Q1 to 2024Q4. The empirical findings indicate that credit disbursement by agent banks has a positive and statistically significant impact on bank profitability measures, return on assets (ROA), and return on equity (ROE). Similarly, the expansion of agent banking outlets positively and significantly influences ROA. Therefore, an appropriate agent banking policy aimed at increasing agent banking outlets using digital platforms based on FinTech is vital for ensuring positive growth in credit disbursement to achieve improved financial outcomes for the banking sector in a developing country like Bangladesh.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Financial Technology and Strategic AI Integration in FinTech: Transforming Banking, Payments, and Building a Sustainable Economy—Challenges and Opportunities)
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Open AccessArticle
The Effects of CBDCs on Mobile Money and Outstanding Loans: Evidence from the eNaira and SandDollar Experiences
by
Francisco Elieser Giraldo-Gordillo and Ricardo Bustillo-Mesanza
FinTech 2025, 4(3), 39; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4030039 - 5 Aug 2025
Abstract
This paper measures the post-treatment effects of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) on mobile money and outstanding loans from commercial banks as a percentage of the GDP in Nigeria and the Bahamas, respectively, from the perspective of financial inclusion. The literature on the
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This paper measures the post-treatment effects of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) on mobile money and outstanding loans from commercial banks as a percentage of the GDP in Nigeria and the Bahamas, respectively, from the perspective of financial inclusion. The literature on the topic has primarily focused on the technological specifications of CBDCs and their potential future implementation. This article addresses a gap in the empirical literature by examining the effects of CBDCs. To this end, a Synthetic Control Method (SCM) is applied to the Bahamas (SandDollar) and Nigeria (eNaira) to construct a counterfactual scenario and assess the impact of CBDCs on mobile money and commercial bank loans. Nigeria’s mobile money transactions as a percentage of the GDP increased significantly compared to the synthetic control group, suggesting a notable positive effect of the eNaira. Conversely, in the Bahamas, actual performance fell below the synthetic control, implying that SandDollar may have contributed to a decline in outstanding loans. These results suggest that CBDCs could pose a “deposit substitution risk” for commercial banks. However, they may also enhance the performance of other Fintech tools, as observed in the case of mobile money. As CBDC implementations worldwide remain in their early stages, their long-term effects require further analysis.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fintech Innovations: Transforming the Financial Landscape)
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Open AccessArticle
Can FinTech Close the VAT Gap? An Entrepreneurial, Behavioral, and Technological Analysis of Tourism SMEs
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Konstantinos S. Skandalis and Dimitra Skandali
FinTech 2025, 4(3), 38; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4030038 - 5 Aug 2025
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Governments worldwide are mandating e-invoicing and real-time VAT reporting, yet many cash-intensive service SMEs continue to under-report VAT, eroding fiscal revenues. This study investigates whether financial technology (FinTech) adoption can reduce this under-reporting among tourism SMEs in Greece—an economy with high seasonal spending
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Governments worldwide are mandating e-invoicing and real-time VAT reporting, yet many cash-intensive service SMEs continue to under-report VAT, eroding fiscal revenues. This study investigates whether financial technology (FinTech) adoption can reduce this under-reporting among tourism SMEs in Greece—an economy with high seasonal spending and a persistent shadow economy. This is the first micro-level empirical study to examine how FinTech tools affect VAT compliance in this sector, offering novel insights into how technology interacts with behavioral factors to influence fiscal behavior. Drawing on the Technology Acceptance Model, deterrence theory, and behavioral tax compliance frameworks, we surveyed 214 hotels, guesthouses, and tour operators across Greece’s main tourism regions. A structured questionnaire measured five constructs: FinTech adoption, VAT compliance behavior, tax morale, perceived audit probability, and financial performance. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling and bootstrapped moderation–mediation analysis, we find that FinTech adoption significantly improves declared VAT, with compliance fully mediating its impact on financial outcomes. The effect is especially strong among businesses led by owners with high tax morale or strong perceptions of audit risk. These findings suggest that FinTech tools function both as efficiency enablers and behavioral nudges. The results support targeted policy actions such as subsidies for e-invoicing, tax compliance training, and transparent audit communication. By integrating technological and psychological dimensions, the study contributes new evidence to the digital fiscal governance literature and offers a practical framework for narrowing the VAT gap in tourism-driven economies.
