Physics and Applications of Microfluidics

A special issue of Fluids (ISSN 2311-5521).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 4406

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Departamento de Engenharia Mecatrónica, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
Interests: microfluidics; rarefied gases; porous media flows; biological flows; lattice Boltzmann methods

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Research on microfluidics concerns the study of geometrically constrained fluid flows inside domains of micrometric size.

Ever since its introduction, about 40 years ago, the miniaturization of typical fluidic elements, such as channels, reservoirs, or mixing/separation chambers, has attracted significant interest, enabling improvement in the performance of classical devices, such as compact heat exchangers, or the development of innovative concepts, such as the biochip.

However, despite its many technological advantages, the scale reduction in transport phenomena has also introduced new challenges to the physical understanding of the underlying fluid flow mechanisms. Unexpected traits range from the increased prominence of surface-based phenomena, such as capillarity effects in the case of liquids, to the complete breakdown of the classical macroscopic hydrodynamic models in the case of gases. This Special Issue seeks contributions that bring new insight into the physics of microfluidic flows. In this context, theoretical, experimental, and computational approaches are all welcome.

Dr. Goncalo Silva
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • microfluidics
  • multiphase flow
  • rarefied flow
  • nonequilibrium gas flow
  • biochip
  • lab-on-a-chip
  • microchannels
  • computational fluid dynamics
  • experimental fluid dynamics

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3777 KiB  
Article
Analytical Solution for Transient Electroosmotic and Pressure-Driven Flows in Microtubes
by Yu Feng, Hang Yi and Ruguan Liu
Fluids 2024, 9(6), 140; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9060140 - 11 Jun 2024
Viewed by 3261
Abstract
This study focuses on deriving and presenting an infinite series as the analytical solution for transient electroosmotic and pressure-driven flows in microtubes. Such a mathematical presentation of fluid dynamics under simultaneous electric field and pressure gradients leverages governing equations derived from the generalized [...] Read more.
This study focuses on deriving and presenting an infinite series as the analytical solution for transient electroosmotic and pressure-driven flows in microtubes. Such a mathematical presentation of fluid dynamics under simultaneous electric field and pressure gradients leverages governing equations derived from the generalized continuity and momentum equations simplified for laminar and axisymmetric flow. Velocity profile developments, apparent slip-induced flow rates, and shear stress distributions were analyzed by varying values of the ratio of microtube radius to Debye length and the electroosmotic slip velocity. Additionally, the “retarded time” in terms of hydraulic diameter, kinematic viscosity, and slip-induced flow rate was derived. A simpler polynomial series approximation for steady electroosmotic flow is also proposed for engineering convenience. The analytical solutions obtained in this study not only enhance the fundamental understanding of the electroosmotic flow characteristics within microtubes, emphasizing the interplay between electroosmotic and pressure-driven mechanisms, but also serve as a benchmark for validating computational fluid dynamics models for electroosmotic flow simulations in more complex flow domains. Moreover, the analytical approach aids in the parametric analysis, providing deeper insights into the impact of physical parameters on electroosmotic and pressure-driven flow behavior, which is critical for optimizing device performance in practical applications. These findings also offer insightful implications for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in healthcare, particularly enhancing the capabilities of lab-on-a-chip technologies and paving the way for future research in the development and optimization of microfluidic systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physics and Applications of Microfluidics)
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24 pages, 7806 KiB  
Article
Simulation on the Separation of Breast Cancer Cells within a Dual-Patterned End Microfluidic Device
by Diganta Dutta, Xavier Palmer, Jung Yul Lim and Surabhi Chandra
Fluids 2024, 9(6), 123; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9060123 - 25 May 2024
Viewed by 501
Abstract
Microfluidic devices have long been useful for both the modeling and diagnostics of numerous diseases. In the past 20 years, they have been increasingly adopted for helping to study those in the family of breast cancer through characterizing breast cancer cells and advancing [...] Read more.
Microfluidic devices have long been useful for both the modeling and diagnostics of numerous diseases. In the past 20 years, they have been increasingly adopted for helping to study those in the family of breast cancer through characterizing breast cancer cells and advancing treatment research in portable and replicable formats. This paper adds to the body of work concerning cancer-focused microfluidics by proposing a simulation of a hypothetical bi-ended three-pronged device with a single channel and 16 electrodes with 8 pairs under different voltage and frequency regimes using COMSOL. Further, a study was conducted to examine the frequencies most effective for ACEO to separate cancer cells and accompanying particles. The study revealed that the frequency of EF has a more significant impact on the separation of particles than the inlet velocity. Inlet velocity variations while holding the frequency of EF constant resulted in a consistent trend showing a direct proportionality between inlet velocity and net velocity. These findings suggest that optimizing the frequency of EF could lead to more effective particle separation and targeted therapeutic interventions for breast cancer. This study hopefully will help to create targeted therapeutic interventions by bridging the disparity between in vitro and in vivo models. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physics and Applications of Microfluidics)
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