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Gases
Special Issues
Bio-Energy: Biogas, Biomethane and Green-Hydrogen
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Bio-Energy: Biogas, Biomethane and Green-Hydrogen

A special issue of Gases (ISSN 2673-5628).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2026 | Viewed by 5801

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. João Fernando Pereira Gomes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering (ADEQ), Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa (ISEL), R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: air pollution abatement; air pollution monitoring and control; particulate pollutants; indoor air pollution; combustion; clean fuels
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bio-energy, derived from organic materials such as agricultural residues, organic waste, and dedicated energy crops, plays a crucial role in transitioning to a sustainable and low-carbon energy future. Biogas, biomethane, and green hydrogen are key components of bio-energy that hold significant promise in meeting energy demands while reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Biogas, produced through the anaerobic digestion of organic matter, comprises primarily methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). It can be utilised for electricity generation, heating, and as a vehicle fuel, offering a versatile and renewable energy source. Furthermore, upgrading biogas to biomethane involves removing impurities to achieve a higher methane content, resulting in a premium-quality renewable natural gas suitable for injection into the existing gas grid or for use as a transportation fuel.

In addition to biogas and biomethane, green hydrogen produced from renewable sources through electrolysis holds immense potential as an energy carrier with zero carbon emissions. When combined with biogas and biomethane in a hybrid energy system, green hydrogen can offer long-term energy storage solutions, facilitate sector coupling, and support the decarbonisation of hard-to-abate sectors such as industry and transportation.

This Special Issue aims to provide a platform to share the latest developments in biogas production, biomethane upgrading, green hydrogen applications, and integrated energy systems. Both review and research articles are welcome.

Prof. Dr. João Fernando Pereira Gomes
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Gases is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bio-energy
  • biogas
  • biomethane
  • green hydrogen

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 5570 KB  
Article
Combustion Diagnosis in a Spark-Ignition Engine Fueled with Syngas at Different CO/H2 and Diluent Ratios
by Santiago Martinez-Boggio, Pedro Teixeira Lacava, Felipe Solferini de Carvalho and Pedro Curto-Risso
Gases 2024, 4(2), 97-116; https://doi.org/10.3390/gases4020006 - 15 May 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2327
Abstract
The gasification of residues into syngas offers a versatile gaseous fuel that can be used to produce heat and power in various applications. However, the application of syngas in engines presents several challenges due to the changes in its composition. Such variations can [...] Read more.
The gasification of residues into syngas offers a versatile gaseous fuel that can be used to produce heat and power in various applications. However, the application of syngas in engines presents several challenges due to the changes in its composition. Such variations can significantly alter the optimal operational conditions of the engines that are fueled with syngas, resulting in combustion instability, high engine variability, and misfires. In this context, this work presents an experimental investigation conducted on a port-fuel injection spark-ignition optical research engine using three different syngas mixtures, with a particular focus on the effects of CO/H2 and diluent ratios. A comparative analysis is made against methane, considered as the baseline fuel. The in-cylinder pressure and related parameters are examined as indicators of combustion behavior. Additionally, 2D cycle-resolved digital visualization is employed to trace flame front propagation. Custom image processing techniques are applied to estimate flame speed, displacement, and morphological parameters. The engine runs at a constant speed (900 rpm) and with full throttle like stationary engine applications. The excess air–fuel ratios vary from 1.0 to 1.4 by adjusting the injection time and the spark timing according to the maximum brake torque of the baseline fuel. A thermodynamic analysis revealed notable trends in in-cylinder pressure traces, indicative of differences in combustion evolution and peak pressures among the syngas mixtures and methane. Moreover, the study quantified parameters such as the mass fraction burned, combustion stability (COVIMEP), and fuel conversion efficiency. The analysis provided insights into flame morphology, propagation speed, and distortion under varying conditions, shedding light on the influence of fuel composition and air dilution. Overall, the results contribute to advancing the understanding of syngas combustion behavior in SI engines and hold implications for optimizing engine performance and developing numerical models. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bio-Energy: Biogas, Biomethane and Green-Hydrogen)
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Review

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20 pages, 2671 KB  
Review
A Review on In Situ Hydrogen Generation in Hydrocarbon Reservoirs
by Mustafa Hakan Ozyurtkan, Coşkun Çetin and Cenk Temizel
Gases 2026, 6(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/gases6010009 - 3 Feb 2026
Viewed by 743
Abstract
This review examines the emerging concepts of hydrogen production and storage directly within hydrocarbon reservoirs (in situ), evaluating their technical feasibility, infrastructure requirements, challenges, and potential role in net-zero strategies. The in situ hydrogen production involves injecting substances, like water or gases, into [...] Read more.
This review examines the emerging concepts of hydrogen production and storage directly within hydrocarbon reservoirs (in situ), evaluating their technical feasibility, infrastructure requirements, challenges, and potential role in net-zero strategies. The in situ hydrogen production involves injecting substances, like water or gases, into the reservoir where they react with the natural materials underground. Heat and catalysts can also help speed up chemical reactions. Techniques such as methane reforming, steam gasification, and aquathermolysis show promise for producing hydrogen efficiently while keeping carbon emissions low. There are several benefits when producing and storing hydrogen underground, including lower costs, less need for surface equipment, and reduced gas emissions. However, there are still certain challenges to this process, such as finding the optimal reaction conditions and keeping the reservoir stable over time. This review outlines key technological breakthroughs, real-world applications, and future research directions for in situ hydrogen generation and storage initiatives to help meet net-zero emission goals by 2050. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bio-Energy: Biogas, Biomethane and Green-Hydrogen)
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24 pages, 4846 KB  
Review
Analysis of Fuel Gasification Using Solar Technology: A Patent Review
by Mikhail Zhumagulov, Aizhan Omirbayeva and Davide Papurello
Gases 2026, 6(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/gases6010003 - 7 Jan 2026
Viewed by 842
Abstract
Solar energy enhances the energy and environmental performance of coal gasification by lowering carbon emissions and increasing the yield and quality of synthesis gas. This patent review surveys recent global advances in solar thermochemical reactors for coal gasification, focusing on key innovations disclosed [...] Read more.
Solar energy enhances the energy and environmental performance of coal gasification by lowering carbon emissions and increasing the yield and quality of synthesis gas. This patent review surveys recent global advances in solar thermochemical reactors for coal gasification, focusing on key innovations disclosed in patent applications and grants, with particular attention to technologies that improve process efficiency and sustainability. The novelty of the review is that unlike most patent reviews that focus primarily on statistical indicators such as application counts, geography, and classification, this work integrates qualitative analysis of specific technical solutions alongside statistical evaluation. This combined approach enables a deeper assessment of technological maturity and practical applicability. Fifteen patents from different countries were reviewed. The largest number (8, 53%) belongs to the United States. China has the second place with 4 (27%). The remaining countries (the EU, Korea, and Russia) hold 1 patent (7% each). The present work emphasises the technological and engineering solutions associated with the integration of solar energy into gasification processes. The author’s design is free of the disadvantages of its counterparts and is a simplified design with a high degree of adaptability to various types of fuel, including brown coal, biomass, and other carbon-containing materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bio-Energy: Biogas, Biomethane and Green-Hydrogen)
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