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Horticulturae
Special Issues
Horticultural Plants’ Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses
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Horticultural Plants’ Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Biotic and Abiotic Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 June 2024) | Viewed by 1366

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Zhiwei Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
Interests: abiotic stress; plant physiology; salinity; heavy metal; nutrition; micronutrients; antioxidants; phytohormone; heat stress; oxidative stress; reactive oxygen species; reactive nitrogen species; membrane biology; starch physiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The current global climate change trend has had a substantial impact on the growth, yield, and quality of horticulture produce. The alterations in climate patterns and human activities give rise to diverse environmental conditions, such as heat, cold, drought, salinity, sodic and alkaline conditions, and heavy metal pollution. These conditions can significantly affect the productivity of horticultural crops. Various horticultural crops exhibit varying responses to abiotic stressors and are particularly vulnerable to abiotic stress, mainly during the early growth of seedlings, vegetative phases, reproductive stages (such as seed formation, blooming, and fruiting), and leaf senescence. Additionally, biotic stressors, such as nematodes, bacteria, insects, fungus, vectors, and viruses significantly impede the strength and production of horticultural crops.

The study of biostimulants compounds, hormones, new chemicals, and microbes in agriculture has shown that they may improve the ability of agricultural plants to withstand abiotic and biotic challenges, resulting in greater production in horticulture crops. Recent research has revealed that the novel phytochemicals, secondary metabolites, and antimicrobial peptides reduce the harmful effects of biotic and abiotic stresses by increasing the activity of antioxidants, both enzymatic and non-enzymatic, interacting with phytohormones, activating defense genes, and promoting systemic resistance.

In this context, we propose a research topic that will consist of original research, reviews, and methods articles. This compilation aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms that enable horticultural crops to tolerate abiotic and biotic factors.

Prof. Dr. Zhiwei Wang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Horticulturae is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biostimulants compounds
  • phytochemicals
  • global climate change

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

28 pages, 4867 KiB  
Article
Improving the Salt Tolerance of “Old Limachino Tomato” by Using a New Salt-Tolerant Rootstock
by Juan-Pablo Martínez, Raúl Fuentes, Danitza Badilla, Camila Rosales, Juan Felipe Alfaro-Quezada, Francisco Correa, Carolina Lizana, Boris Sagredo, Muriel Quinet and Stanley Lutts
Horticulturae 2024, 10(8), 780; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10080780 - 24 Jul 2024
Viewed by 215
Abstract
Salinity is a major constraint limiting the yield of tomatoes. However, grafting strategies may help to overcome the salt toxicity of this important horticultural species if appropriate rootstocks are identified. The present study aimed to test a new rootstock, JUPAFORT1, obtained by crossing [...] Read more.
Salinity is a major constraint limiting the yield of tomatoes. However, grafting strategies may help to overcome the salt toxicity of this important horticultural species if appropriate rootstocks are identified. The present study aimed to test a new rootstock, JUPAFORT1, obtained by crossing the glycophyte Solanum lycopersicum (cv. Poncho Negro) with the halophyte wild-related species Solanum chilense to improve the salinity tolerance of the Chilean tomato landrace Old Limachino Tomato (OLT). Intact OLT plants were exposed to 0, 80, or 160 mM of NaCl for 21 days at the vegetative stage and compared with self-grafted (L/L) and Limachino plants grafted on JUPAFORT1 rootstock (L/R) under a completely randomized design. JUPAFORT1 increased OLT scion vigor in the absence of salt but did not significantly increase fresh weight under stress conditions. However, JUPAFORT1 confers to the scion an anisohydric behavior contrasting with the isohydric behavior of L and L/L plants as indicated by measurements of stomatal conductance; L/R plants were able to maintain their metabolic status despite a slight decrease in the leaf’s relative water content. JUPAFORT1 rootstock also enabled the maintenance of photosynthetic pigment concentrations in the scion in contrast to L and L/L plants, which exhibited a decrease in photosynthetic pigments under stress conditions. L/R plants encountered oxidative stress at the highest stress intensity (160 mM of NaCl) only, while L and L/L plants suffered from oxidative damage at a lower dose (80 mM of NaCl). L/R plants behaved as includer plants and did not sequester Na+ in the root system, in contrast to L and L/L, which behaved as excluder plants retaining Na+ in the root system to avoid its translocation to the shoots. The expression of genes coding for ion transporters (HKT1.1, HKT1.2, LKT1, SKOR, SOS2, and SOS3) in the root system was not modified by salinity in L/R. In contrast, their expression varied in response to salinity in L and L/L. Overall, L/R plants exhibited higher physiological stability than L/L or L plants in response to an increasing NaCl dose and did not require additional energy investment to trigger an adaptative response to salinity. This suggests that the constitutive salinity tolerance of the halophyte S. chilense was maintained in the interspecific rootstock. JUPAFORT1 issued from S. lycopersicum x S. chilense may thus improve salt-stress resilience in OLT tomatoes. Additional studies are required to identify the molecular components involved in the root-to-shoot signaling pathway in this promising material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Horticultural Plants’ Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses)
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18 pages, 4627 KiB  
Article
Spectral Study of Some Metabolites Involved in the Adaptation Reaction of Bitter Cucumber (Momordica charantia) to Saline Stress
by Ștefănica Ostaci, Cristina Slabu, Alina Elena Marta, Mihaela Covașă, Iulia Miniață and Carmenica Doina Jităreanu
Horticulturae 2024, 10(4), 309; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10040309 - 22 Mar 2024
Viewed by 824
Abstract
Momordica charantia (bitter cucumber) is a tropical and subtropical plant with a long history of use in traditional medicine. Salinity is a major problem that limits plant growth and biomass production. The aim of this work was to determine the salinity tolerance of [...] Read more.
Momordica charantia (bitter cucumber) is a tropical and subtropical plant with a long history of use in traditional medicine. Salinity is a major problem that limits plant growth and biomass production. The aim of this work was to determine the salinity tolerance of bitter cucumber, through the spectral analyses of some metabolites involved in their response to abiotic stress factors. To carry out the experiment, two varieties of bitter cucumber and three experimental lines were subjected to saline stress by applying treatments with saline solutions in different concentrations (control—0 mM NaCl; V1—100 mM NaCl; and V2—200 mM NaCl). After applying the treatments, analyses were carried out on the amount of free proline (Pro), ascorbic acid, and aromatic amino acids. For proline and ascorbic acid, the tendency was for their concentration to decrease in the variants treated with saline solutions" with "the tendency was for their absorbance to decrease in the variants treated with saline solutions. The differences between the controls and the treated variants, as well as between the studied genotypes, highlight their capacity for resistance and adaptation to saline stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Horticultural Plants’ Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses)
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