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Open AccessArticle
SEP and Blockchain Adoption in Western Balkans and EU: The Mediating Role of ESG Activities and DEI Initiatives
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Vasiliki Basdekidou and Harry Papapanagos
FinTech 2025, 4(3), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4030037 - 1 Aug 2025
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This paper explores the intervening role in SEP performance of corporate environmental, cultural, and ethnic activities (ECEAs) and diversity, equity, inclusion, and social initiatives (DEISIs) on blockchain adoption (BCA) strategy, particularly useful in the Western Balkans (WB), which demands transparency due to extended
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This paper explores the intervening role in SEP performance of corporate environmental, cultural, and ethnic activities (ECEAs) and diversity, equity, inclusion, and social initiatives (DEISIs) on blockchain adoption (BCA) strategy, particularly useful in the Western Balkans (WB), which demands transparency due to extended fraud and ethnic complexities. In this domain, a question has been raised: In BCA strategies, is there any correlation between SEP performance and ECEAs and DEISIs in a mediating role? A serial mediation model was tested on a dataset of 630 WB and EU companies, and the research conceptual model was validated by CFA (Confirmation Factor Analysis), and the SEM (Structural Equation Model) fit was assessed. We found a statistically sound (significant, positive) correlation between BCA and ESG success performance, especially in the innovation and integrity ESG performance success indicators, when DEISIs mediate. The findings confirmed the influence of technology, and environmental, cultural, ethnic, and social factors on BCA strategy. The findings revealed some important issues of BCA that are of worth to WB companies’ managers to address BCA for better performance. This study adds to the literature on corporate blockchain transformation, especially for organizations seeking investment opportunities in new international markets to diversify their assets and skill pool. Furthermore, it contributes to a deeper understanding of how DEI initiatives impact the correlation between business transformation and socioeconomic performance, which is referred to as the “social impact”.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fintech Innovations: Transforming the Financial Landscape)
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Open AccessArticle
Mobile Financial Service Adoption Among Elderly Consumers: The Roles of Technology Anxiety, Familiarity, and Age
by
Jihyung Han and Daekyun Ko
FinTech 2025, 4(3), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4030036 - 29 Jul 2025
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The rapid growth of mobile financial services provides significant opportunities for enhancing digital financial inclusion among older adults. However, elderly consumers often lag in adoption and sustained usage due to psychological barriers (e.g., technology anxiety) and factors related to prior experience and comfort
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The rapid growth of mobile financial services provides significant opportunities for enhancing digital financial inclusion among older adults. However, elderly consumers often lag in adoption and sustained usage due to psychological barriers (e.g., technology anxiety) and factors related to prior experience and comfort with technology (e.g., technology familiarity). This study investigates how technology anxiety and technology familiarity influence elderly consumers’ continuance intention toward mobile banking, while examining age as a moderator by comparing younger older adults (aged 60–69) and older adults (aged 70+). Using data from an online survey of 488 elderly mobile banking users in South Korea, we conducted hierarchical regression analyses. The results show that technology anxiety negatively affects continuance intention, whereas technology familiarity positively enhances sustained usage. Moreover, age significantly moderated these relationships: adults aged 70+ were notably more sensitive to both technology anxiety and familiarity, highlighting distinct age-related psychological differences. These findings underscore the importance of targeted digital literacy initiatives, age-friendly fintech interfaces, and personalized support strategies. This study contributes to the fintech literature by integrating psychological dimensions into traditional technology adoption frameworks and emphasizing age-specific differences. Practically, fintech providers and policymakers should adopt tailored strategies to effectively address elderly consumers’ unique psychological needs, promoting sustained adoption and narrowing the digital divide in financial technology engagement.
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Open AccessArticle
The Impact of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) on Global Financial Systems in the G20 Country GVAR Approach
by
Nesrine Gafsi
FinTech 2025, 4(3), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4030035 - 24 Jul 2025
Cited by 1
Abstract
This paper considers the impact of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) on the world’s financial systems with a special emphasis on G20 economies. Using quarterly macro-financial data for the period of 2000 to 2024, collected from the IMF, BIS, World Bank, and Atlantic
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This paper considers the impact of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) on the world’s financial systems with a special emphasis on G20 economies. Using quarterly macro-financial data for the period of 2000 to 2024, collected from the IMF, BIS, World Bank, and Atlantic Council, a Global Vector Autoregression (GVAR) model is applied to 20 G20 countries. The results reveal significant heterogeneity across economies: CBDC shocks intensify emerging market financial instability (e.g., India, Brazil), while more digitally advanced countries (e.g., UK, Japan) experience stabilization. Retail CBDCs increase disintermediation risks in more fragile banking systems, while wholesale CBDCs improve cross-border liquidity. This article contributes to the literature by providing the first GVAR-based estimation of CBDC spillovers globally.
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(This article belongs to the Topic Artificial Intelligence Applications in Financial Technology, 2nd Edition)
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